...United States social worker and reformer, Florence Kelley in her speech, dealing with child labor, given the the National American Suffrage Association (1905), she calls for a need to improving inhumane working conditions placed upon Young children. Kelley develops her argument first by appealing to the audience’s emotions by repeatedly giving descriptions of children in harsh working conditions. In order to gain support in her mission to free more than a million children from working conditions that essentially parallel slavery. In the first paragraph Kelley says, “two million children under the age of sixteen” earn their own living. Some as young as six years old, working in the “cotton mills of Georgia” and in the “coal-breakers of Pennsylvania”....
Words: 411 - Pages: 2
...In her speech to NAWSA in 1905, Florence Kelley discusses a pivotal issue plaguing the United States during the Industrial Era - child labor. Kelley implores her audience to recognize the immorality of child labor by emphasizing the growing normalcy of juvenile labor and rapidly changing laws that aid in its expansion. In her analytical, yet beseeching speech Kelley entreats her audience to aid her in, “freeing the children from toil!” Kelley opens her speech by showering her audience with statistics. “We have, in this country, two million children under the age of sixteen who are earning their bread.” She opens with this to expose her audience to the magnitude of this problem. These statistics build Kelley’s logical credibility because they give a numerical indication to the amount of working children in America. Kelley goes on to discuss the wide range of ages at which these children are working “from six and seven years,” to “eight, nine and ten years,” “to fourteen, fifteen and sixteen years.” This adds strength to her argument by emphasizing how widespread the pandemic of laboring children was....
Words: 305 - Pages: 2
...Florence Kelley, a U.S. social worker, gives a speech before the convention of The National American Woman Suffrage Association in Philadelphia addressing child labor and how it could be outlawed if woman suffrage was passed as legislature. Kelley was an advocate for women gaining the right to vote and for children being forbidden to work in harsh conditions. She uses logical appeal and guilt people to show how child labor is a practice that can be prohibited were women to have the right to vote. The author evokes an emotion of guilt upon her audience by stating how children are working in conditions that are harsh and unsafe. Florence Kelley refers to the children and their predicament by describing, “ Tonight while we sleep several thousand...
Words: 687 - Pages: 3
...Florence Kelley Rhetorical Analysis Essay Social worker and reformer, Florence Kelley, in the speech she delivered to the convention of the National American Woman Suffrage Association in Philadelphia on July 22, 1905, argues the need for change in child labor. She supports her claim by first mentioning facts such as “no other portion of the wage earning class increased so rapidly”(Kelley), then by mentioning the hard lives children have, and finally by stating she will take a stand. Kelley’s purpose is to inform and influence the American Society in order to change child labor policies. Throughout her speech, Kelley uses the three rhetorical appeals to make the audience think, take action, and feel sympathetic. To begin with, Kelley used the rhetorical appeal, ethos, to establish her credibility and make the American Society question their morals. “But we are almost powerless. Not wholly powerless, however, are citizens who enjoy the right of petition. For myself, I shall use this power in every possible way…”(Kelley). By stating this, Kelley strengthened her ethos by portraying herself a role model, saying that she will do anything she can in her power to bring change. By using the...
Words: 512 - Pages: 3
...Rhetorical Analysis Essay The early 1900s married a time of child labor reformers and women's rights activists, as America reeled with children in the work force from the rapid industrialization during the Gilded Age and women advocating for their rights as Progressivism swept across the country. Florence Kelley, a women’s rights activist, delivered a passionate speech confronting the inhumane character of child labor employing rhetorical questions to guide the listener’s thoughts, parallelism and repetition to emphasize significant points in her argument, and current examples to provide a logical foundation on which she constructs her speech. Like many other women’s rights activists, Kelley readily took a stand against child labor when she...
Words: 639 - Pages: 3
...Chapter 1: Introduction to Communication Theory What is communication; ● ● ● “The process by which people interactively create, sustain and manage meaning” (D&Z, p 2), It is how we plan, control, manage, persuade, understand, lead, love, and so on, Competent communication: both effective (achieving goal) and appropriate (follow social expectation). What is theory; Theory is about what we know and how we know it. ● Theories provide an abstract understanding of the communication process (Miller, 2002), ● A lens through see the world, which highlights some things (and ignores others!) (D&Z, 3), ● A systematic summary about the nature of the communication process. There are 3 types of theories: 1. Commonsense theory -Created by an individuals own personal experience, -Useful to us and are often a basis for our decisions about how to communicate, -These theory’s are not supported by research. 2. Working theory -Generalizations made in particular professions about the best techniques doing something, -Practical and more systematic than commonsense theory. 3. Scholarly theory -The theory has undergone systematic research, -Provides more thorough accurate and abstract explanations for communication, -They are often more complex and difficult to understand. Evaluating theory; These are some criteria for evaluating the usefulness of the theory. Not good or bad. What to look for Accuracy Has the research supported that the theory works the way it says it does? Look at the research...
Words: 8415 - Pages: 34
...Copyright © 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. ISBN: 978-0-07-180360-1 MHID: 0-07-180360-2 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-0-07-180359-5, MHID: 0-07180359-9. E-book conversion by Codemantra Version 1.0 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill Education eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions or for use in corporate training programs. To contact a representative please visit the Contact Us page at www.mhprofessional.com. Trademarks: McGraw-Hill Education, the McGraw-Hill Education logo, 5 Steps to a 5 and related trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of McGraw-Hill Education and/or its affiliates in the United States and other countries and may not be used without written permission. All other trademarks are the property...
Words: 76988 - Pages: 308
...Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank to accompany A First Look at Communication Theory Sixth Edition Em Griffin Wheaton College prepared by Glen McClish San Diego State University and Emily J. Langan Wheaton College Published by McGrawHill, an imprint of The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020. Copyright Ó 2006, 2003, 2000, 1997, 1994, 1991 by The McGrawHill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. The contents, or parts thereof, may be reproduced in print form solely for classroom use with A First Look At Communication Theory provided such reproductions bear copyright notice, but may not be reproduced in any other form or for any other purpose without the prior written consent of The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., including, but not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning. PREFACE Rationale We agreed to produce the instructor’s manual for the sixth edition of A First Look at Communication Theory because it’s a first-rate book and because we enjoy talking and writing about pedagogy. Yet when we recall the discussions we’ve had with colleagues about instructor’s manuals over the years, two unnerving comments stick with us: “I don’t find them much help”; and (even worse) “I never look at them.” And, if the truth be told, we were often the people making such points! With these statements in mind, we have done some serious soul-searching about the texts that so many teachers—ourselves...
Words: 159106 - Pages: 637
...COMMUNICATION PROBLEMS FACED BY MALACCA HEALTH DEPARTMENT (MHD) ON ANTI SMOKING CAMPAIGN INTRODUCTION Communication refers to the act, by one or more persons, of sending and receiving messages that are distorted by noise, occur within a context, have some effect, and provide some opportunity for feedback. All communication takes place in a context that has at least four dimensions: physical, cultural, social psychological and temporal. Communication always has some effect on one or more person involved in the communication act. For every communication act, there is some consequence. For example, we may gain knowledge or learn how to analyze, synthesize, or evaluate something. These are intellectual or cognitive effects. Or we may acquire or change our attitudes, beliefs, emotions and feelings. These are effective effects. We may even learn new bodily movements, such as throwing a ball or painting a picture, as well as appropriate verbal and nonverbal behaviours. These are psychomotor effects.Communication behaviours, whether they involve verbal messages, gestures, or some combination thereof, usually occur in “packages” (Pittenger,Hockett,& Danehy 1960). Communication is transactional (Barnlund 1970; Watzlawick 1977, 1978; Watzlawick, Beavin, & Jackson 1967; Wilmot 1987). One implication of viewing communication as transactional is that each person is seen as both speaker and listener, as simultaneously sending and receiving messages. Each person in a communication transaction...
Words: 7570 - Pages: 31
...Coombs / SITUATIONAL COMMUNICATION JOURNAL OF BUSINESSCRISIS COMMUNICATION THEORY 10.1177/0021943604265607 IMPACT OF PAST CRISES ON CURRENT CRISIS COMMUNICATION Insights From Situational Crisis Communication Theory W. Timothy Coombs Eastern Illinois University Previous research based on Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT) suggests that an organization’s past crises history affects the reputational threat posed by a current crisis when that crisis results from intentional acts by the organization. The study reported on in this article provides a wider test of crisis history to better assess its role in crisis communication. Results from the present investigation showed that a history of similar crises intensified the reputational threat of a current crisis even when the crisis arose from the victimization of the organization or from an accident, rather than from the organization’s intentional acts. The threat to reputation was primarily direct, rather than indirect, through perceived responsibility for the crisis. There was little difference in the perceptions of organizations identified as having had no history of past similar crises versus those for whom no information about past crises was provided. Perception of an organization’s responsibility was negatively correlated with the perceived impact on reputation. Implications for the practice of crisis communication and further development of SCCT are discussed. Keywords: crisis; communication; management;...
Words: 11305 - Pages: 46
...By John D. Mueller Colloquium on the American Founding Amherst University, October 19, 2002 Winston Churchill is supposed to have said that “the Americans can be relied upon to do the right thing, after exhausting the alternatives.” I hold a similar tempered optimism about the economics profession, with which have been associated by occupation for more than 20 years. Historically, economic theory originated in the happy union of Athens and Jerusalem known as “the natural law,” and has always returned to the sanity of its roots—after exhausting the alternatives. As I read its history, economic theory has nearly completed its last great detour away from sanity, and is rapidly running out of alternatives to a renewal of “natural-law economics.” If such a renewal occurs, it won’t be because economists have decided to sit down and learn from philosophers (or, God forbid, theologians)—nothing could be farther from their minds—but for the same reason as the last seismic shift in economics, which began in the 1870s: a growing number of economists are finding the current state of economic theory a professional embarrassment. Of course, I may be underestimating the average economist’s threshold of embarrassment. But let me explain the nature of that * John D. Mueller is Associate Scholar of the Ethics and Public Policy Center and president of LBMC LLC, a financial-markets forecasting firm. For most of the 1980s he was Economic Counsel to the House Republican Conference...
Words: 10147 - Pages: 41
...Licensed to: iChapters User Licensed to: iChapters User 6e FIFTH EDITION COMMUNICATION in Our Lives LINEBERGER DISTINGUISHED PROFESSOR OF HUMANITIES CAROLINE H. AND THOMAS S. ROYSTER DISTINGUISHED PROFESSOR OF GRADUATE EDUCATION THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA AT CHAPEL HILL Australia . Brazil . C anada . M exico . Singap ore . Spain . Uniited Kingdom . United States Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Licensed to: iChapters User This is an electronic version of the print textbook. Due to electronic rights restrictions, some third party content may be suppressed. Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. The publisher reserves the right to remove content from this title at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. For valuable information on pricing, previous editions, changes to current editions, and alternate formats, please visit www.cengage.com/highered to search by ISBN#, author, title, or keyword for materials in your areas of interest. ...
Words: 58631 - Pages: 235
...International Relations: Contemporary Issues and Actors Elective, 2nd year BA ES, Period 3 (4.5 ECTs) 1. General overview 2. Organisational Issues 3. Participation 4. Attendance rules 5. Grading 6. Essay questions 7. Main rationale and acquired skills 8. Changes introduced to last year’s course 9. Lectures 10. Tutorials 11. Essay writing - Quality criteria 3 4 6 9 10 10 14 15 16 17 36 2 1. General Overview This course is about how we understand International Relations (IR) and what major international actors operate in a number of contemporary policy areas. As it serves as an introduction to the discipline of IR, it starts with some of the basic concepts in it: e.g. war and peace; the role of the state, etc. This is complemented by introducing the role of International (governmental) Organizations (IOs) such as the UN, WTO, NATO, the EU, OSCE, CoE; and International Non-Governmental Organizations (INGOs), such as Amnesty International; Greenpeace; Medicins Sans Frontieres; etc. The course also introduces the role of the individual and self-organized groups of individuals that claim actorness in IR (advocacy groups; epistemic communities, policy networks; guerrillas; pirates; terrorist groups, etc.). In covering these issues, students are acquainted with some of the main theoretical debates in IR (e.g. Neo-Realism; Neo-Liberal Institutionalism; Social Constructivism; etc.). The lectures provide the general framework for discussing the role of the abovementioned...
Words: 8192 - Pages: 33
...Colorado at Boulder Aamodt, M. G., & Kimbrough, W. W. (1982). Effects of group heterogeneity on quality of task solutions. Psychological Review, 50, 171-174. Abbey, D. S. (1982). Conflict in unstructured groups: An explanation from control-theory. Psychological Reports, 51, 177-178. Abele, A. E. (2003). The dynamics of masculine-agentic and feminine-communal traits: Findings from a prospective study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 768-776. Abele, A., Gendolla, G. H. E., & Petzold, P. (1998). Positive mood and in-group—out-group differentiation in a minimal group setting. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24, 1343-1357. Aberson, C. L., Healy, M., & Romero, V. (2000). Ingroup bias and self-esteem: A meta-analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 4, 157-173. Abougendia, M., Joyce, A. S., Piper, W. E., & Ogrodniczuk, J. S. (2004). Alliance as a mediator of expectancy effects in short-term group psychotherapy. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 8, 3-12. Abraham, A. (1973a). Group tensions as measured by configurations of different self and transself aspects. Group Process, 5, 71-89. Abraham, A. (1973b). A model for exploring intra and interindividual processes in groups. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 23, 3-22. Abraham, A. (1974-1975). Processes in groups. Bulletin de Psychogie, 28, 746-758. Abraham, A., Geffroy, Y., & Ancelin-Schutzenberger, A. (1980). A method for analyzing group interaction: Development...
Words: 146784 - Pages: 588
...some pedagogical processes that are salient at all levels, such as word recognition, vocabulary, and comprehension), we took a different approach. We decided to focus on reading as a fundamentally cognitive process that can be influenced by contextual forces at many levels, most notably for education, schools, and policy environments. Thus we deal with the fundamental psychological aspects of reading—word level processes (including subword processes such as phonological awareness and decoding, word reading, and vocabulary, with all of its entailments), and text-level processes as they are grounded in structures, genres, and disciplinary knowledge pursuits. After the account of these cognitive processes, we turn to a setting-level analysis, in which we examine word- and text level processes within schooling (including instruction in English language arts and the subject matters of history and science) and policy contexts. As we unpack each...
Words: 20526 - Pages: 83
