...ORIGINAL INVESTIGATION Benefits of Influenza Vaccination for Low-, Intermediate-, and High-Risk Senior Citizens Kristin L. Nichol, MD, MPH; J. Wuorenma, RN, BSN; T. von Sternberg, MD Background: Vaccination rates for healthy senior citizens are lower than those for senior citizens with underlying medical conditions such as chronic heart or lung disease. Uncertainty about the benefits of influenza vaccination for healthy senior citizens may contribute to lower rates of utilization in this group. Objective: To clarify the benefits of influenza vaccina- tion among low-risk senior citizens while concurrently assessing the benefits for intermediate- and high-risk senior citizens. Methods: All elderly members of a large health maintenance organization were included in each of 6 consecutive study cohorts. Subjects were grouped according to risk status: high risk (having heart or lung disease), intermediate risk (having diabetes, renal disease, stroke and/or dementia, or rheumatologic disease), and low risk. Outcomes were compared between vaccinated and unvaccinated subjects after controlling for baseline demographic and health characteristics. Results: There were more than 20 000 subjects in each pitalizations (P .001), a 32% decrease in hospitalizations for all respiratory conditions (P .001), and a 27% decrease in hospitalizations for congestive heart failure (P .001). Immunization was also associated with a 50% reduction in all-cause mortality (P .001). Within the risk...
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...ALAM INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT Name Student ID Date Of Birth Contact Number Email Address House Address : Usamah Bin Zaid :012014050841 : 23 Aug 1983 : 019-602 2006 : usamah@asetsb.com.my : Lot 10, Jalan SP 6 Sri Petaling, 57000, KL Occupation Employer : Business Executive : Alam Sekitar EcoTechnology Sdn Bhd Usamah Bin Zaid Total Quality Management 1|Page SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES TABLE OF CONTENT MANAGEMENT AND SCIENCE UNIVERSITY, SHAH ALAM 1.0 Brief Introduction to selected organisation…………………………………..………….3 2.0 Comparing and contrasting the QMT used in the selected organisation…………….4 3.0 Analysis of findings……………………………………………………………………....8 4.0 Recommendations on quality management and conclusion…….……………….........8 Usamah Bin Zaid Total Quality Management 2|Page SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES MANAGEMENT AND SCIENCE UNIVERSITY, SHAH ALAM Brief Introduction to selected organisations: Panasonic Corporation formerly known as Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. is a Japanese multinational electronics corporation headquartered in Kadoma, Osaka, Japan. The company was founded in 1918, and has grown to become one of the largest Japanese electronics producers alongside Sony, Hitachi, Toshiba and Canon Inc. In addition to electronics, it offers non-electronic products and services such as home renovation services. Panasonic is the world's fourth-largest television manufacturer by 2012 market share. Panasonic was founded in 1918 by Konosuke...
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...Introduction Retail can be defined as the sale of physical goods, merchandise and any services to the consumers for their personal, family or household for direct consumption. In most of the retail industry, every sales transaction involves the final consumers. Retail industry is categorized as the service factors which made a positive impact on the economic growth of Malaysia. In Malaysia, the retail sector is strictly regulated by Ministry of Domestic Trade and Consumer Affairs (MDTCA) through the committee of retail trade. The growth of retail industry is always having a direct positive relationship with the economic growth. The phenomenon can be easily explained as when economic slowdown, the retail industry is expected to face challenges as the consumers begin to reduce and limit down their expenditures which will eventually reduce the retailer’s revenue and profit. For example, in an economic recession, fewer consumers will think about buying a pair of new shoes to avoid an extra financial burden. In addition, the increasing price of basic commodities will cause the retailers to face cost pressures which reduce their profit margin. Background of NIKE Company Nike Company is one of the largest retailers that involved in Malaysia’s retail sector. It involves in the athletic footwear retail industry as its primary main focus is on supplying sportswear. It is the leading retail marketer of sport apparel, athletic shoes and a major manufacturer of sporting equipments...
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...Foreign direct investment (FDI) occurs when a firm invests funds in business activities out of its country of origin. In order for a firm to become involved in FDI, three conditions of Dunning’s Eclectic Theory (1993); (1) ownership, that is a company possessing an advantage which gives them a competitive edge in the international market as compared to its domestic market, (2) location, where the country a company intends to invest in must have the right pull factors which will be in favour of the investing company, and (3) internalisation, that is transferring the company’s ownership advantage is more beneficial than selling it off, must be satisfied. Emerging countries focus and rely heavily on FDI as it is a vital element which assists in boosting the country’s development and economic growth. Like other developing countries, Malaysia too depended on FDI and benefitted greatly from the strong inflow (Shahrudin, Yusof, & Satar, 2010) and transformed from an agriculture-based economy to an industrial economy (Wong, 2005). Despite being an attractive FDI destination, as well as an eminent host country to foreign investors, Malaysia has seen an 11% decline in FDI inflow (U.N. Conference on Trade and Development, 2015). A country’s rise or fall in FDI is affected by several determinants such as the market factor, trade barriers, costs, and investment climate (Hill, Cronk, & Wickramasekera, 2014). This essay will serve to discuss both domestic and global factors influencing...
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...1.0 Introduction From the Malaysian perspective, to begin with, there must first be a tax liability under the Malaysian Income Tax Act, 1967 (ITA). Once this is established, then one has to check the provisions in the DTA to see whether a reduction of tax rate or total elimination is available. If so, the DTA must be respected. This is clearly provided in the ITA, namely S 132(1) which states that if the Minister by statutory order declares that arrangements set out in such order been made by the with the government of any territory outside Malaysia in order to give to the relief of double taxation in relation to tax beneath this Act and any other foreign tax territory and it was is expedient that those arrangements should have effect (Choong, 2013). Next, as long as the order remains in force, those arrangements shall be effective in relation to tax beneath this Act notwithstanding anything in any written law. Whilst the above law is quite clear, there have been litigations on this aspect. And, as expected, it has been established that due respect should always be given to the DTAs that the Malaysian Government has entered into (Choong, 2013). 2.0 Scope of DTAs Double Taxation Agreement (DTA) is a deal between two nations who want to avoid double taxation by determining the taxing rights of each nation taking into consideration cross-border flows of revenues and provide tax credits or exemptions to eliminating double taxation (Yong, 2012). The objective of the DTA Malaysia...
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...6.0 CUSTOMER ANALYSIS 17 7.0 INTERNAL CAPABILITIES & CORE COMPETENCIES 19 Table 8: Comparison of Malaysia’s Top Players in Low Cost Carriers’ Marketing Program 20 9.0 FINANCIAL AND MARKETING EVALUATION OF AIRASIA 23 9.1 Evaluation of AirAsia’s financial status using 2007 and 2008 annual reports 23 Table 9 : AirAsia’s financial status in 2007 and 2008 23 9.2 Financial Evaluation for AirAsia as compared to Malaysia Airline [MAS]. 24 Table 10 : AirAsia’s financial status as compared to MAS in 2007 and 2008 24 9.3 Marketing Metrics 25 Table 11: Marketing metrics 25 10.0 PROBLEM IDENTIFIED AND THE ALTERNATIVES 25 11.0 REFERENCE LIST 27 1.0 INTRODUCTION AirAsia is a low cost carrier [LCC] based in Kuala Lumpur [KL], Malaysia. Tony Fernandes founded AirAsia in 2001 which has expanded rapidly into an award-winning and profit-yielding company, grabbing the title of World’s Best Low Cost Airline by Skytrax (AirAsia, 2009a). From hubs located in Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia, more than 400 flights operate to 61 domestic and international destinations utilising a fleet of...
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...Thesis for the Degree of Master of...? INCORPORATING LIQUIDITY RISK INTO VAR MODEL TO IMPROVE RISK MANAGEMENT AND APPLYING THE LIQUIDITY ADJUSTED VALUE AT RISK MODEL ON VIETNAMESE STOCK MARKET Student: Ten truong: Ten khoa hoc: September, 2012 INCORPORATING LIQUIDITY RISK INTO VAR MODEL TO IMPROVE RISK MANAGEMENT AND APPLYING THE LIQUIDITY ADJUSTED VALUE AT RISK MODEL ON VIETNAMESE STOCK MARKET by student Avised by Ten giao su Submitted to Ten khoa of Ten truong in the partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of ...? Dissertation Committee ...Ten thanh vien hoi dong ABSTRACT In this paper, based on Bangia et. al (1999) Liquidity Adjusted Value at Risk, an explanation and demonstration for the importance of integrate liquidity risk component into Value at Risk Model are presented. The component is considered to be resulted from the exogenous liquidity risk, indeed, the bid-ask spread of a stock or a portfolio. This research is conducted from the analysis of an estimation of Value at Risk (VaR) and Liquidity adjusted Value at Risk for two portfolios containing stocks that are currently trading on Vietnamese Stock Market. After applying the Bangia Model to calculate, the backtesting will be executed to check the accuracy level of the results. The difference between the results of two portfolios, according to separate approaches will be the evidence to reach the conclusion of the research. Table of Contents List of...
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...Japan. Opening globally made Starbucks Coffee Company to record total net revenues of USD 9.8 billion for its business sales and operation. One of the Starbucks Coffee Company globally expansion market is Malaysia Food and Beverages Industry. Starbucks Coffee Company expanded to Malaysia in year 1998. The mode of entry of Starbucks Coffee Company to Malaysia expanding and operating its business through the mode of licensing. Berjaya Corporation Berhad is the company that obtained the license to operate Starbucks Coffee Company locally. Berjaya Starbucks Company Sdn. Bhd. Is formed and jointly owned by Starbucks Coffee International and Berjaya Corporation Berhad. Starbucks Coffee Malaysia opened its first store on 17th December, 1998 at KL Plaza Bintang, Kuala Lumpur. The business of Starbucks Coffee Malaysia basically are selling of espresso and coffee beverages, non-espresso and coffee beverages, coffee-related accessories and equipment, gift and merchandise, souvenirs, pastries and confessions. To date, in Malaysia itself, Starbucks had more than 141 stores operating the coffee business, and more than 700 stores across six Southeast Asian markets, including Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and, most recently, Vietnam. 2. WHAT IS MARKET SEGMENTATION Market segmentation is a process of dividing a market into distinct groups of buyers with different...
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...The Upjohn Company: The Upjohn - Pharmacia Merger 3 Business Analysis and Valuation Applications harmacia & Upjohn will be a powerful new competitor in the global pharmaceutical industry. For both Pharmacia and Upjohn, this merger is a bold strategic move to build a highly competitive company as the worldwide pharmaceutical industry continues to consolidate. The new company will be positioned to attain its goals of revenue growth above the industry average and operating margins exceeding 25% by 1998. Jan Ekberg, President and CEO of Pharmacia Proposed Chairman of Pharmacia & Upjohn This is a merger that truly constitutes far more than the sum of the parts. The new company will be able to take full advantage of uniquely complementary geographic reach, product portfolio, pipeline and R&D strengths. As a result of the merger, Pharmacia & Upjohn will have extensive financial and operating resources, market scope and earnings potential. Consequently, we fully expect the new company to achieve additional growth in expected 1996 EPS as well as acceleration of future earnings growth. Above all, Pharmacia & Upjohn is expected to generate significantly enhanced value for shareholders. John L. Zabriskie, Ph.D., Chairman and CEO of Upjohn Proposed President and CEO of Pharmacia & Upjohn On August 20, 1995, The Upjohn Company and Pharmacia AB, two pharmaceutical companies incorporated in the U.S. and Sweden, respectively, announced that they were forming a “merger of equals.” With combined...
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...Leo Wrobel ISBN: 978-0-8493-1459-9 Converging NGN Wireline and Mobile 3G Networks with IMS: Converging NGN and 3G Mobile Rebecca Copeland ISBN: 978-0-8493-9250-4 Delivering Successful Projects with TSPSM and Six Sigma: A Practical Guide to Implementing Team Software ProcessSM Mukesh Jain ISBN: 978-1-4200-6143-7 Designing Complex Systems: Foundations of Design in the Functional Domain Erik Aslaksen ISBN: 978-1-4200-8753-6 The Effective CIO: How to Achieve Outstanding Success through Strategic Alignment, Financial Management, and IT Governance Eric Brown and William Yarberry, Jr. ISBN: 978-1-4200-6460-5 Enterprise Systems Backup and Recovery: A Corporate Insurance Policy Preston Guise ISBN: 978-1-4200-7639-4 Essential Software Testing: A Use-Case Approach Greg Fournier ISBN: 978-1-4200-8981-3 The Green and Virtual Data Center Greg Schulz ISBN: 978-1-4200-8666-9 How to Complete a Risk Assessment in 5 Days or Less Thomas Peltier ISBN: 978-1-4200-6275-5 HOWTO Secure and Audit Oracle 10g and 11g Ron Ben-Natan ISBN: 978-1-4200-8412-2 Information Security Management Metrics: A Definitive Guide to Effective Security Monitoring and Measurement W. Krag Brotby ISBN: 978-1-4200-5285-5 Information Technology Control and Audit, Third Edition Sandra Senft and Frederick Gallegos ISBN: 978-1-4200-6550-3 Introduction to Communications Technologies: A Guide for Non-Engineers, Second Edition Stephan Jones, Ron Kovac,...
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...Executive Summary The primary purpose of this report is to state the marketing objectives and strategies for the extension of Café Coffee Day into the Northern Indian market. The northern sector has potential and growing demand for café retails; and through this report it would be clear as to how café coffee day should capitalize on their strengths and exploit the opportunities that lay. The general idea for the first year of extension is to build awareness and create the thrill and the excitement towards Café Coffee Day in North India; this is done with a long term view towards the venture as the first year would focus on building brand loyalty and image for the company to be able to reap the rewards from the second year onwards. The target market of the company is the age group of 15-29, consequently the medium and channels selected to market the products are those that appeal to them and is often within their reach. The other strategies, including the price, services, marketing message, and positioning is also created around the likings of this particular age group. The report would provide the details of the extension and other areas that require the attention via the action plan. And to further examine the details of the extension, the budgeting section would enlist the finances required to support the venture, and state the expected income sufficient for breaking even in the first year. From the report it is discovered that each outlet should target a minimum of 100 customers...
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...Cafe Coffee Day Executive Summary The primary purpose of this report is to state the marketing objectives and strategies for the extension of Café Coffee Day into the Northern Indian market. The northern sector has potential and growing demand for café retails; and through this report it would be clear as to how café coffee day should capitalize on their strengths and exploit the opportunities that lay. The general idea for the first year of extension is to build awareness and create the thrill and the excitement towards Café Coffee Day in North India; this is done with a long term view towards the venture as the first year would focus on building brand loyalty and image for the company to be able to reap the rewards from the second year onwards. The target market of the company is the age group of 15-29, consequently the medium and channels selected to market the products are those that appeal to them and is often within their reach. The other strategies, including the price, services, marketing message, and positioning is also created around the likings of this particular age group. The report would provide the details of the extension and other areas that require the attention via the action plan. And to further examine the details of the extension, the budgeting section would enlist the finances required to support the venture, and state the expected income sufficient for breaking even in the first year. From the report it is discovered that each outlet should target a minimum...
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...Harvard Business School 9-197-034 Rev. February 28, 1997 The Upjohn Company: The Upjohn - Pharmacia Merger Pharmacia & Upjohn will be a powerful new competitor in the global pharmaceutical industry. For both Pharmacia and Upjohn, this merger is a bold strategic move to build a highly competitive company as the worldwide pharmaceutical industry continues to consolidate. The new company will be positioned to attain its goals of revenue growth above the industry average and operating margins exceeding 25% by 1998. Jan Ekberg, President and CEO of Pharmacia Proposed Chairman of Pharmacia & Upjohn. This is a merger that truly constitutes far more than the sum of the parts. The new company will be able to take full advantage of uniquely complementary geographic reach, product portfolio, pipeline and R&D strengths. As a result of the merger, Pharmacia & Upjohn will have extensive financial and operating resources, market scope and earnings potential. Consequently, we fully expect the new company to achieve additional growth in expected 1996 EPS as well as acceleration of future earnings growth. Above all, Pharmacia & Upjohn is expected to generate significantly enhanced value for shareholders. John L. Zabriskie, Ph.D. Chairman and CEO of Upjohn Proposed President and CEO of Pharmacia & Upjohn On August 20, 1995, The Upjohn Company and Pharmacia AB, two pharmaceutical companies incorporated in the U.S. and Sweden, respectively, announced that they were forming...
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...Ingredient Profile, Functionality, and Regulations in the United States M.A. Heckman, K. Sherry, and E. Gonzalez de Mejia ABSTRACT: The consumption of energy drinks is rapidly increasing, as demonstrated by their large market growth. The targeted demographic group is teenagers, young adults, 18 to 34 y old; although expansion into nontraditional markets is also occurring. It is claimed that energy drinks can offer an increased energy boost related to their ingredient profile of caffeine, taurine, herbal extracts, and vitamins. Research suggests that energy drink formulations, in addition to increasing energy utilization, may also improve mood, enhance physical endurance, reduce mental fatigue, and increase reaction time. However, in most cases, the corresponding mechanisms of action are not clear. In addition, concerns have been raised over their safety and with a currently weak regulatory environment, efforts need to be made to ensure consumer safety. The objective of this article is to review the current U.S. energy drink market with emphasis on its market size, target demographic, active ingredients, potential benefits, safety, and regulations. Introduction Energy drinks refer to beverages that contain, besides calories, caffeine in combination with other presumed energy-enhancing ingredients such as taurine, herbal extracts, and B vitamins. They first appeared in Europe and Asia in the 1960s in response to consumer demand for a dietary supplement that would result in increased...
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...Reading (process) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For other uses, see Reading (disambiguation). Miss Auras by John Lavery, depicts a woman reading a book. Youth reading, Persian miniature by Reza Abbasi, 1625-6 Part of a series on Reading Language Language Writing Writing system Orthography Braille Types of Reading Slow reading Speed reading Subvocalization Learning to Read Learning to read Comprehension Spelling Vocabulary Reading disability Dyslexia Reading for special needs Reading Instruction Alphabetic principle Phonics Whole language Phonetically Intuitive English Literacy Literacy Functional illiteracy Family literacy English orthography Lists Languages by writing system Management of dyslexia v t e Reading is a complex cognitive process of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension). It is a means of language acquisition, of communication, and of sharing information and ideas. Like all language, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated. The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement. In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis. Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe...
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