History of Kodak
In 1880 George Eastman began inventing a single shot piece of paper that was covered in a photographic emulsion which was the beginning of Kodak. Three years later in 1883 he was joined by William Walker, working together they created a holder for photo plates two years later. In 1887 Hannibal Goodwin created a transparent nitrocellulose film base. In 1888 Emile Reynaud put perforations into nitrocellulose film. That same year Eastman trademarked the name Kodak and released the Kodak camera which came pre-loaded with a roll of paper film that could take up to 100 pictures and when finished the camera had to be sent back to Eastman to be developed and re-loaded with more film. In 1889, Eastman combined all of those inventions and created the first mass-produced rolls of transparent photographic film. T.he Kodak camera by folding collapsible Kodak cameras with nitrocellulose film, and by 1897 the invention of a folding, pocketable camera came.
In 1892 Eastman began working with Thomas Edison to trim the 40mm film stock down to 35mm. Edison then perforated the film with four sprockets holes per frame which was a patented invention but was invalidated later on by the court. It also created the Kinetoscope which was a single person motion picture device which helped create the movie industry and give way to advances to create movies as we see them today.
Eastman released a cardboard box camera called the Brownie and was very affordable at one dollar to operate, which was instantly a mass market success and was the first camera to do so. The Brownie invented the idea of a snapshot.
By 1935 it had developed Kodachrome, the first successful mass-market color film which is most famous for capturing The Afghan Girl that was taken by Steve McCurry that graced the cover of National Geographic in June of 1985. Also, the first ever x-ray was captured using Kodak film as well as providing the film for John Glenn’s orbit of eath in 1962 and the Lunar Orbiter program in 1966. Kodak also produced a camera to be used by astronauts on the Apollo 11 on the surface of the moon.
Kodak seemed to be losing revenue when the digital camera era began, although they were very innovative they could not seem to keep up with the competition with lead to Kodak’s decline.

History of Fujifilm
In 1934 Japan’s first cinematic film manufacturer Dainippon Celluloid Company spun off its troubled photographic division, the new company named Fuji Photo Film Co., LTD which already employed 340 people. The product line included motion picture film, dry plates, and photographic paper. Due to the high prices and low quality of its products the company struggled for three years.
Fuji set its first task to build their reputation in the domestic market which seemed difficult due to brand reliability, buyers did not want to lose image quality due to improper products regardless of price. During Fuji’s first three years the company saw constant decline in sales, increased loss, and struggled to pay for expenses to research. Fuji could not expand its company without proper finances if it continued providing the public with low quality products, therefore the company looked to a German specialist which they employed to assist in emulsion technology. Due to Fuji seeking help from outside sources and working together the company was able to introduce the first film as independent in 1936, as well as motion picture negative film which was harder to produce but also demonstrated the company’s ability to be competent in innovation. Fuji built another factory in Odawara in 1938 and color research began in 1939, but due to World War II the researched stopped. In 1945 bombing raids damaged two Fuji factories, but recovery during the postwar era involved more than infrastructural repair. Allied powers allowed civilian trade to resume in 1947 which was when Fuji began exporting to outlets in South America and Asia. Although the Japanese still held an acceptable reputation they also still fell behind in comparison to the technological areas of the United States and European production. Even though the company produced x-ray and cinematic film they did not produce large quantities of film for the amateur consumer market until the 1950’s. The company however did continue its research on color continuing on to produce its first color film in 1948. Eastman Kodak still dominated the film industry in 1970 holding more than ninety percent of the four hundred million dollar United States market, but Fuji’s color film became faster than Kodak’s color film requiring less light for good exposure as well as producing warner tones. Fuji leaned more towards the professional market and consumers who seemed more than amateur and more serious about photography and cinema production.