...Khobar Tower Bombing Introduction: Terrorism, across the globe has many kinds of very complex meanings and definitions. Terrorism is a very powerful word, which creates fear in all the entire population of the world. According to FBI, terrorism is involving violent acts or acts which are dangerous to human life that violates federal or state law (FBI, 2015). Usually, there are many different causes that make people choose terrorism. Some of the causes include ideologies, political issues, religious issues and socio-economic issues (Zalman, 2015). Terrorist activists in general think that they are fighting for a cause, but they don’t know that the way they chose to fight is affecting innocent civilians in a negative way. In the past also there have been many terrorist attacks on U.S., either directly in U.S. or outside the U.S. on USA assets, troops etc. The attacks include World Trade Center bombing, Murray Federal Building bombing, USS Cole bombing in Yemen, Khobar Towers bombing on U.S. force in Saudi Arabia, 9/11 attacks on World Trade Center towers and Pentagon (Bullock, Haddow, Coppola, 2013). Khobar Towers Bombing: Khobar Towers bombing was a very planned and coordinated attack on U.S. air force troops in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. It was known as the 2nd biggest attack in the U.S. history killing 19 military members and around 372 Americans left injured (U.S. District Court, 1996). A tanker truck is converted into a truck bomb known as Vehicle Borne Improvised Explosion...
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...On February 26, 1993, in New York City, an Al Qaeda operative drove a Ryder rental truck loaded explosives into an underground parking garage in the World Trade Center's north tower. The subsequent blast tore a hole five stories high into the building, ripped doors off elevators and caused dense smoke to curl high up through the tower's emergency stairwells; the explosion killed six and injured over 1,000 more. The attack, it later emerged, had been designed to topple the north tower and cause it to careen into its southern...
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...OSAMA BIN LADEN – American’s Most WANTED Osama Bin Laden: Early Life Osama bin Laden was born in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia in 1957 or 1958. He was the 17th of 52 children born to Mohammed bin Laden, a Yemeni immigrant who owned the largest construction company in the Saudi kingdom. Young Osama had a privileged, cosseted upbringing. His siblings were educated in the West and went to work for his father’s company, but Osama bin Laden stayed close to home. He went to school in Jiddah, married young and, like many Saudi men, joined the Islamist Muslim Brotherhood. Osama bin Laden is a terrorist extremist who claimed for the attacks on the World Trade Center in Sep 11th 2001 and is intent on driving Western influence from the Muslim world. Osama Bin Laden: The Pan-Islamist Idea For Bin Laden, Islam is more than just a region: it shaped his political beliefs and influenced every decision he made. While he was at college at the late 1970’s, he became a follower of the radical Pan-Islamist scholar Abdullah Azzam, who believed that all Muslims should rise up in jihad, or holy war, to create a single Islamic state. This idea appealed to the young bin Laden, who resented what he saw as a growing Western influence on Middle Eastern life. In 1979, Soviet troops invaded Afghanistan; soon afterward, Azzam and bin Laden traveled to Peshawar, a Pakistani city on the border with Afghanistan, to join the resistance. They did not become fighters themselves, but they used their extensive...
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... Write a 200 word (minimum) Essay explaining the Force Protection process using correct grammar and cite all references. Points of discussion must include: Why was Force Protection created? How does it affect Soldiers at every level? What are the pros and cons of this practice (give examples)? Make sure to cite your resources. Force Protection was created to mitigate and prevent hostile actions against DOD personnel and their families, resources, facilities, and critical information from threats such as terrorists, any other types of extremists’ cults not dismiss disgruntled former employees. Before it was called force protection the expression used to prevent terrorist attacks was “Anti-terrorism.” Not until after the Khobar Towers bombing did the term “Force Protection” exist. Currently force protection dictates how missions are performed and how military personnel conduct themselves on and off duty. The Force Protection Process is based on security measures set by the commander considering specific threat information or guidance from higher headquarters. There is a graded series of conditions to specify the threat level. Part of the Force Protection Process is feedback based process. Soldiers at every level whether in combat or working their civilian job need to be observant in seeing, hearing, smelling. Anything out of the usual should be reported to the proper authority. Force Protection Conditions (FCONS) including NORMAL – no current terrorist activity present...
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...Abstract Through the course of researching and writing the paper some very interesting things about resilience and spirituality have been observed. While one would assume that a person that exhibits great faith would be very resilient, that is not always the case. Resilience comes from an inner strength that can be magnified by a strong faith. In order for a person to truly have a high level of resilience, they must also have a strong faith. That faith does not have to be in God but it does have to be a faith in something that you believe with protect you and see you through life’s trials. While a belief in something other than God many help a person in the short term, it will ultimately fail them as everything falls short of the Lord. What is Resilience? Simply defined, resilience is the ability bounce back or recoil after being mashed, twisted, or bent. This is a fitting definition as I know that when I have been faced with trauma, I often felt mashed, twisted, or bent. It is such a simple word with a simple meaning but putting into action can often feel almost impossible. Putting this into action requires strength. A person needs to have a strong resolve and a strong faith in order to bounce back in the face of trauma. We are faced with some sort of trauma on an almost daily basis (Maddi, 2013). From the moment we are born we are participating in the Resilience Life Cycle (Dees & Huckabee, 2011). This applies to people of all ages. Trauma and the ability...
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...maker or type of explosive used. It has always been the driven by the research for our military to create more weapons and ways to keep them from detection. It started with humans looking at the objects, and then advanced to using X-rays and such, to detection dogs, dolphins, and so on up to today’s vapor detection systems. Current Reasons for Advances in Detection The following instances are just a basis for the push to expand our capabilities to detect explosives. It is a needed capability to protect our citizens. * 1983 Marine Barracks Bombing Lebanon * 1988 Pan Am Flight 103 Lockerbie, Scotland * 1993 World Trade Center Bombing * 1995 Murray Building Oklahoma * 1996 Khobar Towers, Saudi Arabia * 1998 U.S. Embassy Kenya and Tanzania * 2000 USS Cole, Yemen, Aden * 2001 9/11 From the IRA in the UK, to Hamas and Al-Qaida terrorist are everywhere including homegrown such as McVeigh in the Oklahoma bombing. The attacks on U.S. soil...
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...Osama Bin Laden Biography Osama bin Laden and His fusion of Terrorism Introduction: Osama bin Laden, born in 1957, comes from a wealthy Saudi Arabian family that owns a multinational construction business. He used his inborn wealth to finance Afghan forces fighting the Soviet Union's occupation of Afghanistan in the 1980's. After the 1991 Gulf War, he was distressed that Saudi Arabia allowed U.S. forces to remain in the Arabian Peninsula. To advance his agenda of expelling the U.S. from the Islamic world, he worked with other anti-Western fundamentalists to organize a secretive, highly compartmentalized terrorist network, known as al-Qaida. It is through his upbringing, education, culture, and wars in Islamic countries, that Osama bin Laden has sought to purge the Islamic world of the influences that he believes have corrupted and degraded it. Osama bin Laden’s family: Osama Bin Laden was the 17th son of 51 children of Muhammad bin Laden. His father was of Yemeni descent, and his mother was from Saudi Arabia. Osama's father was the dominant figure in the family, and Osama may have obtained his strong Islamic heritage from his father. "He had a tough discipline and observed all the children with strict religious and social code. He maintained a special daily program and obliged his children to follow.1 Over and above the strict Islamic teachings that he received from his father; Osama bin Laden also received religious indoctrination...
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...Hezbollah “The Party of God” Who Are They Ronald M. Reeves Jr. Columbia Southern University MCJ 6453 Professor David Milen Aug 30, 2012 Hezbollah “The Party of God” Who Are They We are not fighting so that the enemy may offer us something. We are fighting to wipe out the enemy ( Hussein Mussawi, Former Hezbollah Leader). Who are the Hezbollah? This little statement from their former leader sums it up what they are and what they stand for. Hezbollah is an Islamic Shi’ite group that has its origins in Iran and they also have a branch in Lebanon. Their name in Arabic means “Party of God”, it is derived from the Surra 5, verse 56 of the Quran: Lo! The Party of God, they are victorious, this group is not only a political party but a terrorist organization (Encyclopedia of the Middle East). The flag for the Hezbollah is yellow with a green AK 47 and green rocket truck with the entire globe in the background. The early history and foundation of Hezbollah, Hezbollah came around long before the Iranian revolution of 1979, they have strong ties with the religious scholars from Iran and Lebanon, These scholars or Shi’ite ulema studied theology in the academies in Iraq. During the 1950’s and 1960’s these academies were very active bringing together an Islamic response to nationalism and secularism (Encyclopedia of the Middle East). At this point we need to briefly discus the difference between Sunni and Shiite Musliams, the origin of Islam began back in 610 A.D. Sunnis...
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...possibility to suffer from a cyber-attack or even worse a cyber-terrorism, leaving our country at risk especially for those who work in the government defense agencies and private corporations. In 2003, the conflict with Iraq created a round of speculations that the United States was going to experience cyber-attacks in revenge (Clarke). But, since 1995 there haven’t been any reports of cyber-attacks that would produce panic or damage to U.S. infrastructure or that affects our military operations. By any means this is not a result of idleness by terrorist groups. Between 1996 and the end of 2001 there was 1,813 international terrorist attacks performed. To mention a few that involved citizen targets, there is the Khobar Tower Bombing in June 1996, the Embassy Bombing in East Africa in August 1998, and the USS Cole attack in October 2000. Between 1996 and 2003, to compare between terrorist attacks around 1,813, computer security incidents around 217,394 and cyber-attacks on infrastructure which they were 0, reporters have noted that the cyber terror on infrastructure are an unlikely threat to the security of the United States. In 2005, Cyber-attacks cost were $48 billion to businesses and $680 million to consumers. While a physical attack involves weapons against a specific target, a cyber-attack includes codes that are used as weapons to infect enemies’ computer in order to manipulate the software, system...
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...Al-Qaeda From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search al-Qaeda القاعدة Participant in the Persian Gulf War, the Global War on Terrorism, the War in Afghanistan, the Iraq War, and the Syrian Civil War Active 1988-present Ideology Sunni Islamism[1][2] Islamic fundamentalism[3] Takfirism[4] Pan-Islamism Worldwide Caliphate[5][6][7][8][9] Qutbism Wahhabism[10] Salafist Jihadism[11][12] Leaders Abdullah Yusuf Azzam (1988-1989) Osama bin Laden (1989-2011) Ayman al-Zawahiri (2011-present) Area of operations Worldwide (predominantly in the Middle East) Strength In Afghanistan – 50–100[13] In Egypt –Unknown In Iraq – 2,500[14] In the Maghreb – 300–800 In Nigeria –Unknown In Pakistan – 300[15] In Philippines – Unknown In Saudi Arabia – Unknown In Somalia – Unknown In Syria Unknown In Thailand -Unknown In Yemen –500–600[16] Allies Taliban Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan East Turkestan Islamic Movement Al-Shabaab Islamic Courts Union (dis) Jundallah Lashkar-e-Taiba Jaish-e-Mohammed Jemaah Islamiyah Boko Haram Abu Sayyaf Iraqi insurgents Caucasus Emirate FARC[17][18] Syria (alleged)[19][20] Qatar (alleged)[21] Opponents United States of America Israel International Security Assistance Force Syria Iran Afghanistan Pakistan Turkey Yemen Egypt Algeria Colombia Al-Qaeda...
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...Lebanon The Israel Hamas Hezbollah Conflict The United States and the Israel-Hezbollah War Prof. Jeremy Pressman Although American soldiers were not involved in the fighting in Lebanon and Israel this past summer, the United States was nonetheless a central player in the war. U.S. policy was defined by staunch American support for Israel and repeated calls by U.S. officials to use the crisis as a means to get at the root causes of violence in the region. What were the American objectives in this war? Does a preliminary assessment suggest that Washington took steps toward achieving them? How does U.S. policy on the Arab-Israeli conflict look moving forward? American Objectives in the Israel-Hezbollah War Two global foreign policy commitments informed the United States view of the Israel-Hezbollah confrontation this past summer; the war on terror and the democratization of the Middle East. Since September 11, 2001, the American war on terror has been defined to include several different international actors. In his speech of September 20, 2001, President George W. Bush stated that the war would “not end until every terrorist group of global reach has been found, stopped and defeated,” and that “any nation that continues to harbor or support terrorism will be regarded by the United States as a hostile regime.” In addition, he warned, terrorists could not be accommodated but instead must be met by force. This approach has most directly been applied to al-Qaeda and its satellites...
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...OPENING & CLOSING LINES OPENING STATEMENTS - My best staff sergeant; his performance is often characterized by unmatched excellence...promote! - Clearly a superior Element Leader--his sought after abilities greatly impact beyond his career field! - Stellar performer, whose duty performance and job knowledge continually set the example for his peers! - Dynamic, take-charge leader who motivates subordinates to achieve their highest levels of performance - Natural leader who inspires his subordinates to excel--can be relied on to execute any mission flawlessly! - Superb NCO whose advanced expertise and myriad accomplishments are an invaluable asset to the wing! - SSgt Dribble is a first-rate patrol leader who can be relied upon to execute any mission flawlessly - Superior Airman in a class of her own; her many accomplishments sets the example for others to emulate - Competence and professionalism highlight this Airman’s character, duty performance and drive to excel - Top performer; duty performance and job knowledge continually set the example for his peers - Stellar performer for whom not task is too difficult--simply give him a goal or a challenge and get out of his way! - Talented professional for whom no task is too difficult, she sets the tone for excellence amongst her peers! - Exemplifies leadership--demonstrates the ability to handle the most difficult and challenging tasks - Dynamic, take-charge NCO inspiring and empowering...
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...MCI 0210D MARINE CORPS INSTITUTE TERRORISM AWARENESS FOR MARINES MARINE BARRACKS WASHINGTON, DC UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS MARINE CORPS INSTITUTE 912 CHARLES POOR STREET SE WASHINGTON NAVY YARD DC 20391-5680 IN REPLY REFER TO: 1550 26 Mar 2012 From: Director To: Marine Corps Institute Student Subj: TERRORISM AWARENESS FOR MARINES (0210D) 1. Purpose. The subject course provides instruction on terrorism awareness for all Marines. 2. Scope. This course gives an overview on terrorism and provides guidance to individual Marines on terrorism and its effects. 3. Applicability. This course is designed for the Marine, private through general officer, in all MOSs. 4. Recommendations. Comments and recommendations on the contents of the course are invited and will aid in subsequent course revisions. Please complete the course evaluation questionnaire at the end of the final examination. Return the questionnaire and the examination booklet to your proctor. M. S. REICHENBAUGH By direction (This page intentionally left blank.) Table of Contents Page Contents ............................................................................................................................ i Student Information .......................................................................................................... iii Study Guide ............................................................................................................
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...Chapter 7: Statutory Authority Chapter Outline 1. Introduction of topics and concepts to be discussed in the chapter. a. Legal basis of modern emergency management in the United States. b. Budget authority. c. Program eligibility. d. Roles and responsibilities. 2. Case Studies a. The National Earthquake Hazard Reduction Program (NEHRP): Legislation to Address a Particular Hazard b. The Homeland Security Act of 2002: A New Emergency Management c. The Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000: A Shift to Pre-Disaster Mitigation 3. Additional Sources of Information 4. Glossary of Terms 5. Acronyms 6. Discussion Questions a. General b. NEHRP c. Homeland Security Act of 2002 d. DMA 2000 7. Suggested Out of Class Exercises Introduction No emergency management system anywhere in the world can properly function without statutory authority and consistent budget appropriations. Statutory authority defines disasters programs, determines who is eligible for these programs, provides the legal support needed to implement disaster programs and establishes the legal foundation for funding the programs and activities of the disaster agency. Without such authority, a government agency is powerless. Legal Basis of Modern Emergency Management in the United States The first recorded emergency management legislation in the United States occurred in 1803 when a Congressional Act was passed to provide financial...
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...OUTLINE OF U.S. HISTORY OUTLINE OF OUTLINE OF U.S. HISTORY C O N T E N T S CHAPTER 1 Early America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 CHAPTER 2 The Colonial Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 CHAPTER 3 The Road to Independence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 CHAPTER 4 The Formation of a National Government . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 CHAPTER 5 Westward Expansion and Regional Differences . . . . . . . 110 CHAPTER 6 Sectional Conflict . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 CHAPTER 7 The Civil War and Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 CHAPTER 8 Growth and Transformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 CHAPTER 9 Discontent and Reform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 CHAPTER 10 War, Prosperity, and Depression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 CHAPTER 11 The New Deal and World War I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 CHAPTER 12 Postwar America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256 CHAPTER 13 Decades of Change: 1960-1980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274 CHAPTER 14 The New Conservatism and a New World Order . . . . . . 304 CHAPTER 15 Bridge to the 21st Century . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 PICTURE PROFILES Becoming a Nation . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....
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