...that he started teaching, and that was the beginning of his alcoholism. Their life got more and more hectic from here on. Carver was even hospitalized for alcoholism four times. It was during the first hospitalization that Carver’s first collection of short stories: “Will You Please Be Quiet, Please”. Eventually Carver and Burk were divorced in 1982, which lead to Carver’s second marriage with poet Tess Gallagher, even though that had been living together for a long time before the divorce. He married Gallagher in 1988 just two weeks before his death. After having met Gallagher he never touched alcohol again. Carver became interested in writing in California, where he had moved with his family because his mother-in-law had a home nearby. Carver attended a creative writing course that was taught by the novelist John Gardner. John Gardner became a mentor and had a major influence on Raymond Carver's life and career. The first story Carver...
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...adaptation to one's environment. Although the phrase "problem solving" is not always found, the concept of "adaptation" or "ability to adapt", a central concept in many definitions (Binet & Simon, 1909 (cited in Terman, 1916); Boynton, 1933; Colvin, 1921; French, 1962; Piaget, 1981; Pintner, 1921; Stern, 1914; Wechsler, 1941 ), implies that individuals encounter situations (problems) to which they must devise ways of reacting. Thus, they are solving problems. Later theorists and researchers revised these general concepts of "adaptation" by adding the idea of adapting to the cultural as well as the biological environment (Laboratory of Comparative Human Cognition, 1982_; Goodnow, 1976; Charlesworth, 1976; Olson, 1976; Ne1sser, 1976; Gardner, 1983). In an introduction to an edited book on conceptions of intelligences, Sternberg & Salter (1982) suggest "goal-directed adaptive behavior" (p. 3) as a definition that fits the body of ideas and research included in their book. Others (Spearman, 1927; Terman, 1921; Dehn & Schank, 1982) refer to the capacity to integrate information and experience or to do "abstract...
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...[pic] 2009 Submitted by: Saurabh Kumar saurabhkumar.in@gmail.com +91 9764 88 3889 Project: Athavaya A complimentary plug-in module for class 5 Introduction “Education is the manifestation of the perfection already in man.” – Swami Vivekananda This project is intended to bring in light the scope to illustrate ways in which our school education stands and in which direction it should develop. It is not intended to be a coherent historical survey of this field, nor can it claim to be a balanced selection from theorists of current influence and future pathways. For this reason it seems useful here to clarify the lines of thought developed in the contents of this proposal, so that the reader can appreciate the context in which we must put our strategies and sincere efforts. An actual situation will be explored and real life experiences will be taken in, as well as problems, which might be thought more intrinsic to formulation of aims, content, methods (and so on) of a particular primary school education system. In the proposal I wish to create the context, take it through the framework of reasoning the context, bringing out relevance and defining the objective and the way to meet...
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...Introduction Jean Piaget Jean Piaget (1896-1980) was a biologist who originally studied molluscs (publishing twenty scientific papers on them by the time he was 21) but moved into the study of the development of children's understanding, through observing them and talking and listening to them while they worked on exercises he set. His view of how children's minds work and develop has been enormously influential, particularly in educational theory. His particular insight was the role of maturation (simply growing up) in children's increasing capacity to understand their world: they cannot undertake certain tasks until they are psychologically mature enough to do so. His research has spawned a great deal more, much of which has undermined the detail of his own, but like many other original investigators, his importance comes from his overall vision. He proposed that children's thinking does not develop entirely smoothly: instead, there are certain points at which it "takes off" and moves into completely new areas and capabilities. He saw these transitions as taking place at about 18 months, 7 years and 11 or 12 years. This has been taken to mean that before these ages children are not capable (no matter how bright) of understanding things in certain ways, and has been used as the basis for scheduling the school curriculum. Whether or not should be the case is a different matter. Piaget's stage theory describes the cognitive development of children. Cognitive development involves...
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...Proceeding for the School of Visual Arts Eighteenth Annual National Conference on Liberal Arts and the Education of Artists: Art and Story CONTENTS SECTION ONE: Marcel’s Studio Visit with Elstir……………………………………………………….. David Carrier SECTION TWO: Film and Video Narrative Brief Narrative on Film-The Case of John Updike……………………………………. Thomas P. Adler With a Pen of Light …………………………………………………………………… Michael Fink Media and the Message: Does Media Shape or Serve the Story: Visual Storytelling and New Media ……………………………………………………. June Bisantz Evans Visual Literacy: The Language of Cultural Signifiers…………………………………. Tammy Knipp SECTION THREE: Narrative and Fine Art Beyond Illustration: Visual Narrative Strategies in Picasso’s Celestina Prints………… Susan J. Baker and William Novak Narrative, Allegory, and Commentary in Emil Nolde’s Legend: St. Mary of Egypt…… William B. Sieger A Narrative of Belonging: The Art of Beauford Delaney and Glenn Ligon…………… Catherine St. John Art and Narrative Under the Third Reich ……………………………………………… Ashley Labrie 28 15 1 22 25 27 36 43 51 Hopper Stories in an Imaginary Museum……………………………………………. Joseph Stanton SECTION FOUR: Photography and Narrative Black & White: Two Worlds/Two Distinct Stories……………………………………….. Elaine A. King Relinquishing His Own Story: Abandonment and Appropriation in the Edward Weston Narrative………………………………………………………………………….. David Peeler Narrative Stretegies in the Worlds of Jean Le Gac and Sophe Calle…………………….. Stefanie Rentsch...
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...Pergamon Press Inc. Print Edition ISBN 0-08-025338-5 First internet edition December 2002 i Acknowledgments I would like to thank the following journals and organizations for granting permission to reprint material: Newbury House, the Center for Applied Linguistics, Language Learning, TESOL, the SPEAQ Journal, Academic Press. I have had a great deal of help and feedback from many people in writing this book. Among the many scholars and friends I am indebted to are Marina Burt, Earl Stevick, Heidi Dulay, Robin Scarcella, Rosario Gingras, Nathalie Bailey, Carolyn Madden, Georgette Ioup, Linda Galloway, Herbert Seliger, Noel Houck, Judith Robertson, Steven Sternfeld, Batyia Elbaum, Adrian Palmer, John Oller, John Lamendella, Evelyn Hatch, John Schumann, Eugene Brière, Diane Larsen-Freeman, Larry Hyman, Tina Bennet, Ann Fathman, Janet Kayfetz, Ann Peters, Kenji Hakuta, Elinor Ochs, Elaine Andersen, Peter Shaw, and Larry Selinker. I also would like to express my thanks to those scholars whose work has stimulated my own thinking in the early stages of the research reported on here: John Upshur, Leonard Newmark, and S. Pit Corder all recognized the reality of language "acquisition" in the adult long before I did. I would also like the thank Eula P. Krashen and Judy Winn-Bell Olsen for their special contributions. ii Contents Introduction 1. Individual Variation in the Use of the Monitor 2. Attitude and Aptitude in Second Language Acquisition and Learning 3. Formal and Informal...
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...Meeting the needs of gifted learners poses a challenge for most educators, thus gifted leaners need to be identified and nurtured for the benefit of gifted learners, educators and the community at large. This essay is going to examine 3 blanket characteristics of a gifted learner and suggest strategies to enhance giftedness in teaching and learning process. Eric (1985) groups characteristics of gifted learners into general behavioural, learning and creative features. A variety of approaches can be used to meet the needs of gifted learners in the classroom. The teacher or educator has the following our areas when developing the curriculum: * The content of the curriculum subject * The processes that engage the students * The products of their studies * The learning environment Definition of terms Giftedness Definition 1: Giftedness is ‘a synchronous development’ in which advanced cognitive abilities and heightened intensity combine to create inner experiences and awareness that are qualitatively different from the norm. This asynchrony increases with higher intellectual capacity. The uniqueness of the gifted renders them particularly vulnerable and requires modifications in parenting, teaching and counselling in order for them to develop optically (Columbus Group, 1991) Definition 2: Giftedness is the possession and use of untrained and spontaneously expressed natural abilities (called aptitudes or gifts) in at least one ability domain to a degree that places...
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...Automatic Effects of Brand Exposure on Motivated Behavior: How Apple Makes You “Think Different” ´ GRAINNE M. FITZSIMONS TANYA L. CHARTRAND GAVAN J. FITZSIMONS* This article first examines whether brand exposure elicits automatic behavioral effects as does exposure to social primes. Results support the translation of these effects: participants primed with Apple logos behave more creatively than IBM primed and controls; Disney-primed participants behave more honestly than E!primed participants and controls. Second, this article investigates the hypothesis that exposure to goal-relevant brands (i.e., those that represent a positively valenced characteristic) elicits behavior that is goal directed in nature. Three experiments demonstrate that the primed behavior showed typical goal-directed qualities, including increased performance postdelay, decreased performance postprogress, and moderation by motivation. P eople see thousands of brand images in an average day. Given how ubiquitous brands have become in people’s everyday lives, it is important that research uncovers the ways in which brand exposure can affect behavior. Although brands are of significant interest to consumer researchers, scant empirical work has addressed the potential behavioral consequences of brand exposure, inside or outside of the consumer decision-making context. And yet, given that consumers encounter many more brands than people in an average day, brands have surely become more...
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...CREATIVE DANCE History of Creative Dance Creative dance is perceived differently by different sectors of the education system. In many provinces, creative dance is part of the physical education curriculum. More recently, two provinces— British Columbia and Saskatchewan— have considered placing dance under the rubric of arts education. The aspect of creative dance that is emphasized reflects the position creative dance is assigned in the curriculum. When in the physical education curriculum, creative dance lessons typically focus on development of the motor skills involved, with little concern for the experience’s aesthetic potential. In arts education, the primary focus is creative dance’s aesthetic potential. Advocates view creative dance not only as having potential for developing motor skills or aesthetic sensibility, but as a means to improve students’ self-concept and as a valuable component of an integrated curriculum. Upon closer scrutiny, however, these different ways of justifying creative dance may prove contradictory. “Creative dance” is a particular form of dance. This form is typically taught in elementary schools because unlike other dance forms, it does not require years of training. Basically, creative dance involves the use of movement elements to express thoughts and feelings. Dimondstein (1974) expands on this definition when she considers dance to be “the interpretation of a child’s ideas, feelings, and sensory impressions expressed symbolically in movement...
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...Contents (click on page number for access) Introduction......................................................................................................................... 1 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................ 3 Chapter One Language Acquisition and the Language Learner .......................................................... 7 Section One: How Does First Language Develop? .................................................... 7 Section Two: How Does Second Language Develop? ............................................... 9 Foundational Theories ............................................................................................ 9 Creative Construction ......................................................................................... 9 Error Analysis ................................................................................................... 10 Interlanguage..................................................................................................... 11 Linguistic...
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...Harvard Journal of Law & Technology Volume 21, Number 2 Spring 2008 WHAT CAN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DO FOR LAW? Johnathan Jenkins∗ TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................589 II. INCENTIVES FOR BETTER INTEGRATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND LAW ............................................................591 III. THE CURRENT STATE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN LEGAL PRACTICE .......................................................................594 IV. THE DIRECTION OF LEGAL INFORMATICS: CURRENT RESEARCH .................................................................................597 A. Advances in Argumentation Models and Outcome Prediction ..............................................................................597 B. Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery from Databases ..............................................................................600 C. Accessible, Structured Knowledge ...........................................602 V. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND THE LEGAL PROFESSION: BARRIERS TO PROGRESS ......................................604 VI. CONCLUSION ..............................................................................607 I. INTRODUCTION MUCH CURRENT LEGAL WORK IS EMBARRASSINGLY, ABSURDLY, WASTEFUL. AI-RELATED TECHNOLOGY OFFERS GREAT PROMISE TO 1 IMPROVE THAT SITUATION. Many professionals now rely on information technology (“IT”) to simplify, automate, or better...
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...BS (4 Years) for Affiliated Colleges Course Contents for Subjects with Code: ENG This document only contains details of courses having code ENG. Center for Undergraduate Studies, University of the Punjab 1 BS (4 Years) for Affiliated Colleges Code ENG‐101 Year 1 Subject Title Introduction to Literature‐I (History of English Literature‐I) Discipline English Cr. Hrs 3 Semester I Aims: One of the objectives of this course is to inform the readers about the influence of historical and socio-cultural events upon the production of literature. Although the scope of the course is quite expansive, the readers shall focus on early 14th to 19th century Romantic Movement. Histories of literature written by some British literary historians will be consulted to form some socio-cultural and political cross connections. In its broader spectrum, the course covers a reference to the multiple factors from economic theories to religious, philosophical and metaphysical debates that overlap in these literary works of diverse nature and time periods under multiple contexts. The reading of literature in this way i.e. within the sociocultural context will help the readers become aware of the fact that literary works are basically a referential product of the practice that goes back to continuous interdisciplinary interaction. Contents: • Medieval Period • Renaissance and Reformation • Elizabethan Period • Milton, the Metaphysical...
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...Lokaverkefni til B.Ed. –prófs The use of games in the language classroom Sigríður Dögg Sigurðardóttir 180785-2219 Háskóli Íslands Menntavísindasvið Kennaradeild, grunnskólakennarafræði Apríl 2010 2 Abstract This essay focuses on the use of games inside the classroom and it argues that games can be a good teaching method when teaching foreign languages. It looks at why games should be used as a teaching method and how in order to maximize the positive result on language learning. Also this essay explains various game categories and it gives an example of at least one game from each category which can be especially good in language teaching. In addition this essay looks at the four language skill areas: reading, writing, listening and speaking and it gives reasons for why games can be beneficial in the training of each one. Last but not least I created 3 new games that can be utilized inside the language classroom. 3 Contents 1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 6 2. A review of the literature of Games ................................................................................ 7 2.1 Games ......................................................................................................................... 7 2.1.1 Games as a teaching method ......................................................................................
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...Brian has spoken to so many people over thirty-five years and explored so many topics that it would be impossible to have included accounts of all of them. But each of the conversations provided the inspiration for the discussions of creativity and storytelling in this book, and in rian’s work. B 50 Cent: musician, actor, entrepreneur Joan Abrahamson: president of the research and education nonprofit Jefferson Institute, MacArthur Fellowship recipient Paul Neal “Red” Adair: oil-well firefighter, innovator in extinguishing oil-well blowouts in Kuwait 1 Roger Ailes: president of Fox News Channel Doug Aitken: multimedia artist Muhammad Ali: professional heavyweight boxer, three-time World Heavyweight Champion John Allman: neuroscientist, expert on human cognition Gloria Allred: civil rights attorney Brad Anderson: former CEO of Best Buy Chris Anderson: curator of TED conferences Philip Anschutz: entrepreneur, cofounder of Major League Soccer, investor in multiple professional sports teams David Ansen: former senior entertainment editor at Newsweek Rose Apodaca: pop culture, fashion, and style journalist Bernard Arnault: chairman and CEO of LVMH Rebecca Ascher-Walsh: journalist, author Isaac Asimov: science fiction author Reza Aslan: scholar of religious studies, author Tony Attwood:psychologist, author of books on Asperger’s syndrome Lesley Bahner: responsible for advertising and motivational research for the...
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...teacher in the inclusive classroom. Imagine You Are the Teacher It Is The First Teaching year at Lincoln Elementary School for Ms. Branson. She has 30 fifth-graders of whom 13 are girls and 17 are boys, 12 participate in the free and reduced lunch program, 5 are English language learners, and 4 have individualized education programs (IEPs). As she plans her lesson on paragraph writing, she is trying to keep the special needs of each of her students in mind. Because Jessica has a hearing impairment, Ms. Branson decides to make a written outline that includes the important parts of a paragraph and examples of good and bad paragraphs. She also decides to go over the outline several times because Fred and Alex have a reading disability. In her plan, there is also a note to herself to find a bigger pencil and wide-lined paper for Suzy, who requires these modifications according to her IEP. Based on past writing experiences, she expects Monica to finish writing her paragraph pretty quickly, so she needs to think about an appropriate second task to keep her busy and motivated—most likely, a creative writing assignment. Ms. Branson feels about ready for the lesson, except for Jung Ju, a recent immigrant from South Korea. He seems to be falling behind despite her efforts to help him develop English skills. After giving it some thought, she decides to have Jung Ju...
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