...Shape class
/** * This is a class that represent any shape. This is the superclass of all shapes. * @author yklam2 * */ public class Shape { private boolean canvas[][]; private int width; private int height; /** * Create an empty shape. */ public Shape() { this(0, 0); } /** * Create a shape with a specific width and height. * @param width The width of this shape. * @param height The height of this shape. */ protected Shape(int width, int height) { this.width = width; this.height = height; canvas = new boolean[height][width]; } /** * Set a pixel * @param row The row of the pixel. * @param column The column of the pixel. */ protected void setPixel(int row, int column) { if(row >=0 && row < height && column >=0 && column < width) canvas[row][column] = true; } /** * Clear a pixel * @param row The row of the pixel. * @param column The column of the pixel. */ protected void clearPixel(int row, int column) { if(row >=0 && row < height && column >=0 && column < width) canvas[row][column] = false; } /** * Get the area of this shape. Area is the number of pixel set in this * @return The area. */ public int getArea() { int area = 0;
shape.
for(boolean [] row: canvas) for(boolean pixel: row) if(pixel) ++area; } return area;
/* (non-Javadoc) * @see java.lang.Object#toString() */ public String toString() { String drawing = ""; for(boolean [] row: canvas) { if(drawing.length() > 0) //...
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...about class file in Java 1. class file in java is generated when you compile .java file using any Java compiler like Sun's javac which comes along JDK installation and can be found in JAVA_HOME/bin directory. 2. class file contains byte codes. byte codes are special platform independent instruction for Java virtual machine. bytecode is not a machine language and mere instruction to JVM. since every machine or processor e.g. INTEL or AMD processor may have different instruction for doing same thing, its left on JVM to translate bytecode into machine instruction and by this way java achieves platform independence. 3. class file of inner class contains $ in there name. So if a Java source file contains two classes, one of them is inner class than java compiler will generate two class file. separate class file for top level and inner class. you can distinguish them by looking at there name. Suppose you have top level class as "Hello" and inner class as "GoodBye" then java compiler will generate two class file: Hello.class Hello$GoodBye.class Hello$GoodBye.class is a class file for inner class. whose name is in format of top-class$inner-class. 4. You can look bytecode of class file using javap command. javap command can also display method and field information from .class file. see my post how to decompile .class file in Java for more details. 5. class file format is subject to change and its changed to support new feature introduced in Java 1.5. In general every java compiler...
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...Programming--Malone Basics of Java Programming (A Work In Progress) What Constitutes a Java Program? A Java program consists of one or more source files. Each source file is called .java, where is the name of the class contained in that source file and .java is the extension that identifies the file as a Java source code file. In general, each source file contains one class. The name of the class must match the name of the file (without the extension) exactly. To execute a Java program, you first need to compile the source code into byte code. Byte code files have the name .class. If you’re working from the shell, this is done using the javac command (where “c” is for compiler). Usually we will be compiling using the Xcode IDE. Once compiled, the program is executed using the Java interpreter (a.k.a. the Java Virtual Machine or JVM). From the shell, the JVM is invoked with the “java” command. Again we will usually be doing this with the Build and Go or Debug options of the Xcode IDE. A Java program must have a routine called main(), which is the starting point for program execution. main() will always look something like this: public static void main (String args[]) { // insert code here... System.out.println("Hello World!"); } Source Code Formatting Keep in mind the following when writing Java source code: Java is case sensitive (“foo”, “Foo”, and “fOO” are all considered to be different in Java). • Every line of code in Java must end in a semi-colon (“;”). • Java doesn’t care about white...
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...Find Odd or Even 18 8. Convert Fahrenheit to Celsius 21 9. Display Date and Time 23 10.Largest of three integers 26 11. Java Programs part 1 28 12. Java Programs part 2 49 13. Java Programs part 3 74 14. Java Programs part 4 102 15. Java Programs part 5 120 16. Java Programs part 6 134 17. Java Interview Questions part 1 161 18. Java Interview Questions part 2 178 “Hello World” is passed as an argument to println method, you can print whatever you want. There is also a print method which doesn’t takes the cursor to beginning of next line as println does. System is a class, out is object of PrintStream class and println is the method. Output of program: Output of program: This code adds two matrix, you can modify it to add any number of matrices. You can create a Matrix class and create it’s objects and then create an add method which sum the objects, then you can add any number of matrices by repeatedly calling the method using a loop. Output of program: Other methods of searching are Linear search and Hashing. There is a binarySearch method in Arrays class which can also be used. binarySearch method returns the location if a match occurs otherwise - (x+1) where x is the no. of elements in the array, For example in the second case above when p is not present in characters array the returned value will be -6. This java program checks if a number is Armstrong or not. Armstrong number is a number which is equal to sum of digits raise to the...
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...MICHAEL OKPARA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, UMUDIKE P.M.B 7267, UMUAHIA, ABIA STATE. A TECHNICAL REPORT ON A SIX MONTHS STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE CARRIED OUT AT ASHPOT MICROSYSTEMS LIMITED, 142 MARKET ROAD ABA. BY ELEANYA IFEANYICHI FAVOUR MOUAU/BSC/10/11/2222 SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (BSc) DEGREE IN COMPUTER SCIENCE. DECEMBER 2013 DECLARATION I ELEANYA IFEANYICHI FAVOUR with the matriculation number MOUAU/BSc/10/11/2222, hereby declare that I underwent six months of industrial training at ASHPOT MICROSYSTEMS LIMITED, 142 market road Aba and that this report is written by me to the best of practical knowledge acquired during the course of the training program. DEDICATION This report is dedicated to God almighty for his grace upon my life and for seeing me through in the course of my industrial training, and to my wonderful family for their tireless support, love, and advice up to this point of academic pursuit. CERTIFICATION We the undersigned hereby certified that ELEANYA IFEANYICHI FAVOUR with the registration number MOUAU/BSC/10/2222, has duly completed her six months Industrial Training at Ashpot Microsystem Limited Aba, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Bachelor of Science (B.Sc...
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...ECLIPSE Eclipse is a community for individuals and organizations who wish to collaborate on commercially-friendly open source software. Its projects are focused on building an open development platform comprised of extensible frameworks, tools and runtimes for building, deploying and managing software across the lifecycle. The Eclipse Project was originally created by IBM in November 2001. The vast majority of Android apps owe their existence to Eclipse. It is an open source IDE (integrated development environment) for Java projects (and more). Basically, the place where the application software is crafted is supported through various stages of its lifecycle. Google officially supports it, and has created the Android Development Tools plug-in for Eclipse and integrated its AVD Manager virtual device management into the tool as well. SDK The Android SDK (software development kit) is a set of development tools used to develop applications for Android platform. The Android SDK includes the following: * Required libraries * Debugger * An emulator * Relevant documentation for the Android application program interfaces (APIs) * Sample source code * Tutorials for the Android OS Every time Google releases a new version of Android, a corresponding SDK is also released. To be able to write programs with the latest features, developers must download and install each version’s SDK for the particular phone. Emulator The emulator lets you prototype, develop and test Android...
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...Contents Weeks 1 to 3 – Creating Your First Java Classes ....................................................................................... 1 Objectives ........................................................................................................................................... 1 Summary ............................................................................................................................................ 1 The Don’ts........................................................................................................................................... 2 Key Terms ........................................................................................................................................... 3 Seatwork............................................................................................................................................. 6 Where to Save Your Files ................................................................................................................. 6 Configuring Windows to Work with the Java SE Development Kit................................................... 6 Your First Application ...................................................................................................................... 8 Adding Comments to a Class ........................................................................................................... 9 Modifying a Class .......................................
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...Question Compile the two test files (BankAccount.java first and then Program2.java second). Execute Program2 with the following inputs: starting balance - $500 (don't enter the dollar sign) monthly interest rate - 0.00125 (this is a 1.5% annual rate) monthly pay - $1000 (don't enter the dollar sign) withdrawal amount - $900 (don't enter the dollar sign) Verify that you earn $0.75 in interest and have an ending balance at the end of the month of $600.75. Then modify the BankAccount class's constructor method to create a BankAccount object which stores a monthly interest when the user inputs an annual interest rate of the format "nnn.nn" (i.e. 1.5). Note that the BankAccount constructor stored a monthly interest rate for the BankAccount object's instance field originally, but the user had to convert the annual rate to a monthly rate (i.e. 1.5 to 0.00125). Then modify the Program2 driver class to prompt the user for an annual interest rate. Recompile both classes and execute the modified Program2 driver class again, this time with following inputs: starting balance - $500 (don't enter the dollar sign) annual interest rate - 1.5 monthly pay - $1000 (don't enter the dollar sign) withdrawal amount - $900 (don't enter the dollar sign) Verify that you still earn $0.75 in interest and still have an ending balance at the end of the month of $600.75 as you did with the original code. Submit only the modified source code...
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....NET & Java Comparsion Activity Zeferino Reyes CSS - 422 December 12, 2011 Nasser Alaeddine .NET & Java Comparison Activity In this written document will focus on the advantages and disadvantages or the use of .NET technology in use compared to the use of JAVA Technology as Software Architecture, (University of Phoenix, 2010, 2009, 2008, 2007, 2006, 2005). .NET technology is the means to “connect” meaning connecting software, people, structures, things like printers, networks, computers, anything one can think of, (Getdotnnu.com, 2004-06). JAVA Technology is known to be adaptable where it can connect computers to networks, mobile phones to the internet, and game consoles such as the new Playstation 3, Xbox 360, and Nintendo Wii to the internet to access web browsing, built in plug in like Netflix to watch movies, and to other consoles for online gaming like the popular shooter Call of Duty. Advantages of .NET technologies are that it has the ability to grab internet servers that web services and tools such as internet apps or anything that can produce these services. One profitable feature of .NET is its ASP.net technologies that allows for the making of additional websites and net services that exist on the .NET infrastructure, (Getdotnu.com, 2004-06). Another powerful advantage of .NET technology is the ASP feature is that it creates construction sites, services and applications and does not require as much coding as the older coding in the beginning...
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...java class loaders http://onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2005/01/26/classloading.html 1. Bootstrap classes: the runtime classes in rt.jar, internationalization classes in i18n.jar, and others. Whenever a new JVM is started by typing java MyMainClass, the "bootstrap class loader" is responsible for loading key Java classes like java.lang.Object and other runtime code into memory first. The runtime classes are packaged inside of theJRE\lib\rt.jar file. 1. Installed extensions: classes in JAR files in the lib/ext directory of the JRE, and in the system-wide, platform-specific extension directory (such as /usr/jdk/packages/lib/ext on the Solaris™ Operating System, but note that use of this directory applies only to Java™ 6 and later). We can store extension libraries, those that provide features that go beyond the core Java runtime code, in the path given by the java.ext.dirs property. The ExtClassLoader is responsible for loading all .jar files kept in the java.ext.dirs path 1. The class path: classes, including classes in JAR files, on paths specified by the system property java.class.path. If a JAR file on the class path has a manifest with the Class-Path attribute, JAR files specified by the Class-Path attribute will be searched also. By default, the java.class.path property's value is ., the current directory. You can change the value by using the -classpath or -cpcommand-line options, or setting the CLASSPATH environment variable. The command-line options override...
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...the blanks) 1. Methods can be defined inside and outside of a class. a) True b) False 2. Variables can be defined inside and outside of a class. a) True b) False 3. Variables can be defined inside and outside of a method. c) True d) False 4. Types defined in the programming language itself are called _____________ types. a) b) c) d) Class Primitive Library All of the above 5. Circle all that apply. Which of the following lines is not a Java comment? a) b) c) d) e) /** comments */ // comments -- comments /* Comments */ ** comments ** 1 6. For each software development concept below indicate whether it applies at design time, runtime, or both. You should circle one letter on each line. The first line is an example. Compiling source files Logic errors Syntax errors a) Design time a) Design time a) Design time b) Runtime b) Runtime b) Runtime c) Both c) Both c) Both 7. Which Java operator is used to access variables and methods belonging to an object? a) b) c) d) e) The [] operator The -> (arrow) operator The _ (underscore) operator The . (dot) operator None of the above 8. Suppose you’ve written a Java class called Quadratic. To create an object variable using that class you should write the following: a) b) c) d) Quadratic equation = Quadratic(); Quadratic() = new Quadratic; Quadratic equation = new Quadratic(); Quadratic equation = new Equation(); 2 B) Fill in the Blanks 9. The Java primitive type ____________ uses 16 bits to store positive and...
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...Read Me First Introduction JAVA™ IS A FULL-FEATURED, GENERAL-PURPOSE PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE WITH MANY CAPABILITIES. IT CAN SERVE AS A STANDALONE LANGUAGE FOR A VARIETY OF APPLICATIONS, INCLUDING DESKTOP AND SOME MOBILE PROGRAMS. THIS COURSE CLOSELY ALIGNS WITH THE ORACLE CERTIFIED ASSOCIATE JAVA™ SE EXAMINATION. Course Overview Week One includes an overview of how programming languages work and an introduction to Java™ and the Java™ Virtual Machine (JVM). The JVM is what enables the same Java™ program to run unchanged on multiple platforms. You learn Java™ syntax by writing a program that compiles and executes. You begin with the simplest programs that display a message to the user; however, the structure that you use carries forward into more complex programs later on. Week Two focuses on two of the most important concepts in programming: selection and repetition. Selection allows you to make a choice between alternatives and determine which block of statements will be executed as a result. Repetition allows the program to repeat a block of code multiple times. This enables you to write programs that can do a lot of processing with very few lines of code. For example, you may want to read all of the records in a data file. With a repetition structure, you can write this in just a few lines. If repetition structures were not available, you would have to write a line of code for every record in the file. In Week Three, you will look at methods and constructors in...
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...Mohammad Doush Mr. Matthew Robert English 103 13 April 2013 Java the Programming Language Computer is very important in our live, we use computer in everywhere on our live. The doctor uses the computer to see file or pictures of his patients. Also, each engineer uses it in many ways of his work. The teacher in the classroom, employees in the offices and student in their study all of them use computer in them daily live. They are not using the mouse, the keyboard or the scream. They are using the applications by them these applications in the computer are like the soul in the body. The only way to build these applications is programming. To program we need to know one of the programming languages which are very similar each other. If you are professional in one of these languages you can be professional in the other language in a short period of time. It is acceptable if you have the same application written with Java once and with C++ or C sharp at the same time. So for this reason you cannot say that a programming language is better than others. There are three types of programming languages procedural, functional and object-oriented languages. The most uses of these languages are object-oriented and one of these languages is Java you can write any application you need using it. Also you can translate any application to its word. The message of the High-Level programming languages such as Algol and Pascal in first programming revolution was...
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...Karel Program decomposition The idea of an algorithm 30 Read: Karel, Chapters 1-3 Read: Karel, Chapters 4-6 October 2 4 Control statements Boolean expressions Introduction to Java Variables, values, and types Classes and objects Arithmetic expressions The Program class hierarchy Read: Java, Chapters 1-2 7 Methods Using parameters Read: Chapter 3 9 More parameters Pseudorandom numbers The RandomGenerator class Read: Chapter 4 Due: Assignment #1 11 Creating classes Stylistic expectations Using javadoc Read: Chapter 5 14 Read: Chapter 6 16 18 Character data The Java String class The acm.graphics package More graphics The collage graphics model Event driven programming Read: Chapter 9.1-9.3 Due: Assignment #2 21 Read: Chapter 9.4 Read: Chapter 10.1–10.4 23 Read: Chapter 8.1-8.4 25 File processing Exception handling String manipulation Objects and memory Problem-solving with strings More on parameter passing Read: Chapter 8.5 Read: Chapter 7 Due: Assignment #3 Read: Chapter 12.4 –2– Monday 28 Arrays and ArrayList 30 Arrays and ArrayList (continued) Wednesday Friday November 1 Belated midterm recovery day (No class) Read: Chapter 11.1-11.8 Tuesday, October 29th 7:00-9:00pm: Midterm 4 6 Debugging strategies Java collections framework The HashMap class Iterators Object-oriented design Read: Chapter 13 13 Component listeners Data structure design 8 Swing interactors The JComponent hierarchy Action listeners Due: Assignment #4...
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... Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Tugas Personal ke-1 Minggu 2 Review Questions: 1. Java source filename extension is “.java”, and the Java bytecode filename extension is ".class" 2. Java is case sensitive? Java distinguish between uppercase and lowercase. The case for Java keywords, such as "String", “string”, "Int", “int”, etc, are different. 3. There is no effect on runtime performance between: a. Import java.util.Scanner; b. Import java.util.*; The facts are: • There is no runtime cost from using an import statement • The compilation process can take a little more time with an import statement • The compilation process can take even more time with a wildcard import statement • For improved readability, wildcard import statements are bad practice for anything but throwaway classes • The compilation overhead of non-wildcard import statements are minor, but they give readability benefits so best practice is to use them 4. Pseudo-code and flowchart to create: a. an algorithm to calculate a triangle area [pic] b. an algorithm to change second into hour and minute unit [pic] 5. Describe and give example for each method of String a. contains The java string contains() method searches the sequence of characters in this string. It returns true if sequence of...
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