...Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club, Inc. Case Study Antecedents: the Professional Baseball Players Association (PBPA) and the Owner-Player Committee (OPC) were engaged in a collective bargaining dispute where the PBPA believes they should share in the teams' profits. The OPC maintains, however, that the teams were losing money each year. Both sides had independent meetings with an arbitrator to evaluate and recommend a viable decision ”Who is right?” The case illustrate major areas in which both sides disputed the way the financial information is been presented, and the way key accounting concepts had been used taking in consideration the recognition of revenues and the matching concept: 1. - Players salary expenses, current roster salary, amortization of signing bonuses and non-roster guaranteed contract expenses 2. - Roster depreciation expense 3. - Related-party transactions (Stadium operations) 1. - Players salary expenses, current roster salary, amortization of signing bonuses and non-roster guaranteed contract expenses. A significant portion of players’ compensation packages is not paid in cash immediately. PBPA think the salaries due to players who are no longer on the roster should be recognized when the cash is paid out and not when the players leave the roster, GAAP however only allow the deferred compensation to be expensed when earned. Therefore, OPC is right. Some part of players’ signing bonuses as per the PBPA suggestion should be spread over...
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...to earn the same money promised him in his guaranteed contract? Of what importance are the periodic net income numbers if the clubs can always be sold for huge profits? How should Bill Ahern resolve the accounting conflict between the owners and players? How much did the Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club earn in 1983 and 1984? Facts This case shows that how different accounting methods can lead a company to different positions. That is what Bill Ahern was selected on April 9 to focus on reviewing the finances of the Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club, Inc., which was bought on November 1, 1982 by five shareholders for $24 million, because both the representatives of the owner of the 26 major league baseball teams and the professional players association agreed that Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club’s operations were representative, and the baseball club entity was not owned by another corporation, and it did not own the stadium where they play. So Bill Ahern was reviewing their finances on April 17, 1985. He had to make a difficult judgement in next two days. He spent Tuesday reviewing the history of major league baseball and the relationship between the various entities. On following day, Wednesday, he met with the twi Zephyrs owners’ representatives, and On the following Monday, Bill Ahern met with the representatives from Professional Baseball Players Association and their lawyer. The problem that was needed to be resolved was weather...
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...Case Analysis 10-3 Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club, Inc. I.Issues Why does net income not equal cash flows? Why do we need accrual accounting? (Why do not we fire all accountants and just publish summary bank statements) Why do the differences between owners’, players’, GAAP and truth number exist?(Can accounting numbers be neutral representations of what happened? What happens if a retired non-roster player (e.g. Joe Portocararo) returns to the active roster while continuing to earn the same money promised him in his guaranteed contract? Of what importance are the periodic net income numbers if the clubs can always be sold for huge profits? How should Bill Ahern resolve the accounting conflict between the owners and players? How much did the Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club earn in 1983 and 1984? Facts This case shows that how different accounting methods can lead a company to different positions. That is what Bill Ahern was selected on April 9 to focus on reviewing the finances of the Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club, Inc., which was bought on November 1, 1982 by five shareholders for $24 million, because both the representatives of the owner of the 26 major league baseball teams and the professional players association agreed that Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club’s operations were representative, and the baseball club entity was not owned by another corporation, and it did not own the stadium where they play. So Bill Ahern was reviewing their finances on April...
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...Dellworth Case: Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club: A Baseball Accounting Dispute ACCT 6350 1. How Should Bill Ahern resolve each of the accounting conflicts between the owners and the players? After meeting with both the owners and the players, Bill concludes that the three main accounting areas of concern between both parties are: * 1) Roster depreciation * 2) Player compensation * 3) Owners’ stadium fees In all of three of these conflicts, I noticed that the players tend to make more assumptions about the owners’ intentions than they do factual statements regarding sound accounting principles. I only mention this because Paul, the players’ lawyer, felt that the owners were being greedy and “hiding” profit in their accounting books rather than split their extra income with the players. According to our class reading Accounting for Property, Plant, and Equipment and Other Assets, all assets—in this case being the players—have a depreciation value. Unfortunately, PBPA goes against this statement by claiming that the players shouldn’t be depreciated at all; in fact, they went as far as to say that the players add value if anything. Now I don’t exactly claim to be an expert on baseball myself, but I know enough to safely say that baseball players tend to wear down over time. For example, pitchers are known for having shorter careers by throwing out their arm. Therefore playing baseball has to be taxing, not to mention risky. If anything, baseball players...
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...Kansas City Zephyrs Case Study Chad Dellworth Case: Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club: A Baseball Accounting Dispute ACCT 6350 1. How Should Bill Ahern resolve each of the accounting conflicts between the owners and the players? After meeting with both the owners and the players, Bill concludes that the three main accounting areas of concern between both parties are: * 1) Roster depreciation * 2) Player compensation * 3) Owners’ stadium fees In all of three of these conflicts, I noticed that the players tend to make more assumptions about the owners’ intentions than they do factual statements regarding sound accounting principles. I only mention this because Paul, the players’ lawyer, felt that the owners were being greedy and “hiding” profit in their accounting books rather than split their extra income with the players. According to our class reading Accounting for Property, Plant, and Equipment and Other Assets, all assets—in this case being the players—have a depreciation value. Unfortunately, PBPA goes against this statement by claiming that the players shouldn’t be depreciated at all; in fact, they went as far as to say that the players add value if anything. Now I don’t exactly claim to be an expert on baseball myself, but I know enough to safely say that baseball players tend to wear down over time. For example, pitchers are known for having shorter careers by throwing out their arm. Therefore playing baseball has to be taxing, not to mention...
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...Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club, Inc. Answer and submit these two questions for each item in dispute: Who's correct and why? for the Kansas City Zephyrs (6 points). In this baseball accounting dispute case I would rule towards the side of the players. First and foremost, their case on roster depreciation is a good point, because one, this is not done in any other industry when referring to staff or labor, and from a performance standpoint the way you may be able to determine if depreciation is present it could be determined by how much a player is playing in comparison to the previous year(s). And in most cases if a player is actually “depreciating”, they will be put on waivers or released. Next, deferred salaries should be accounted for in the fashion as pointed out by the PBPA, because if the owner’s actually do not pay this money in this fiscal year then that money would be assumed to be earning interest or invested. The third point, referring to stadium operations would definitely need to be analyzed extremely close, because any situation where monies shifting from the right pocket to the left pocket, the rates can not vary from the going rate for these services or properties, because otherwise those transactions might as well be laundering. Ultimately, the accounting policies and procedures practiced by the owners would lend one to question all of their financial reports because their acts up until this point would cause you to think antitrust issues could...
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...Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club Bill Ahern had to resolve the profitability issues between the owners of the major baseball leagues and the players. The main differences were the following: - Roster depreciation: Per IRS code, 50% of the purchase price ($6M) was designated as the value of the player roaster at that time, and the owners decided to spread it over six years (they did it because they could). Players argue that no depreciation should take place because, they believe that with the experience they acquire with years of playing and practice they gain more skills which makes them more valuable. Who is right? The players, no roaster depreciation Why? Because good players, coaches and trades actually increase the value of a team and injuries and retirement decrease the value - Overstated player salary expense: Owners expense the signing bonuses in the year they are paid and players argue that it should be spread throughout the years they play. Players spread this payment based on the assumption that they won’t get hurt and continue to play in their teams. However, the bonus is paid in full at the beginning. Who is right? The owners Why? Because the bonus is disbursed up front that’s why it should be expensed - Salary expense deferred: Some teams do set aside money for the salary deferment, in that case is appropriate to recognize the entire salary amount as a current expense. However, Zephyrs don’t set money aside, - Who is right? The players Why...
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...In the case study of the Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club, Inc. Bill Ahern the arbitrator was assigned to resolve the issue on the parties’ agreeing on the true profitability of the major league baseball teams. Both Zephyr’s owners and players disagree on three different areas: a) Roster depreciation, b) Overstated Player Salary Expense which entails current signing bonuses, roster salary, amortization of and non-roster guaranteed contract expense; and c) Related-Party Transactions (Stadium Operations). Roster Depreciation The owners recognize depreciation of a value placed on the player roster at the time the baseball club was purchased apparently because tax rules allowed them to do so. Tax rules allow this value to be set arbitrarily at a maximum of 50% of the purchase price. According to the owners the depreciation is capitalized and is being depreciated over six years. The players do not feel that any roster depreciation should be shown. They believe that the roster depreciation is providing numbers without any significance. The players further argue that depreciation expenses only arise when a team is sold therefore there can be two identical teams that reflect different results if one was sold and the other was not. Moreover, the players argue that rosters should appreciate not depreciate as players become more experienced with time. Economically speaking a baseball clubs’ most valuable asset is its player’s rosters and they obviously appreciate and depreciate...
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...KANSAS CITY ZEPHYRS BASEBALL CLUB This case has three fundamental issues 1. Roster depreciation; 2. Player compensation; 3. Transfer pricing of related party operations (stadium costs); 1. Roster Depreciation (I side with the Owners) The owners recognize depreciation as of a value placed on the player roster at the time the baseball club was purchased. They do this for two reasons. 1. It lowers the value of the team and second for tax purposes. This is very legal and is normally used unless the company wants to show a higher profit. However, the team’s roster is usually its biggest assets and the only reason the owners are doing this is to show lower profits and pay less taxes 2. Player Compensation (I side with the Owners) Players compensation is a significant part of the teams expenses. The team uses accrual accounting which recognizes revenues to expenses at the time in which the transaction occurs rather than when payment is made. Although players’ compensations are not paid immediately in cash it is very likely the team will pay them. If the team does what the players suggest and deffers compensation expenses it would not show accurate expenses and therefore over value itself. 3. Transferg pricing of related party operations: (I side with the players) This is a common accounting practice. Our company actually does this with payroll. We have a staffing agency that operates our nursing homes. We charge for LPN and RN double what we pay them. This way...
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...Kansas City Zephyrs Case This case is a good example of the “earnings game”. A dispute arose between the baseball team owners and the players association on the true profitability of the baseball business. The case describes 3 main areas for which the accounting is being disputed: * Roster depreciation * Player compensation * Current Roster Salary - Deferred Compensation * Amortization of Signing Bonuses * Non-Roster Guaranteed Roster Expense * Transfer pricing of related party operations (stadium costs) Roster Depreciation 1. Who is Right? The Players 2. Why? The owners capitalized and amortized 50 percent of the purchase price ($12 million) simply because the tax rules allowed it; therefore the depreciation was spread over six years and comes to a total of $2M deduction in income per year. However the players argue that they become more experienced over time, therefore no depreciation is necessary; instead, they argue, given this fact there should be an appreciation of the roster and not the other way around. The truth is that Revenues are influenced by the performance of players as the better the team does, the more fans come. Therefore, player rosters both appreciate and depreciate depending on the season and the overall success of the team including; new recruits, season statistics (wins/losses) etc, therefore it shouldn’t be a consistent depreciation simply because the IRS allows it, but should reflect the actual situation in any...
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...Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club, Inc. This case helps demonstrate how different accounting techniques can come to different results. In this case I believe the owners of the team were not being completely honest in the way they were allocating expenses and therefore indicating losses instead of profits. There are three areas that the players association did not agree with the expenses allocated by the owners of the team. These areas are the Roster depreciation, the player’s compensation and related-party operations (specially the stadium costs). In the case of the Roaster depreciation, the owners consider a depreciation of the amount the roaster was worth at the time of purchase, they spread the depreciation linearly over six years with a value of two million per year. However, this value is not a fix value. The players feel that if anything the roster can appreciate with experience. This value should not be included because the roaster can appreciate or depreciate over time with continues trades and scouting, or injures and retirements; the value is shown in the yearly roaster value (salaries). In terms of the deferred compensation, this should not be included also. Since the players are not being paid during the year and it can be proved that the owners are not setting this money aside either. These payments should be expense at the moment of payment to the player. Also for the signing bonuses, the owners are registering the expense as incurred. However the...
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...Applying Accounting Principal to the Kansas City Zephrys Baseball Club Case Measurement Positions Roaster Depreciation Measurement Issues Player Compensation Stadium Expense 1. Owners’ Accounting The accounting follows the industry standard of accounting principles within the baseball field in essence the owners get to write off the declining market value of the player contracts as a loss while also counting the annual salaries paid the players as an expense. The financial statement account for bonuses, deferred compensation, and non-roster guaranteed contract expenses even though some of the expenses are not paid immediately .Money is being listed when it is actually not paid out. Two of the shareholders are the owners that own the corporation that is used for the games. It is not stated whether the amount paid is fair market value or not. 2. Players’ Accounting This was deleted from the proposed player’s income statements. Per the players this only occurs when a team has been sold and in this case team was bought in 2003 and this should not continue to be factored in since the team is already 3years old. Also the players have highlighted that the skill of a player actually increases the in roaster value with gained experience Players added amortization bonus to reflect varied contract because there is no guarantee that the players will indeed complete their contract. Further players only receive 80% of their salaries so this was adjusted to accurately reflect what was...
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...Katelynn Tax 1/18/16 Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club, Inc. 2006 There are five main points of difference between the accounting methods of players and owners. The five main differences appear in roster depreciation, current roster salary, amortization of signing bonuses, non-roster guaranteed contract expense, and stadium operations. The following paragraphs analysis the main points above. Owners take 50% of purchase price of $228 million and depreciate it for 6 years this amounts to $19,000 a year in depreciation. While players on the other hand believe there should be no depreciation until the team is sold. They also believe that depreciation isn’t valid because players tend to improve their skills through time and therefore would increase roster value not decrease it. In my opinion I would have to side with the owners on this because generally many firms use straight line depreciation and its fairly common for depreciation to be done that way. Depreciation expenses are typically calculated at (total acquisition cost – salvage value)/useful life. It is possible that there could be no useful life or salvage value if other owners do not buy it and therefore depreciation should still remain as the owners have calculated. I also would like to note that not all players get better over time because of age, or recurring injuries so I believe that the teams do not increase roster value. In fact, I believe in the long run teams stay fairly the same with regards to performance...
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...KANSAS CITY ZEPHYRS BASEBALL CLUB INC. In this case we have a typical issue related with different accounting approaches analyzing expenses generated and paid in different periods. We have the position of the Owner-Player Committee (OPC) representing the owners who obviously want to present low profitability in their financial statements to get a better treatment for taxes and in the other side we have the position of the Professional Baseball Players Association (PBPA), the organization representing players, who argues that owners are not transparent with their financial statements showing low or in most cases negative profits, then players petition is that owners show real financial statements and that profit will be share with them. To have a balanced judgment we should think about some accounting concepts as the Revenue and Expense Recognition Principle, where companies recognize revenues and expenses in the period of time when these are earned, which are the basis of Accrual Accounting. By the other hand we also have another approach, the Cash-basis Accounting where companies recognize revenue when cash is received and expense when cash is paid which is not generally accepted. Analyzing the two versions of Income Statement we realized that they agree in several points but they differ basically in three aspects: Roster depreciation: As tax rules allow applying a maximum of 50% depreciation, owners proceeded that way (linearly for 6 years) probably with the intention of...
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...Case 1 Warren E. Buffett, 1995 How is Berkshire Hathaway’s business composition from Exhibit 1 different or similar today? Be specific. Provide an overall statement to describe Berkshire Hathaway’s performance over time compared to the S&P 500. Can you discern a trend in the investment decisions of Mr. Buffett and are his decisions consistent with the principals learned from his mentor Dr. Graham? Based on the types of company’s that BK now owns, have the Acquisition Criteria been held to, modified, expanded upon? Is there something more to his theories? Comment on the quote “all you need to know to become a successful investor is two courses, (1) A course on how to value companies and (2) a course on human behavior”. How does Buffet’s philosophy statements on page 19 and 20 compare to what you have learned so far in your other management classes or personal experiences? What does the advice that Buffet gave the University of Florida students mean to you? Select 2 quotes on page 22 and comment on why they are meaningful to you. How has Mr. Buffet taken advantage of the recession of the past 4 years? Comment on Mr. Buffet’s quote “We simply attempt to be fearful when others are greedy and to be greedy only when others are fearful”. By use of research, how has Buffet and his company applied this statement with their current actions? Case 2 INTUIT Your textbook on page 19 makes reference to the fact that most entrepreneurs learn...
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