A chromosome is a structure of DNA, protein, and RNA found in cells. It is a single piece of coiled DNA containing many genes, regulatory elements and other nucleotide sequences.
Gregor Mendel
-An Austrian monk who gained posthumous fame as the founder of the new science of genetics.

Genetics
-The branch of biology that deals with heredity, especially the mechanisms of hereditary transmission and the variation of inherited characteristics among similar or related organisms.

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecule that encodes the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and many viruses.

Ribonucleic acid (RNA)
Is a ubiquitous family of large biological molecules that perform multiple vital roles in the coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes.
Nucleotides
-are organic molecules that serve as the monomers, or subunits, of acids like DNA and RNA.

Mendel's research was with plants, the basic underlying principles of heredity that he discovered also apply to people and other animals because the mechanisms of heredity are essentially the same for all complex life forms.
Heredity
-is the passing of traits to offspring from its parents or ancestor. Through heredity, variations exhibited by individuals can accumulate and cause some species to evolve.

With all of the seven pea plant traits that Mendel examined, one form appeared dominant over the other, which is to say it masked the presence of the other allele. For example, when the genotype for pea seed color is YG (heterozygous), the phenotype is yellow. However, the dominant yellow allele