...Tiffin University CASE REACTION TO JAPANESE MANAGEMENT STYLES Submitted for MGT 505 (Section 91) Fundamentals of Business Enterprise Dr. Perry Haan, Professor of Marketing By: Michael Bond Ypsilanti, Mich. September 25, 2011 The Effectiveness of Japanese Styles of Management Introduction The article was a review and critique of the effectiveness of Japanese styles of management. Through case studies, three main research questions emerged: 1. What are the distinctive qualities of Japanese work organizations? 2. What happens to these qualities when Japanese organizations are established in western countries? 3. Are there ‘universal’ effects of particular forms of organization, or is it more the case that what is required at one place or time would not have the same effect at another place or time? Points of Agreement • The difference between the western viewpoint of Japanese society and the Japanese management style. (Smith, 1984, p. 123, col 1, par 1). Western society, mainly writers and movies, have presented Japan as a conformist society. The movie, Gung Ho (1986, Paramount Pictures) is about a Japanese auto company taking over an American auto company. The Japanese management is shown as working as a unit and not trying to rock the boat. They also lower salaries and try to get everyone trained on every job as to conform. A study by Klauss & Bass (1974) studied group decision making...
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...Japan and the U.S. share a low-growth economy configeration and their management styles are beginning to merge. Management Styles: American vis-a-vis Japanese Charles Y. Yang THE JAPANESE STYLE of management has in recent vears been drawing a great deal of attention from American managers because of its apparent ability to insure organization stability in the face of unexpected external changes. At the same time, a slower rate of economic growth in Japan is compelling Japanese executives to .search for improvement iu management efficiency by focusing their attention on the American type of management. FALL 1977 This trend to draw on each other's strengths in order to better cope with growing external pressures is significant because both eountries now share a similar socio-economic situation characterized by a low rate of economic growth, a high degree of vulnerability to external variations and an advanced stage of technological development. A comparative analysis of the quality of management must first determine what is to be measured. 23 If the criterion is profit performance, most of the major Japanese companies compare favorably with leading American firms, and that is where the comparison ends. What is more meaningful is to measure the extent to which the underlying factors have contributed to profit perfonnance in the past, and how they will continue to function in the new socio-economic setting. These underlying factors consist of entrepreneurial...
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...As you may know, different management styles are required in different parts of the world. It is important to choose the right management style for each situation, which is a key to success for an organization. All managers use a management process which consists of planning, organizing, leading and controlling. So they have to perform many roles in an enterprise. What they can do with various situations will totally depend on their style of management. A management style is an overall method of leadership used by a manager (Lessem et al, 1999). This essay will first demonstrate different types of management styles, and then discuss three key factors that can influence management style, with reference to Japan and America. Each of the management style below has its unique features and if they will be well understood and used, they can give scope to maximum effect in the specific field. In daily management, there are usually four management styles. The first is autocratic management style (Wallace et al, 1988) which also called instructive management style. In instructive management style, managers give instructions to the subordinates or teams about what to do, how to do, when to do in every possible way without getting any opinion or suggestion. The management behavior module is: I come to decide what you would do. It might save time when making decisions, but it could lessen the motivation of the staff. Autocratic management style may be suitable in circumstances when a quick...
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...ANCIENT INDIAN MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS & PRACTICES The management of organizations including people management — is turning out to be a challenging task in the present international scenario. As a science, management is developing at a phenomenal pace. The political, economic, and social environments are all changing at an equally rapid speed. “For our purposes the word mythology has two related meanings. Firstly it refers to a collection of myths that together form a mythological system. Thus one can speak of "Egyptian Mythology", "Indian Mythology", "Maori Mythology" or "Greek Mythology". In this sense one is describing a system of myths which were used by a particular society at some particular time in human history. It is also possible to group mythologies in other ways” By Bernard Doyle Myth is subjective truth. Management is about people. Every person has a subjective truth. So connecting the two made sense. Though mythology may seem an odd source to take management reference but Indian Mythology is one of the richest elements of Indian Culture and also has an effect on the individual living in India. So does it affect the Indian managers to deal with situations that they come across. Indian mythology tells us about various Indian management system and practices some of them are:- Improvisation Improvisation means to perform from material and sources available at a particular time without any prior planning. “The only certainty is that nothing is certain” Pliny...
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...Summary: Komatsu Ltd is a Japanese company established in 1921 as a specialized producer of mining equipment that expanded into different types of heavy machinery but would ultimately become associated with construction equipment. Through their journey to become the world’s leading premier construction equipment manufacturer I examine how changes in the industry, domestic markets, and foreign exchange affected the company. I analyze the different strategies, leadership styles, and policies implemented by each leader throughout the years to confirm if their actions supported the overall goal of the company. In my summation I’ve concluded that of the following critical issues the strategy of each president had a major influence on the company’s growth. Critical Issues: Strategic Problem – Nogawa Era focused more on cutting costs and aggressive sales. Management Problem – Nogawa was an autocratic micro-manager whose resistance to change affected the company. Tanaka seemed unsure of himself and needed to have the input of other managers to discuss the company’s future. Operational Problem – Under the Tanaka Era he responded to the competitive crisis before focusing on the larger strategic goal of product diversification and internationalization. Product Problem – Komatsu held a market share of 50% despite the low quality. Product diversification. Financial Problem – Net income dropped 55% in 1987 from 1985. Strategic Problem – Although, he didn’t want to...
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...Running head: MANAGEMENT STYLES THROUGHOUT THE WORLD Management Styles throughout the World Tambra Sullivan Minot State University – BADM 535 Abstract A management style is a leadership method used by a manager. As diverse as cultures are throughout the world, so are management styles. A key value underlying the American business system is reflected in the notion of a never ending quest for improvement. The prevailing question is can it be done better? (Roa, 2010). In other cultures, the strength and power of those in command rest on the premise that the status quo demands stable structure. (Roa, 2010). Researchers debate whether it is organizational or ethnic culture that is predominant. In today’s business environment, Globalization requires different cultures with contrasting management style to work together. This paper will explore management styles throughout the world and analyze their effectiveness. Management Styles throughout the World Management styles are characteristic ways to make decisions and relate to subordinates. The culture of a business may affect the type of management styles that are acceptable to utilize, as well as the nature of the task, the nature of the workforce and the personality and skill set of the leaders. There are an abundance of management styles throughout the world. Management styles in many parts of the world are consistent with their culture. For example, hierarchy societies tend to foster a paternalistic...
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...Traditional Management Styles of the United States versus China Abstract Chinese and Western management styles have varied greatly for many years, but are now beginning to merge. With more and more Western companies opening offices in China, managers are using hybrid styles of management. The combining of Chinese and Western styles of management have helped both companies and managers to become successful. This is due to the positive manager-employee relationships that develop and lead to high job satisfaction. Chinese managers are creating strong relationships and social networks not only within their company, but with other mangers working at different companies throughout the world. Companies that open offices in China often use expatriates to manage employees and set the corporate culture. When using expatriates, companies want to ensure that the very best are sent to work in China. These managers are able to build strong relationships and interact within the Chinese culture and with Chinese managers. The development of combined management styles is what has helped China to become the world’s leader in the current market setting. Traditional Management Styles of the United States versus China Introduction In recent decades, the rapid economic development of Asia is one of the most important events in history. This development continues today, and there is every reason to anticipate that it will continue indefinitely, unless derailed by possible but unlikely...
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...Total Quality Management Total Quality Management (TQM) is a comprehensive and structured approach to organizational management that seeks to improve the quality of products and services through ongoing refinements in response to continuous feedback. TQM requirements may be defined separately for a particular organization or may be in devotion to established standards, such as the International Organization for Standardization's ISO 9000 series. Every organization, both for profit and non-profit, can benefit from Total Quality Management (TQM). One definition for TQM is a management strategy aimed at embedding awareness of quality in all organizational processes. It has been widely used in education, government, manufacturing, and service industries. TQM processes are divided into four chronological categories: plan, do, check, and act (the PDCA cycle). In the planning phase, people define the problem to be addressed, collect relevant data, and discover the problem's root cause. Next in the doing phase, people develop and implement a solution, and decide upon a measurement to gauge its effectiveness. Third is the checking phase, where people prove the results through before-and-after data comparison. The final phase acting is where, people document their results, inform others about process changes, and make recommendations for the problem to be addressed in the next PDCA cycle (Green 2003). The large and growing importance of world trade is a major phenomenon of our time...
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...political system, and management style for doing business with respect to the culture and traditions of the country. Each country can be a real consideration for expanding your business in if the research is done by the business desiring to expand. If the research is not done properly, then without a doubt your business plan to expand will not be productive. Each of these countries it is easy to cause a great enough offense to the host country that it will be virtually impossible to enter into this country and have an effective business. The business must have a market advantage to expand in any country. The host country must feel they have respect and the wellbeing of their country before they will allow a business to enter into their country. A good example of this is when McDonalds entered into China. McDonalds needed to make some serious changes to their menu for the culture in which they intended to setup their business and they had to give certain guarantee’s to China about labor, customs, courtesies, and business involvement for political issues (Thuermer, 1998). A similar business move was required when McDonald’s established their self in England. England required a large amount of the product be produced by England for the product used. This research will look at Brazil, South Korea, and Saudi Arabia for a proposed business plan for implementation, with respect to the culture and how they are different in each country. What type of management style will be used and...
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...comment which was made by Joanne falls perfectly in McClelland’s acquired needs theory because she feels that there are some afflictive managers on board. (pg.223)The expectancy theory for the simple fact that supervisors want each of their employees to strive to be the best being high performers regardless to what they are saying in the meeting room.(pg. 233) Reorganization under the Bureaucratic management means that Betty would perhaps become unimportant as a manager. (pg. 275) If most of her employees are creative this would not be a good management style to use. Autocratic management should only be used for a certain amount of time. If the reorganization is only for a short period of time it would perhaps work using it long term could cause Betty’s employees to become resentful towards her and put in only half of the high performance that they would usually put in towards their work. (pg. 276) However the better management style for Betty to use would be Democratic style because she is preparing them as a group and trying to relive their tension. If she has been trained this style she could pull it off the employees would appreciate the trust that she gives and they can...
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...Twelve O’clock High Leadership and Management styles have played an important role in the learning in Outcome Assessment and Quality Management. In class I have learned the positives and negatives that come from the different leadership styles presented. The movie, Twelve O’clock High, is a film that takes place in 1943 outside Nazi Germany. It depicts the 918th Bomb Group and the problems that they are having. Throughout the movie we are presented with multiple leadership styles from the commanding officers; Colonel Davenport, Brigadier General Savage, and Major General Pritchard of Pine Tree. Through Colonel Davenport, Major General Pritchard, and Brigadier General Savage at the start of the film we can see the distinct difference between their leadership styles. General Davenport shows a high concern for his navigator trying to take blame for a navigation error that was his navigator’s fault. Davenport shows a high concern for his men and a low or medium concern for production lead me to believe middleman management style. General Savage, who seems to have the exact opposite leadership style, is highly task oriented and shows little if any concern for the men of the 918th. Savage has a managerial style mimicking authority compliance. Major General Pritchard shares the same management style as Savage. Shortly after the conversation Davenport is relieved of his duty and Savage is put in control of the 918th. Pritchard and Savage are both men who believe chain of command...
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...I. Mangers or Leaders A. Sister Mary Clarence 1. Sister Mary Clarence is the manager of the singers, and the leader of the nuns a. Manager of the singers 1. Older autocratic style management b. From Management to Leadership Theory Paradigm c. Leader of the Nuns B. Reverend Mother 2. Reverend Mother is the manager of the nuns and later becomes the leader d. Manager of the nuns 2. Older autocratic management style e. From Management to Leadership Theory Paradigm f. Leader of the Nuns II. Leadership Traits A. Openness to Experience 1. After witnessing the execution of Vince’s chauffeur, Delores has to adjust her lifestyle- which drastically differs from her current lifestyle. Transitioning from a glamorized lounge singer, to a nun shows tremendous resolve. (Flexibility) a. Delores runs to the police to report the crime, and L.T. Eddie Souther puts her in a witness protection at St. Catherine’s Convent. She is not receptive at first, however. b. Moves from Nevada to San Francisco. She is faced with a transition that causes her a certain level of dismay. c. Delores is constantly changing her physical appearances and attributes to conform to her environment. From tight alluring club dresses she wore performing, to the nun-attire she wore at the convent. 2. After Delores witnessed the murder of the chauffeur, she has induced the...
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...1. In the case of Retrotonics, Masters’ management style has several features ,such as disrespecting and improper decision-making. Firstly, Masters ignored his subordinates’ feeling which make them embarrassed. For example, the production manager, Lee, who suffered Masters’ criticism in front of other employees(Drew 1998, para 4). Although employees need the evaluation from the manager, they tend to accept the criticism privately. Another factor of Masters’ management style is making decisions in improper ways. According to Drew(1998, para 3), Master set difficult and stressful deadlines for the staff. This is the main reason why employees in engineering apartment are stressed. Therefore, those decisions that Masters made have negative effects on both staff and productivity. 2. There are three management styles are suit for Masters’ situation, in terms of delegating, democratic style and autocratic style. Firstly, delegating which is an important competence for managers. Delegating can avoid to interferes in management. In Masters’ case, Imakito and Lee are experienced and professional in their work. Hence, delegating assignments to them is a method to achieve the business goals effectively. Furthermore, democratic style which encourage employees to share their own opinions and advice is suit for manage the engineering department, because most staff in this department are experts in their work(Hickey et al 2005, pp.27-31). Having more discussions and communication with those...
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...Webster University Michael A. Kirby MNGT 5000 OB S1 2014 Management Spring I Term Paper Date February 27, 2014 Introduction: Bloomberg L.P. is a privately-held financial software, media, and data company. Bloomberg L.P. comprises approximately one third of the $16 billion global financial data market with estimated revenues of $6.9 billion (Shetty, n.p.). Bloomberg L.P. was founded by Michael Bloomberg with the assistance of Thomas Secunda, Duncan MacMillan, and Charles Zegar--with a 30% ownership stake put off by Merrill Lynch--in 1981 (Shetty,n.p.). The company provides financial software tools, such as analytics and an equity trading platform, data services and news to financial companies and organizations around the world through Bloomberg Professional Services--its core revenue-generating service. Bloomberg L.P. has grown to include a global news service, including radio, television, the internet and print publications (Shetty, n.p.). Its CEO during its formative years was Michael Bloomberg who exhibited an generally autocratic style of management. D.L. Rogers Corp. is a company based in Bedford, Texas whose primary business consists of owning 54 franchises of Sonic Corp.--the drive-in restaurants that are common in the U.S. Southeast. At Sonic's eateries--which accounted for $44 million in revenues for D.L. Rogers in 2012 — carhops rollerskate out to serve customers through...
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...Business Foundations Part 1: Human resource management 1. Identify three human resource problems that are evident at the Last Resort Retirement Community? Each problem should be explained in 100 words or less. Approaches to Leadership is an evident Human Resource problem, the CEO of Last Resort’s Community’s participative management style (free-rein style) differed from the newly hired Director Gersick’s autocratic management style. Kerrigan delegated the decision – making authority to levels of management at various points below the top level. This pattern of decentralized organization decision – making was effective when his past Director of Nursing Martha Kane was acting as the informal leader in the nursing home her strong problem solving skill was effective in maintaining morale and professionalism amongst the departments. However, once Martha had left the organization the decision making hierarchy was unclear and with the introduction of a new director along with her centralized decision making philosophy chaos and confusion was created amongst the departments. The current organization chart does not provide a clear understanding the authority level. This was demonstrated during a discussing between Kerrigan and Gersick regarding the performance of a physical therapist. Employee Behaviour is one of the Human resources problems that is evident at the Last Resort, the negative performance behaviours of the department heads and Managers have also resulted in...
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