...Estimating the Costs of a Reengineering Project Harry M. Sneed Anecon GmbH, Vienna Austria Institut für Wirtschaftsinformatik, University of Regensburg, Bavaria Email: Harry.Sneed@T-Online.de Abstract: Accurate estimation of project costs is an essential prerequisite to making a reengineering project. Existing systems are usually reengineered because it is cheaper to reengineer them than to redevelop or to replace them. However, to make this decision, management must know what the reengineering will cost. This contribution describes an eight step tool supported process for calculating the time and the costs required to reengineer an existing system. The process is derived from the author’s 20 year experience in estimating reengineering projects and has been validated by several real life field experiments in which it has been refined and calibrated. Keywords: Reengineering, cost estimation, risk analysis, software measurement, gap analysis. It has been 15 years since the first studies on the economics of software reengineering projects appeared and since then a great deal of research has been done and a wide range of practical experience gathered.[1] At that time, reengineering projects were being calculated on the basis of the size alone, without consideration of complexity and quality. In the meantime, we have learned a lot more about how the complexity and quality of the software effect reengineering costs. The topic of estimating the costs of...
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...10 Steps to Become an Outstanding Java Developer If you are a Java developer and passionate about technology, you can follow these ten points which could make you an outstanding Java developer. 1. Have strong foundation and understanding on OO Principles For a Java developer, having strong understanding on Object Oriented Programming is a must. Without having a strong foundation on OOPS, one can't realize the beauty of an Object Oriented Programming language like Java. If you don't have good idea on what OOPS is, even though you are using OOP language you may be still coding in procedural way. Just studying OO principle definitions won't help much. We should know how to apply those OO principles in designing a solution in OO way. So one should have a strong knowledge on Object modeling, Inheritance, Polymorphism, Design Patterns. 2. Master the core APIs It doesn't matter how strong you are in terms of theoretical knowledge if you don't know the language constructs and core APIs. In case of Java, one should have very strong hands-on experience with core APIs like java.lang.*, I/O, Exceptions, Collections, Generics, Threads, JDBC etc. When it comes to Web application development, no matter which framework you are using having strong knowledge on Servlets, JSPs is a must. 3. Keep coding Things look simpler when talking about them theoretically. We can give a solution to a problem very easily in theory. But we can realize the depth of the problem when we start implementing...
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...Concordion 1. Who (company or individual) developed the tool? What is the cost to the tool user? How do you acquire it? Concordion was developed by David Peterson, an agile consultant from London, UK. While working at Easynet in 2006, the idea was formed with testers and developers Nat Pryce and Steve Freeman. Concordion was then later ported and improved upon by several developers, specifically Nigel Charman, the designer of the Concordion Extensions API. The Concordion tool is available for free at concordion.org/Download.html. 2. What testing purpose does the tool serve? (i.e., what problem does it attempt to solve? How does it improve productivity?) Concordion is an open source tool that is used for the automation of Specification by Example. Using simple HTML, developers can create concrete examples in any specifications with certain commands. This allows for Concordion to check the examples against a real-life system. The specifications allow for complete cover of any behavior important to a customer. Based on this, specifications can be used as unit tests. Concordion specifications are also clear and readable so they can also serve as system documentation. This means a project’s specifications can be easy to understand for the development team, as well as anyone outside it. This would ultimately allow for a better maintenance of software quality as the software can be reviewed as a group effort. 5. What do you need to do in order to use the tool? There...
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...One of the most use programming languages used today is known as Java. The inspiration behind the programming language goes back to the languages such as C and C++. The Java developers saw how the C++ programming language tends to get bogged down and may have many bugs within the code. Even more importantly, C++ developers had to we write the same C++ programs again for compatibility with different operating systems. Java developers came together to figure out a way to make a programming language that is portable but yet powerful and robust. In 1991, the company called Sun Microsystems developed the programming language that was called Oak as in an oak tree that stood out the office window, but it was quickly renamed Java before the programming language was officially released. Later, the company called Oracle had now taken ownership of the Java programming language. “Write once run anywhere” is a very popular phrase that the Java developers created. The greatest benefit is that the Java programming language can be compiled once and ran on Windows operating system, UNIX, as well as Mac operating systems without having to rewrite the program for each operating system. They achieved the write once run anywhere ability by using what is called a Java virtual machine or JVM. Having that Java developers created the JVM makes it much easier to have more secure programs created as well as being more bug free than programs that was created with other programming languages. ...
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...Advantages and Disadvantages of Java v. .NET University of Phoenix CSS/422 .NET and Java There is no shortage of definitions for software architecture but in a general sense it is the blueprint for a system, its properties and the relationships among all of the elements. It specifies all of the actions to be taken by the design and implementations teams. There are various differences between .NET and Java Technology so there are certainly advantages and disadvantages to using one or the other as software architecture. The choice, however, depends on the scope of the project and the skill of the design team. Both .NET and Java have platforms that offer a good solid foundation for project design. Java Technology is the choice of many developers because of its work-saving features and ease of use. “.NET and web services are tightly integrated and it is easier to create a basic web service in .NET” (Ranck, 2002). Advantages A major advantage of .NET is that it allows for the use of multiple languages and horizontal scalability. This feature makes it an ideal choice by developers for software architecture if they want to write programs in C++, Java or Virtual Basic because it provides a unified environment in which to work. It is easily developed and supported. Unfortunately, the same cannot be said for Java which is limited to use with the Java programming language only. Another advantage of .NET is that the interface is easily...
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...Patents are meant to protect developers, inventors, and companies from lawsuits and from competitors stealing designs. They are also sometimes used for ill means, such as increasing revenue or to take down the competition a couple of notches. With advances in software development came lawsuits between developers for patents on processes of code, some are legitimate but many are so generalist that anyone with skill attempting to develop in the same language cannot avoid violating the patent. If the product resulting from this is highly successful then it is likely that the company with the patent, of which they sometimes own thousands of patents, will sue over the rights for awards sometimes in the millions of dollars. Many of these lawsuits are held in Eastern Texas because of the favorable outcome likely to the patent holder. On top of the cost to the successful developer there is also the public reputation loss to take into account. Would you buy a product if you believed that that product was stolen intellectual property? Thus in one blow large companies take aim as much for the other companies reputation with bad press as it does for money. Sometimes the company holding the patent did not even develop the product that he patent is covering. One such battle is currently being fought. Oracle is suing Google for patent violations that they acquired by purchasing Sun. Prior to this recent purchase Oracle had very little to do with Java, the programming language that the patent...
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...information to share. The basic Web site is built with HTML, and then creatively enhanced with CSS. To create a visually expressive Web site that can attract thousands of visitors each day you need to use more than HTML and decide what the site contains. There are different languages that can be used to add a sense of style to your site, some of the possible devices are JavaScript, Java, DOM, and AJAX. In the following paper our team will discuss a few examples of how each can be used in Web development. Comparison of Java and JavaScript Java and JavaScript are both object-oriented languages (Burns, 2012). Knowing how to use one language often becomes confusing when attempting to learn the other. Some of the differences between the two are that Java applets can create stand-alone applications that work across platforms running as standalone programs. However, JavaScript cannot create these stand-alone applications and reside on an Internet browser. A programmer must compile Java code before the program can run. This requires an outside program just to compile the code. A compiler turns Java code into machine language code before a browser can interpret it. Any changes the programmer makes to the code will require him to recompile the program and this can be a real tedious act to commit over and over. A web designer can write JavaScript functions directly in a text editor, saving the file and upload it to the server for immediate execution or using an editor like Adobe...
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...platform comprised of extensible frameworks, tools and runtimes for building, deploying and managing software across the lifecycle. The Eclipse Project was originally created by IBM in November 2001. The vast majority of Android apps owe their existence to Eclipse. It is an open source IDE (integrated development environment) for Java projects (and more). Basically, the place where the application software is crafted is supported through various stages of its lifecycle. Google officially supports it, and has created the Android Development Tools plug-in for Eclipse and integrated its AVD Manager virtual device management into the tool as well. SDK The Android SDK (software development kit) is a set of development tools used to develop applications for Android platform. The Android SDK includes the following: * Required libraries * Debugger * An emulator * Relevant documentation for the Android application program interfaces (APIs) * Sample source code * Tutorials for the Android OS Every time Google releases a new version of Android, a corresponding SDK is also released. To be able to write programs with the latest features, developers must download and install each version’s SDK for the particular phone. Emulator The emulator lets you prototype, develop and test Android applications without using a physical device. The Android emulator mimics all of the hardware and software features of a typical mobile device, except that it cannot place actual phone calls...
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...Yung Cheng 2324 Ravenhurst Dr. Plano, TX 75025 OBJECTIVE: Project leader / manager position in software development, information technology. EDUCATION: 2006 MBA, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas 1996. MS in Computer Science, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta TECHNICAL SKILLS: J2EE Framework, JAVA, JSP, C/C++, UNIX Shell scripts, JavaScript, JDBC, XML web service, Struts MIDDLEWARES: WEBLOG, , STRUTS, CORBA for JAVA and C++, EJB, WLI. WORKING EXPERIENCES: 1996.12 – 1997.7: Concerto Software, Software Engineer Developed software systems for large telephone centers including the development of a Flex Server for Meridian One Switch that enables agents to transfer inbound or outbound calls according to real-time statistics. 1997.7 – current: Verizon Corporation, Member Technical Staff • Local Number Portability (1997), Major Developer, Participated in planning, designing and implementing the LNP application that allows customer to change their local phone service carriers without changing their phone number • Advanced IP Services Ordering System (1998) Participated in planning, designing and implementing the web-based ordering system that allows retail customers to order Verizon IP services (VOIP, FaxOIP, Unify messaging) from internet. Was responsible for server side DB and architecture design and implementation. • Verizon Supply Interface (1999) Participated...
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...MICHAEL OKPARA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, UMUDIKE P.M.B 7267, UMUAHIA, ABIA STATE. A TECHNICAL REPORT ON A SIX MONTHS STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE CARRIED OUT AT ASHPOT MICROSYSTEMS LIMITED, 142 MARKET ROAD ABA. BY ELEANYA IFEANYICHI FAVOUR MOUAU/BSC/10/11/2222 SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (BSc) DEGREE IN COMPUTER SCIENCE. DECEMBER 2013 DECLARATION I ELEANYA IFEANYICHI FAVOUR with the matriculation number MOUAU/BSc/10/11/2222, hereby declare that I underwent six months of industrial training at ASHPOT MICROSYSTEMS LIMITED, 142 market road Aba and that this report is written by me to the best of practical knowledge acquired during the course of the training program. DEDICATION This report is dedicated to God almighty for his grace upon my life and for seeing me through in the course of my industrial training, and to my wonderful family for their tireless support, love, and advice up to this point of academic pursuit. CERTIFICATION We the undersigned hereby certified that ELEANYA IFEANYICHI FAVOUR with the registration number MOUAU/BSC/10/2222, has duly completed her six months Industrial Training at Ashpot Microsystem Limited Aba, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Bachelor of Science (B.Sc...
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...keywords. The keywords are used to build the language; while the functions are simpler tasks that with every C++ program having one service and the main program because it is always used first when a program's executed. Perl Mason is the framework for generating dynamic text and is very useful for creating sophisticated websites. Mason is operated by embedding Perl into text and is popular for creating a web page. Java is the source of most application networked, it is implemental in delivering embedded and mobile apps, games, and web-based content and enterprise software. Java enables you to develop efficiently, deploy and use apps and services. Businesses use it for providing more services and boosts productivity and communication. Java will also allow developers to write software on one platform and have it run on any other. You can create programs that are compatible with web browsers and web services and can combine apps to contribute to creating customized apps. Developers use Java to write powerful and efficient apps for mobile devices and remote processors. Java works well with Oracle. JBoss is an open source alternative to IBM WebSphere,...
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...java class loaders http://onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2005/01/26/classloading.html 1. Bootstrap classes: the runtime classes in rt.jar, internationalization classes in i18n.jar, and others. Whenever a new JVM is started by typing java MyMainClass, the "bootstrap class loader" is responsible for loading key Java classes like java.lang.Object and other runtime code into memory first. The runtime classes are packaged inside of theJRE\lib\rt.jar file. 1. Installed extensions: classes in JAR files in the lib/ext directory of the JRE, and in the system-wide, platform-specific extension directory (such as /usr/jdk/packages/lib/ext on the Solaris™ Operating System, but note that use of this directory applies only to Java™ 6 and later). We can store extension libraries, those that provide features that go beyond the core Java runtime code, in the path given by the java.ext.dirs property. The ExtClassLoader is responsible for loading all .jar files kept in the java.ext.dirs path 1. The class path: classes, including classes in JAR files, on paths specified by the system property java.class.path. If a JAR file on the class path has a manifest with the Class-Path attribute, JAR files specified by the Class-Path attribute will be searched also. By default, the java.class.path property's value is ., the current directory. You can change the value by using the -classpath or -cpcommand-line options, or setting the CLASSPATH environment variable. The command-line options override...
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...Computer Science What is java? Java is an object-oriented language, which is a type of programming in which programmers define both the data type of a data structure and the type of operations that can be applied to the data structure. There are more languages that are object-oriented for example C++ and Pascal. Java is very similar to C++ but has been simplified to eliminate language features that cause common errors in the program. Java was designed to be like C++ but easier to use so it had the ‘look and feel’ but simpler to use Java is commonly used foundations for developing and delivering content on the web. There are more than 9 million Java developers world-wide and more than 3 billion phones run on java. Java can be used to create complete applications that may run on a single computer or be distributed among servers and the clients in a network. Another use of java is it can be used to build a small application module or more commonly known as an applet for use as part of a web page. This allows interaction with the page. What is IDE? Integrated development environment (IDE) is a programming environment integrated into a software application that provides a GUI (Graphical User Interface) builder, text or code editor, a complier (this analyses and executes each line of source code (look below for a diagram)) and/or interpreter (This executes instructions written in a high level language (Java, C++, etc.) and a debugger (This is a program that finds errors...
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...Unit 1 research assignment 1 1970’s 1) Pascal, Creator, Niklaus Wirth. The specific motivation behind this language was to encourage good programming practice using structured programming and data structuring. 2) SQL (Structured Query Language) designed by, Donald D. Chamberlin, and Raymond F. Boyce. The motivation behind this language was designed for managing data held in a relational database management system. ( RDBMS) 3) C, Designed by Dennis Ritchie. the motivation behind this language is structured programming and allows lexical variable scope and recursion. 4) Applesoft BASIC, developed by Marc McDonald, and Ric Weiland. The motivation with this language was it was designed to be backwards-compatible with integer BASIC and used the core of Microsoft’s 6502 BASIC implementation. 5) GRASS, Developed by Thomas A. DeFanti. GRASS is similar to BASIC in sytax, but added numerous instructions for specifying 2D object animation, including scaling, translation, rotation and color changes over time. 1980’s 1) BASICA, Designed by Thomas E. Kurtz. Designed to offer support for the graphics and sound hardware of the IBM PC line. 2) Turbo Pascal, developed by Borland, under Philippe Kahn’s leadership. This is a software development system that includes a compiler and an integrated development environment for the Pascal programming language. 3) C++, designed by Bjarne Stroustrup. This is a general purpose programming language that is free-form...
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...Microsoft6/6/2011Rev 1.0 | | Windows Phone 7 Guide for Android Application Developers | | About this Document 4 Target Audience 4 Conventions Used in this Document 4 Chapter 1: Introducing Windows Phone 7 Platform to Android Application Developers 5 The Developer Tools 5 Windows Phone 7 Architecture 5 Comparing the Programming Stack of Windows Phone 7 with Android 7 Summary 11 Related Resources 11 Chapter 2: User Interface Guidelines 12 Designing the Application Interface 13 Application User Interface Design 14 Comparing Windows Phone 7 and Android Navigation 18 Windows Phone 7 Frame and Page Structure 19 Application Templates 21 Summary 21 Related Resources 21 Chapter 3: The Developer and Designer Tools 23 A Comparison of Android and Windows Phone 7 Tools 23 Development Life Cycle and Windows Phone 7 Developer Tools 24 The UI Design Tools 26 Building Applications 33 Debugging 34 Summary 38 Chapter 4: C# programming 39 Managed Programming 40 A Comparison between C# Features and Java Classes 41 A Comparison of Important Class Libraries 51 The New features of C# 54 Comparing API Documentation Tools 58 NDoc 58 NDocs vs. Javadoc 61 Summary 61 Related Resources 62 Chapter 5: A Comparison of Application Life Cycles in Windows Phone 7 and Android 63 Multitasking in Android and Windows Phone 7 63 Tombstoning of Applications in Windows Phone 7 64 Life Cycle of a Windows Phone 7 Application...
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