...Good morning ladies and gentlemen, I’ve been chosen by the ‘young Australian women association’ to deliver a speech. I’ll be talking to you about the poem ‘orb spider’ by Judith Beveridge, and the film ‘not without my daughter’ directed by Brian Gilbert and produced by Harry J Ufland, through a variety of techniques these composers have represented women in many ways, and I’ll be talking about it to all of you present here today. The poem ‘orb spider’ by Judith Beveridge, she connects her own feelings through watching the spider, usually spiders are associated with being scary/hairy etc. The spider goes about being un-noticed, like many mothers and emphasising the importance of every day female energy, in reminding us of the balance sense of order in the world. “I saw her, pegging out her web” the metaphoric or symbolic representation, she refers to the spiders to every day representation of women like pegging out the washing, “this as pressed flowers in the bleaching light”, the simile used as pressing flowers in a relation to women’s everyday life by ironing or pressing the clothes or by organising meals. “She taught me to love the smallest transit”. The poet has learnt from the spider to love and appreciate the small things in life. As we can see in this poem the domestic settings (housewife duties) portrays the stereotype of representation of women as housewives in our society today. Over the centuries or since the beginning of time, women have been oppressed and...
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...Edwin S. Porter Edwin S. Porter was born April 21, 1870, in Connellsville, Pennsylvania. In 1897, he invented the Beadnell film projector. As the Edison Company's director-cameraman, Porter filmed The Great Train Robbery. He later invested in his own film equipment company, but the 1929 stock market crash put him out of business. In the 1930s he worked on home-movie cameras. He died on April 3, 1941, in New York City. (Biography.com) 'Life of an American Fireman' combined stock actuality footage of fires, firemen and fire engines with dramatised scenes which Porter shot, this juxtaposition added tension and release to the film making it truly dramatic in contemporary setting, unlike Méliès whose filmatic drama was derived from his films’ fantasy settings. Porter was convinced, from the audience reaction that he had discovered a new way of telling stories and developed his ideas the following year with the release of 'The Great Train Robbery', perhaps the most influential film of that decade. 'The Great Train Robbery' benefited from a strong storyline, well composed, sophisticated camera work and an excellent climax, joined together by Porter’s excellent use of editing. Although it was not the first 'Western', 'The Great Train Robbery' was the first Epic Western, which boasted a cast of forty actors working to an actual script. (EarlyCinema.com.) While at the Edison Company, Porter perfected a number of techniques that became standard film practice, including the close-up...
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...Kai Theato Explore the ways disturbed characters have been presented in the texts you have studied. In this essay I am going to be exploring the ways disturbed characters have been presented in the texts I have studied. I will be referring to a range of poems by Carol Ann Duffy and Macbeth by Shakespeare. Carol Ann Duffy chooses to use emotive language in Havisham by using the words “beloved sweetheart bastard”. This is an oxymoron to show the contrast in her feelings and shows that they are very mixed. The poet is showing how she is both still in love with her husband however still angry at him for leaving her at the altar. Havisham is angry at being an old unmarried woman and uses the word “Spinster” as a sentence on its own at the start of the stanza emphasising Havishams own isolation. The short sentence shows how the word is almost spat out to show the speakers disgust with what she has been forced to become. This also shows us that she is a disturbed character since she is unclear about her own feelings but she feels them very violently. This is similar in the novel ‘Great Expectations’ by Dickens which also presents the character of Miss Havisham as disturbed by describing her dress as ‘faded and yellow’. This use of colour tells us that just like her wedding dress, Miss Havisham has become old. Dickens uses his narrator to show how he sees Havisham in his eyes. He describes her as a ‘skeleton in the ashes of a rich dress’ which shows how long she has stayed in her...
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... Butler attempts to analyze the normative heterosexuality. He points out that disciplinary social rules force us to conform to a hegemonic, heterosexual identity. Butler sates that a selective reading of structuralism, psychoanalytic and feminist accounts enforce gender identities within a heterosexual frame. Butler reports that feminists have alternatives to the pre-patriarchal culture. They use this as a model to base a new society. If patriarchy has a beginning, it can also have an end. Therefore, accounts of the original transformation of sex into gender have proven useful to feminists. Cramer discus ideologies of gender, race, and class and states that these themes linked to sexual morality. Cramer analyzes Sex and the City, stating that it has an interesting paradox between the single life and the hunt for marriage. Cramer also reports on Queer life, saying that this show revolves around the idea that friendships are one’s lifeline. In the end Cramer expresses that the "postmodern ethos discourages a universal application of moral and ethical principles… the television programs such as Sex and the City and Queer as Folk may provide the opportunities for those debates.” Tropiano articulates that the show "Playing It Straight " changes heteronormativity into a performance. This reveals how the construction of heterosexuality is dependent on the exclusion of homosexuality. Tropiano affirms "The complex construction of both heterosexuality and homosexuality in Playing It Straight...
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...their manliness and inspiring a desire to achieve such a level of masculinity. The W170 Bodies in Motion: Surfers, Bikers, and Bodybuilders Photo Archive contains numerous pictures that give a closer look at these groups. One of these photos features a group of about eighteen bikers standing around their motorcycles, unaware of the picture being taken. By including their bikes in this picture, the entire image is shifted. The motorcycles instantly classify these people as “bikers” and the distance separating the viewer from the actual group labels them as a private motorcycle club or “gang”. This along with the common association between biker gangs and deviant activities cause many assumptions to be made by the viewer. This relates to Judith...
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...society becoming a barrier to learning for not only children but adults too, the construction is attained through the repetitive ‘performance’ of particular discourses. Butler writes ‘gender proves to be performative - that is, constituting the identity it is purported to be. In this sense, gender is always a doing, though not a doing by a subject who might be said to preexist the deed .... There is no gender identity behind the expressions of gender ... gender is performatively constituted by the very ‘expressions’ which are said to be its results’ (Butler, 1990: p24- 25). Thus, Kee-Yoon Nahm illuminates many concepts of Butler’s work especially performativity in her writing ‘Subvert/Reinscribe: Performance Research’ (2016). She writes that ‘Judith Butler’s theory of gender performativity has greatly impacted our understanding of performances that strategically employ stereotypes of minorities in order to subvert naturalized biases of gender’ (Nahm, 2016: 92). Therefore, questioning these ‘biases of gender’ can then lead to being a barrier to learning and developing. Although, to overcome this social division, unlike Butler, Nahm believes that ‘in the case of stereotypes, performativity could explain how cultural signifiers [or social division such as gender] are mistaken for ‘truth’, but we can only examine the subversive deployment of these stereotypes in performance’ (Nahm, 2016: 92). Thus, instead, like Butler, individuals should not accept implemented on them, they should take...
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...Boys Against Girls Summary: Discusses the academic and social rivalry between boys and girls. Findings of a study conducted by the American Association of University Women regarding the issue; Gap between men and women in the sciences; Strengths and weaknesses of boys and girls. GENDER A 1992 study by the American Association of University Women reported that schools shortchange girls--letting them lag behind boys in science, silencing them in class and damaging their self-esteem. But some experts are arguing that it's boys who lose out. "The Columbine killings have been a wake-up call," says Judith Kleinfeld, Ph.D., professor of psychology at the University of Alaska at Fairbanks. "Boys also have their problems." Kleinfeld refutes the findings of the AAUW study: With the exception of the (rapidly narrowing) gap between men and women in the sciences, she says, "most of the other findings are misleading or false." Studies show, for example, that girls receive better grades and more awards than their male counterparts. They also have superior verbal skills and are more likely to attend college. But while many schools sponsor interventions to coach girls in physics and math, few have tried to remedy boys' poor reading and writing abilities. And contrary to popular belief, many boys have a well-hidden low self-esteem, believing that schools are hostile towards them. "Women have been shortchanged in other areas of life," says Kleinfeld. "But schools, with their...
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...Theories of work organisation have gone through considerable changes in the last couple of decades. Describe what you believe to be the main changes and evaluate their importance in the changing world of business. (You may choose a particular industry or occupation to illustrate your argument). Introduction to the feminist movement: In an constantly evolving society, theories of work organisations have undergone drastic changes over the past few decades (Tosi 2009). Organisational theory developed from the work of Taylor and Weber (Reed & Ross-Smith 1994) along with the management theory of Mintzberg (Bartram 2005). The application of these concepts needed to change to reflect the desires and expectations of the current working demographic. The ‘highly visible’ (Stanley & Wise 2000) feminist or women’s movements, particularly in developed countries throughout the past century, have allowed women to enjoy substantially increased levels of equality and the ability to enter male-dominated occupations which their predecessors could not. Modern philosophers such as Foucault and de Saussure (Kelemen & Rumens 2008) have been considering one facet of ‘poststructuralism’ (Tosi 2009, p. 263), leading to a new stream of though on the implications of language interpretation. Modern poststructuralist feminists such as McNay and Weedon (as cited in Kelemen & Rumens 2008) have been debating ways in which to instigate and enhance a shift from a male-centric organisation compositions towards...
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...Shakespeare won’t have included this scene just as a way to present the disturbed characters; he will have included it to impress the people watching the play. Religious believers in that time believed in the idea of the religious order, which was the belief that God has created an ordered system for both nature and human kind, every creature/person has a place and the order should not be disrupted. Including the porter scene in the play would of reinforced this belief, as the King was seen to be at the top of this ordered system, meaning once he was murdered this order had been disrupted. This scene showed some the effects of the link between man and God being severed through Pathetic Fallacy. Another way in which Shakespeare would have tried to impress his audience, mainly the monarch at the time (King James 1st) was through the character Banquo. King James believed himself to be a descendent of Banquo, therefore he was written to be a noble, wise and regal man whose good qualities tended to make some of the other characters, particularly Macbeth, envy him. King James 1 considered himself to be an expert on witchcraft, he wrote a book which stated that witches made a pact with the devil, so including the evil ways of the witches and showing them to be dark creatures that turn good loyal men into murderers would have pleased the King as that is how he viewed them himself. If you continue to look into Macbeth’s character, he starts to spiral out of control very quickly. He starts...
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...“How does Anne Hathaway portray Duffy’s view of Shakespeare?” From the quotation of Shakespeare’s will, right the way through the poem, Duffy finds many ways to present her thoughts and feeling for Shakespeare through the voice of his wife ‘Anne Hathaway’. In her poem, Carol Ann Duffy speaks in the voice of Anne Hathaway herself. It makes sense that Duffy wants to give a voice to this otherwise silenced woman because Duffy herself is known as a feminist. However this idea contrasts with that of the tone from the rest of the poem as before the poem even begins, she is showing a positive attitude towards Shakespeare, quoting his will, “Item I gyve unto my wife my second best bed”. At first glances, this seems like a strange and disappointing possession to receive from your husband, however, this bed is a reoccurring theme in the poem, and through Duffy speaking as Anne Hathaway we get the sense that to Anne, this solitary possession is important to her as it brings back many happy memories of romantic nights together “while guests dozed on, dribbling their prose”. The second best bed, the best traditionally being given to guests, was where they spent many romantic nights “we loved in a spinning world of forests, castles, torchlight, clifftops, seas where we would dive for pearls”. This is the first suggestion that this poem is different to that of her others, as she is yet to make a negative remark towards Shakespeare, suggesting that she respects him, whilst has a negative...
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...Postmodernism However in postmodernism, it holds an subjectivist ontology that reality is formed by one’s own experiences, assumptions and beliefs, which challenge the perspective of modernism (Hatch & Cunliffe 2006). Postmodernists view reality as an illusion that is formed based on language which is an instrument used by the elite to control the employee interpretation of a scenario and so lead them to satisfy their interests (Robbins & Barnwell 2002). In addition, through discourse and deconstruction, postmodernists can unveil the multiple interpretations of organizational reality, hidden power relationships, the repressed and marginalized of groups (Cunliffe 2008). It will provide a better understanding on the interpretations of the organizational reality, the influence on one thought and the constraints of the organizations. Postmodernist built their structure of organization on a horizontal level of hierarchy and they perceive power and control are integrated in everyday social relationships and organizational practices (Hatch & Cunliffe, 2006). Postmodernist applies the concept of disciplinary power that was developed by Michael Foucault, a French philosopher. According to Foucault (1980), the concept of disciplinary power causes employees to engage in a self-surveillance behavior due to the anticipation of control and the self-disciplinary behavior which is view by the postmodernist as a discourse of power within the organization. He believes that disciplinary power...
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...Mapping the Modern “An argumentative essay on ‘Gender’ through comparison and contrast of the views of authorities who are postmodern practitioners” Introduction Defining postmodernism as well as gender is an extremely difficult task if not impossible. This essay is an argument on the two postmodernist’s concept on ‘Gender’. This essay argues posing foucauldian postmodernism of Judith Butler against Baudrillardean post modernism of Arthur and Marilouse Kroker with analysis on both their ideas on gender including sex and sexuality. This essay also argues that these two approaches are fully flawed for a number of important reasons. This essay offered an argument on the ideas of two of the most prominent postmodernists in the field of ‘Gender’ including sex and sexuality namely Judith Bultler and Discussion Postmodernism of Judith Butler Judith Butler is one among the most influential proponent of postmodern practitioner of gender including sex and sexuality. In Gender Trouble It is stated that identity of gender constitutes the very expressions which are its results and does not go beyond the expressions of gender. Butler does not consider gender as an appropriate social as well as natural expressions of a sexed body, but it is a fluid identity which is always in a deferral state ad does not exist fully at any given point of time (Norris, 2010). She does not believe in the notion of a stable and essential identity of gender manifesting itself by way of external activities...
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...Tristen Kremer Hour 6 Ordinary people term paper Date: In the book Ordinary people by Judith Guest there are quite a few characters in the story all diverse and different. While I am not similar enough to some of them I may however explain traits in the story that are associated with characters. There are many factors that contribute to strong relationships. Some of the key elements are trust, forgiveness, and most important communication. In Judith Guests book, Ordinary People, there are several relationships where these elements are portrayed. They are illustrated either in a good or bad way, usually between several of the family members. One element that helps relationships become strong, and keeps people together is communication....
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...Bobsie Skelton Skelton 1 Phil Chamberlin, M.A. ENC 1102: Composition II 10 November, 2014 Transitioning A rite of passage marks a significant transition in a person’s life. A person is transitioning from one stage to another, as from childhood to adolescence and then to adulthood. In America different celebrations are considered a rite of passage like: Baptism, High School Graduation, College Graduation, Engagement, Marriage and many more. Each culture has their own rite of passages that are celebrated at different times of a person’s life. In Sharon Olds “Rite of Passage” and Judith Ortiz Cafer’s “Quinceanera,” the reader is given a view of transitioning from childhood to adulthood, from the eyes of a boy’s mother and the eyes of a young girl. A girl’s entrance into womanhood and eligibility for marriage is celebrated in the Latin community with her Quinceanera. Traditionally, it is celebrated on a girl’s fifteenth birthday and a very exciting and anticipated event. In this poem, the reader gets the impression that the girl sees this transition into womanhood more as a burden than a celebratory event. She had to put away her dolls in a chest she will carry with her when she marries. By having to put away her dolls, it symbolizes the end of her childhood and the dolls don’t come out of the chest until she can give them to...
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...Academic Writing Workshop Cofer - The Myth of the Latin Woman: I just met a girl named Maria March 4, 2009 As Judith Ortiz Cofer says in her essay “mixed cultural signals have perpetuated certain stereotypes” (49). Since something can be natural in a determined culture and offensive in another, it is easy to find a variety of behaves that are misunderstood. This misunderstood is what promotes the existence of prejudice. The stereotypes should be ignored and forgotten by people. Each individual should be judge by its work and personality, and not by its clothes, physical appearance or place of origin. People should know better about distinct culture before believe in stereotypes. As a Brazilian woman (and therefore Latina).I can talk about the stereotype created about women from my country. Brazil is known for its soccer team, carnival, and beautiful women. It seems nice characteristic to be identified with. Although, those characteristics make people believe that in Brazil the women are always or at least most of the time naked. Brazilian girls are believed to be easy ones, because they kiss in the mouth on the first date. In some countries (as the ones in Europe) people also believe the Brazilian women that move to there are all prostitutes. Those and much more related kind of stereotypes make the Brazilian women to endure a lot prejudice not only as a Latin but also as a Brazilian. It is very sad to know that people are so influenceable but that is how it is. And it is...
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