...Jim Crow Laws started in the 1880s and were made to segregate African American and whites in many southern states. In 1896 “the court ruling of Plessy v. Ferguson” made segregation legal in public places. “Schools, restrooms, restaurants, public transportation, water fountains”, and many more were segregated between blacks and whites. Public transportation was a big deal because it got people to work, school, or wherever their destination was. On buses “blacks were not allowed to sit in the front” because it was a sign of disrespect towards a white person. Rosa Parks’ bravery to sit in the front of the bus after a long day at work was the start of a Bus Boycott. Blacks stopped riding the buses because they wanted the same rights that the whites...
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...Discriminatory is the best way to describe Jim Crow Laws. Though Jim Crow Laws originally proposed separate, but equal, communities for people of different skin tones, they instead turned into “a system of laws and customs that imposed racial segregation and discrimination on African Americans from the end of the Civil War until the 1950s” (“Jim Crow Movement”). Jim Crow Laws were more commonly enforced in the South as opposed to the North. One aspect of the Laws was used to prevent colored men from using the same bus, restaurant, and even bathroom as white men. Another aspect was to stop colored men from voting, often beating them and harassing them if they attempted. The term ‘Jim Crow’ originated from “a white minstrel dance show entitled...
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...After the Reconstruction era, African American gains voting rights and full citizenship. Many former slaves saw the opportunity of freedom and equality. On the contrary, African Americans lost many of the rights gained from the Reconstruction era. The Jim Crow law was a system of government racial oppression and segregation in the United States (The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow). Jim Crow was a series of strict anti-black laws, preventing blacks the right to vote, separation in public transit as well as facilities. For example, in 1905, Georgia established separate parks for blacks and whites (Pilgrim, Dr. David). Blacks were denied the right to vote by grandfather clauses, poll taxes, and literacy test. “In 1896, Louisiana had 130,334 registered...
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...Research Paper Dishmon 1 Dorian Dishmon Mrs. Sanford Language Arts February 19, 2016 Racial Profiling Racial profiling is a practice used knowingly and unknowingly in police departments, airport systems, and many other agencies worldwide. Racial profiling refers to the targeting of particular individuals based not on their behavior, but rather their personal characteristics, a person's race, ethnicity, or religion. Background of racial profiling The term racial profiling is relatively new term. Law enforcement agencies have...
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...The exploration of the Archives last week in the library allowed me to take a walk into the past of UMass student activism. However what struck me and made an interconnection was what I need to focus on and that being my capstone paper. While spending time in Amsterdam and looking at Northern European policies around incarceration rates I wanted to compare the two countries. Unsure of what I wanted to research in the archives, and how this trip could later develop into another paper I needed to write, I started to piece things together as I began to recall articles read over the last two semesters in STPEC in order to bridge together the bigger picture of social and economic injustices impacting communities of color and working class populations....
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...In most cases, in addition to these customs, segregation rules and laws were established. Governments have also endorsed the extermination (ethnic cleansing) of entire classes or races of people. Racism is devastating to a country and its culture. Racism causes tremendous moral, cultural, and economic suffering to a country. When the seeds of hatred and ethnocentrism are planted and fostered in society, it negatively affects every area of life. In a relevant example, white supremacy in America extends over centuries, and even the abolition of slavery could not end racism. Instead, it permeated throughout society in other ways in a racial caste system known as Jim Crow. More than a set of laws, it was a way of life that kept people of color from exercising their rights as full citizens. Jim Crow sent a message that whites were superior to other races, particularly the black race, in all ways, including behavior, intelligence, morality, and social status. The laws were so pervasive that they regulated every aspect of life, including socialization, sexual relations, marriage, housing education, entertainment, use of public facilities, and voting rights. Those that took a stand against white supremacy risked threats, intimidation, violence, and murder. Legalized racism from the federal government continued in the United States until the late 1960s; however, states continue to pass racially discriminatory laws. (See my Hub entitled "The Current Status of Black America.") ...
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...Professor Chris Bickel SOC 461, 462 Senior Project Social Sciences Department College of Liberal Arts CALIFORNIA POLYTECHNIC STATE UNIVERSITY June, 2012 © 2012 Nichole Griffith Table of Contents Research Proposal ............................................................................................................................1 Annotated Bibliography ...................................................................................................................2 Outline..............................................................................................................................................6 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................7 Research ..........................................................................................................................................8 Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................29 Bibliography .................................................................................................................................31 Research Proposal The goal of my research is to expose the racism in the criminal justice system that is so hidden. I want to show how racism contributes to the huge number of incarcerated African Americans. The criminal justice system creates and perpetuates...
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...their voice is stronger and they tend to get more attention than an individual asking for a change in the world. For a community organization to succeed it will need a good community organizer who will make plans on how to keep the voice of the group be heard and be noticed by those in the power. In this paper, I will not be limited to community organization but I will also be talking about prejudice and the ranges of prejudice we have in this world. We have our prejudices against people that are old, people from different race and people from different culture. History tells us how prejudice can affect someone’s ideas and how in the past it affected the lives of our ancestors. Psychology books and history books have been talking about how people are being subject to prejudice yet today there are still people out there that remains to be victims of prejudice. Prejudice is one issued that our people in the past have been trying to win over and one of the examples that we have was the story of the Jim Crow era when Reconstruction was introduced. This era signify the change of relationship between the white people of the south and the freed Negros from the area. The Jim Crow era symbolizes how the whites felt threaten by the power of the black people hence they did everything they can to make sure that the blacks remain...
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...Assignment 1.2: Research Paper THE EFFECTS OF INDUSTRIALIZATION AFTER THE CIVIL WAR Renee Whaley History 105: Contemporary U.S History Professor Michael Dixon February 7, 2016 The Effects of Industrialization after the Civil War Introduction This paper will focus on the industrialization period that followed the civil war and the effects it had on the society, economy, and politics. This paper will also touch on three different groups affected by this period known as the industrial age. Finally, this paper will look at the daily life of an average working American and how it was affected by the industrial age. Society, Economics, and Politics The Industrial Age (better known as the Industrial Revolution) had an affect on nearly every aspect of the American life. This included its society, its economy, and its politics. From the north down on through the south and eventually to the west, society changed through the Industrial Revolution. The north saw more of an ideal lifestyle. Factories and a surplus of jobs created more opportunities for people and as a result, many began to move towards the north in search for a better lifestyle. As population grew, housing became a problem. Companies would build housing close to factories so its employees could walk to work but poor building codes saw companies taking advantage of this. Plumbing became obsolete, the water system became polluted, and diseases would often sweep through the tenements. In the south, the...
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...Shawnta Morris CJE 101-01 Research Paper October1, 2013 Racial Profiling and the Effects it has on Blacks in the Criminal Justice System. Some people wonder what is racial profiling. Racial profiling deals with miss-education, slavery, and incarceration. Since the beginning of slavery African Americans have suffered due to their identity. Racial profiling deals with selecting a person for their complaint of a specific racial group. The main reason in advocating racial profiling in the background of criminal study can enlarge the possibility of arresting criminals. Paul Bou-Habib stated, “If the rate at which members of a specific racial group commits a crime is higher than that of other criminals will be caught if the police concentrate their efforts on investigating members of the racial group in question?” (2011, p.34). It is injustice, when police officers, political officials, and judges have learned how to automatically have a racist attitude towards blacks. For example, my friend was in McDonald’s parking lot and he was in the process of switching seats with his friend because he was exhausted of driving. While leaving the parking lot, the officer had pulled them over because he seen a black guy get out of his car and thought something seemed suspicious. The officer implied that my friend did not use his right turning signal. The term “driving while black has been used to describe the practice of law enforcement officials to stop African-American drivers without probable...
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...For my research paper I have chosen to focus on the civil rights movement. The reason I decided to focus on this topic is because the civil rights movement in my opinion one of the most important movements in history. In my paper I would like to analyze and demonstrate the length of time it took for this movement to be achieved. By analyzing this movement readers will be more conscious about the effort, commitment, and sacrifices people were willing to make to make sure future generations would benefit from equal treatment. Most people know the broad scope of the civil rights movement. Particularly people refer to the civil rights as the movement that secured African Americans with equal access to and opportunities for the basic privileges and rights of U.S. citizenship (according to the constitution, and federal law). What people might not be aware of is that it took many small achievements before reaching this victory. To continue I also want to focus on what happens after a social movement, what has changed (good or bad) after the civil rights movement was passed. In order to answer my question I will use secondary sources such as scholarly journals acquired from CSULB library database and hope to also find a few primary sources like newspaper articles written during this time....
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...America has become one of the most diverse and wealthiest countries in the world. Although the United States is wealthy, not all individuals have benefited from that wealth. Throughout society, African American communities have become marginalized, with areas of poverty, high crime rates, discrimination and few opportunities for advancement. These areas are often locations where racial and cultural minorities live. Racial disparities exist within the criminal justice system and have shown many problems of inequality between the white and black race. In addition to having inequality within the criminal justice system, the criminals also have impacted their family members in different ways due to being incarcerated. The media has misrepresented African Americans by emphasizing African Americans participating in crimes while ignoring crimes committed by whites. People in society are assuming that only black people commit crimes, which is unfair because the incidences of people committing crimes are about equal between the races. Racial disparity favors white people over black people in the criminal justice system. Therefore, society must reevaluate the way society portrays who commits crimes, and where they are committed. Throughout many decades of history, black people had been discriminated against and treated as second class citizens in American society, even though they participated equally in the workforce. Discrimination has happened from slavery until present times. For...
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...racial profiling in the background of criminal study can enlarge the possibility of arresting criminals. Paul Bou-Habib stated, “If the rate at which members of a specific racial group commits a crime is higher than that of other criminals will be caught if the police concentrate their efforts on investigating members of the racial group in question?” (2011, p.34). It is not right when police officers, political officials, and judges make decisions based on predetermined racist and some would say ignorant beliefs. For example, my friend was in McDonald’s parking lot and he was in the process of switching seats with his friend because he was exhausted of driving. . The term “driving while black has been used to describe the practice of law enforcement officials to stop African-American drivers without probable cause” (Weatherspoon, 2004). This is one of the leading minority men are pulled over in their vehicle. Which usually leads to a unwarranted stop and either summons or sometime even arrest depending on the situation. To make matters worse, once the individual is unjustly cited or arrested its almost impossible to fight the case. The justice system usually sides with the officer. Currently, the mis-education of children in our school systems has played a huge part in this problem. Racist beliefs are an acquired trait. No one...
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... and a Call to Action for America's Black Youth By Carl L. Young An Alternative Plan Paper Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science In Sociology: Corrections Minnesota State University, Mankato Mankato, Minnesota Spring 2013 Final Draft 4/20/2013 1 This Alternative Plan Paper has been examined and approved by the following members of the Examining Committee. _____________________ Dr. Leah Rogne, Advisor _____________________ Dr. William Wagner _____________________ Dr. Penny Jo Rosenthal _____________________ Dr. Nadarajan Sethuraju ________________ Date 2 A bstract This alternative plan paper examines the circumstances that have evolved as a incarceration of the Black community. In the last thirty years, the federal government of the United States of America has engaged in camp which has involved a variety of policies to stop the production, distribution and sale of illegal narcotics. Hundreds of billions of dollars have been spent in a war that has targeted the most vulnerable in our society, impacting its youth for generations to come. This alternative plan paper addresses the impact of the War on Drugs and the criminal justice policies that have impacted...
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...which can cause the society and the neighborhoods around the areas to become unsafe. Alexander discusses how there is no way around this issue and dismantling the system of mass incarceration is the only resolution; however if these poor neighborhoods were funded with government money, drug abuse can potentially become lower or even be stopped. Alexander is also discussing how a handful of reforms cannot be a solution to the problem. She argues that all the financial grants that are given to police departments for drug arrests and racial profiling should be halted. She believes that by halting the funding and supplies of mass incarceration are only scratching the surface of social reform. She believes there must be a change in the culture of law enforcement. By stopping mass incarceration Alexander believes that, that is the first step in racial integration. The costs of stopping mass incarceration are high for the government and prison systems. By stopping their reimbursements, drug related crimes may...
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