...ASAM 10 Plastic Surgery Recent study investigated that the rate of Asian American plastic surgery has been increasing through years. For Asian Americans, the three most common plastic surgeries are nose reshaping, eyelid surgery, and breast augmentation. Even though most of the Asian Americans decided to do plastic surgery based on different reason, their purposes are eventually similar, to look more Caucasian. Especially for American born Asian Americans, they suffer more between Asian culture and American culture. Plastic surgery might be an appropriate procedure for them to assimilate into the American culture. While Asian Americans are relying on plastic surgery to gain their assimilation into the mainstream, Asians in Asia want to look more westernized because of the ideal beauty they are looking for in the ‘white’. Asians are looking for the beauty more in westernized recently. They want to look better; beauty means so much to them. When talking about beauty, obviously it’s referring to female. Gender plays an important role here because according to a research group, 91 percent of plastic surgery patient were women, only nine percent were men. (Plastic Surgery Demographics) When plastic surgery is being mentioned, it is being referred to cosmetic surgery, to look more beautiful. As a result, the focus of this topic will be mainly on analyzing Asian American women’s story behind plastic surgery. Class status is also an important criteria in this topic. Plastic surgery...
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...Davies and Gil-Soo Han KoreAn coSmetic SurGery AnD DiGitAl publicity: beAuty by KoreAn DeSiGn Abstract This article examines the relationship between digital publicity and cosmetic surgery. While focused on South Korea, it also discusses China because of the conspicuous Chinese demand for Korean cosmetic surgery in recent years. In fact, China has become the largest export market for Korean cosmetic surgery. The analysis is based on the premise that there is a vital link between cosmetic surgery and digital technology in both these countries. We argue that the celebrity culture spawned by entertainment media has facilitated the normalisation of cosmetic surgery to the extent that it is commonly viewed, quite unproblematically, as a form of human physiological enhancement. The article examines the publicity surrounding cosmetic surgery (comprising media reports, advertisements and commentaries) to see how it is presented in the Korean media and on the internet. These findings are then considered in relation to the promotion of Korean cosmetic surgery in China. In the 2000s, Korean cosmetic surgery rose as a by-product of the massive cultural phenomenon known as Hallyu, or the ‘Korean wave’. Hallyu represents Korea’s media success: its entertainment products have generated enormous revenues since the first exports of Korean popular culture in the 1990s. In 2009, Hallyu revenues were estimated to have reached US$6 billion (cited in Oh, 2010). Cosmetic surgery was first promoted alongside...
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...The Increase of Plastic Surgery Worldwide These days it seems like everybody is getting plastic surgery without hesitation. Plastic surgery was limited before to repair or correct birth defects or injuries of people. When the procedures became less invasive, the doctor’s techniques improved and the material needed for procedures cost less, society began to use plastic surgery for cosmetic purposes. Cosmetic surgery has become more accessible to a wider segment of the population worldwide and be accepted in many countries as a normal procedure. There are many people from different parts of the world that are obsessed to change their physical appearance. In the article “Mannequins Give Shape to a Venezuelan Fantasy” Meridith Kohut who writes for The New York Times, talks about a Venezuelan business man who owns a mannequin factory and he decides to reinvent the figurine’s shape in order to reflects the curvy body shape of the Venezuelan woman and increase his sales with the new mannequin created. Kohut shows on her article how obsessed Venezuelans have become for international beauty competitions and cosmetic surgery, she even points out their socialist’s government concern about the commercialism associated to those cosmetic procedures. I agree with the author that shows the increasing grow in popularity of cosmetic surgeries and treatments in Venezuela. However, there are so many countries besides Venezuela that are tangled with the same cosmetic obsession and the procedures...
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...Rap Monster: Another member suspected to have surgery is Rap Monster. Backed up with his pre-debut pictures, some say that Rap Monster also underwent plastic surgery on his nose. He used to have a wider and flatter nose compared to his current pointed nose with a straight bridge--a change which could only be possible through surgery. Although the pictures did show that his nose became smaller, netizens were also quick to point out that the change could have been made by the angles or make-up. " "Tattoos might be a taboo in Korea, but plastic surgery sure isn't. Korea is even known to be the plastic surgery capital of the world. As it is common for ordinary people to have plastic surgery, it is no surprise that some Korean celebrities will...
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...implies, is through the visual self. This is supported by Thesander’s (1997) assertion that “the most characteristic aspect of fashion is its ability to transform objects into symbols. Clothes are transformed into fashion garments and the body becomes the fashion body.” (67) In this essay, I will discuss, using various readings, about how women’s bodies are moulded by society and how it shifts with the current ideals of beauty. I will also elaborate on how the body is used as a shell to depict what the inside holds, in other words, the identity of the being residing in it. I will use Michel Foucault’s theories to explain how the body is affected by the subjection of discipline and examination. Then, I will use the concept of cosmetic surgery to show how the body is an ongoing project to be worked on, and how its participants employ it as a tool to improve their image, thus their perception of self-identity. The first part of this essay discusses how bodies existing within societies are obliged to conform to social expectations. While being a surface upon which the text of one’s identity is read, it is also obliged to live up to the archetype of beauty, therefore, it is a...
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...Though thousands of people undergo plastic surgery every year, there are some side effects to the procedures. Some patients have experienced headaches, nausea and prolonged pain. Another common side effect reported is inflammation surrounding the area of the body where the procedure was done. These side effects generally dissipate over time but can be bad in the beginning. Individuals may also experience bruising in areas of their body. In “Beautysurgeries,” (2011), the current fad in cosmetic procedures in the Hollywood community is the practice of injecting collagen to produce a supposedly sexy pout to a woman’s lips. However it turns to inflated and unnaturally large lips. In facial surgery, bad plastic surgery can result from face lifts that are too tight, causing asymmetry and tightness. Some of them lose mobility sensation in their faces due to damaged nerves. Nevertheless, sometimes bad plastic surgery can cause pains, infections, allergic reactions and even death. It can promote to implant rejection, blood clots, nerve damage, pigmentation and skin necrosis to occur. Plastic surgery can also cause the difficulties to live with bad effect surgery. It can cause paralysis, deformation and excessive scarring. Breast augmentation and liposuction are two or more popular procedures that cause...
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...topic of cosmetic surgery on teenagers; however both writers express rather different opinions on how this issue should be tackled. The first text is called “Plastic surgery for teens”, by Valerie Ulene. The journalist addresses the issue of plastic surgery on teens and the consequences of this. To begin with, this article looks very critical upon the entertainment industry, which has created an image of perfection, which the majority, of teenagers cannot live up to. This is the negative perspective of things in this text. There are also some arguments, in the text, which support cosmetic surgery on teens. A lot of plastic surgeons say that cosmetic changes can help improve the self-esteem of teenagers. Having a cosmetic surgery will, according to the plastic surgeons, influence the way they see themselves and behave. But there isn’t any data which can confirm this. The second text is called “seeking self-esteem through surgery”, by Camilla Sweeney. This text also addresses the issue of cosmetic surgery on teenagers. This text looks very negative upon cosmetic surgery on teenagers. The main point in this text is to let people know, that when you are raised in a culture which is obsessed with celebrities and TV makeover shows, you are only presented with flawless people, who have a perfect appearance towards others, which makes it impossible not wanting to look like them. In conclusion it can be said that, despite their various attitudes towards cosmetic surgery, both texts seem...
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...teenagers be discouraged from doing plastic surgery? What is plastic surgery? Plastic surgery is ‘the process of reconstructing or repairing parts of the body by the transfer of tissue, either in the treatment of injury or for cosmetic reasons’ (Oxford Dictionaries, 2010). Sushrutha from India, who is known as the ‘Father of Plastic Surgery’, had carried out plastic surgery a millennium before Hippocrates as well as two millenniums before European stalwarts such as Celsius and Galen (Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery, 2009). Today, plastic surgery is becoming very popular among all people especially for teenagers. The number of teenage girls who underwent breast implant had increased from 3,872 to 11,326 in Washington, DC, USA. Based on the information from American Society of Plastic Surgeons, cosmetic implants have become very popular for all people. There were 32,000 women who underwent breast implants for augmentation in the year of 1992 whereas there was a high increase of number by the year 2003 which is 247,000 in Washington, DC, USA (Boodman, 2004). This shows that there is an increasing demand for plastic surgery. Although plastic surgery is very popular among teenagers nowadays, there are several negative drawbacks in having plastic surgery. Therefore, the main purpose of this essay is to indicate the negative drawbacks on plastic surgery in various aspects such as psychological, physical and monetary. Everyone knows that plastic surgery can help people improve or change...
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...1) Introduction Cosmetic surgery is a subset of plastic surgery. Also known as reconstructive surgery, plastic surgery was first performed in India around 800 BC by Sushruta, along with Charak. It was originally intended and reserved to assist wounded and deformed soldiers in war. Plastic surgery is carried out to fix a body part or facial feature that is abnormal and reconstruct it to make it appear normal. However, in today’s society where priority is often placed on physical beauty and a youthful appearance, cosmetic surgery which is a subset of plastic surgery as mentioned above is introduced. The difference between plastic surgery and cosmetic surgery is that cosmetic surgery is not needed due to a deformity or health issue whereas plastic surgery is. Cosmetic surgery is simply a procedure taken to improve a normal body structure or body feature to make it look better through surgical and medical techniques. Today, due to regular inventions and innovations in science and technology, the field of cosmetic surgery has become safer. However, no matter how good the technological advancements are, there is always the risk of not only the surgery resulting in unwanted outcomes but in some cases death may even occur which still make cosmetic surgery not worth the risk. This paper deals with cosmetic surgery. It states two major reasons why healthy and normal people undergo cosmetic surgery. It also clarifies the physical risks involved such as hematoma, scarring, blood...
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...A TEENAGER who is a Jehovah's Witness declines a potentially life-saving blood transfusion. Another teenager, self-conscious and strongly believing that it will make her happier, requests surgery to enlarge her breasts. When children and adolescents make decisions that may be against their best interests, should we respect their choice? In Britain last week, there was much discussion about the decision of 13-year-old Hannah Jones to refuse a heart transplant. Without one it seems likely that she will die in the next six months. The transplant would probably prolong her life by at least several years, and improve her ability to get around, be active and independent. About half the adults in Britain who receive heart transplants live for 10 years or longer. In Hannah's case, the transplant would carry the extra risk of a recurrence of leukaemia, which she had when she was a young child. Last month an article was published in the Journal of Adolescent Health describing the rising popularity in the US of plastic surgery for teenagers. These include liposuction, breast enlargements and tummy tucks. But the surgery can have complications, and there is no evidence that it leads to improved body image in the long term. Advertisement Some might see these contrasting cases as patient choice gone too far. Medical decisions for minors have traditionally been guided by their "best interests". Doctors are supposed to try to maximise the benefits for their young patients while...
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...Breast Implants In 1997, the United States had 101,176 people that went through surgery for breast implants and in 2000 that number more than doubled to 203,310; just in those 3 years. The first surgery that was ever performed was in the late nineteenth century; breast implant devices have been used to surgically enhance the size, adjust the shape and enrich the feel of a woman’s breasts. In 1889, the first breast implant surgery was done by Dr. Robert Gersuny, who experimented with paraffin injections, but ended with catastrophic results. In 1930, silicone, a synthetic plastic, was invented for use as a breast implant filler. In 1940’s, Japanese prostitutes had their breasts injected with substances such as paraffin, sponges and non-medical grade silicone to enlarge their breasts, believing that American men favored large breasts sizes. Silicone is a metal-like substance that’s found in nature when it is combined with oxygen which creates silica. Ordinarily beach on the sand and crystals are the real silica. For the silica to turn into silicone it will have to combined with carbon, which will form silicon. It is put though further process, which then becomes polymerized; this process combines the more complex molecules. That’s the method on how they make silicone. There are three ways in which silicone can be processed: A fluid, a gel, and a solid rubber which is known as elastomer. Silicone can even be found in regular everyday items like chewing gum, cleansers, suntan lotion...
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...Research Study and Ethical Considerations Research Study and Ethical Considerations There have been many cases which individuals have gone under surgery to improve their looks. Physician Malpractice is an area that has gone under scrutiny because the deaths of famous artist and movies star. As malpractices are beginning to unfold, society has come to realization that it is a major issue. Ethical issues that involve physicians who are not licensed to perform certain procedures and prescribing unpredictable amount medications to patients, which in fact, leads to death. These deaths raised concerns from licensed physicians capable to provide that service, but individuals are very skeptical these days to even consider many practices. Ethical Considerations As cases unravel, women, whom more are accepting in changing their appearance; have viewed ethical issues to relate to malpractices. According to "Legal-Medical-Ethical Issues" (2003), “A physician is civilly liable for his actions; the law is that tort negligence by the physicians may be punishable by dollar damages. Also, the physician may be criminally liable. Physicians owe a special allegiance to their patients. The usual basis of a professional liability claim is negligence; the physician has a legal duty; when the actions of such physician did not fulfill such duty harm may reset. Negligence is established by showing that without the physician’s actions, or inactions, the result would not have occurred. Physicians...
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...Not only do people accept plastic surgery, they embrace it as a solution to personal and professional problems. While appearance has always been important, mainstream acceptance of plastic surgery has created a society that values appearance over ability. Teenage girls and middle-aged women seek acceptance based on their appearance in all aspects of their lives. Teenage girls want to be the prettiest and the thinnest due to the pressure of society and their peers. Middle aged women pursue plastic surgery in hopes of enhancing their looks and looking younger than what they are. Today’s society is so centered on appearance that it can be very misleading to the minds of young girls and women. There are images of female bodies everywhere in today’s society. Women are used to sell everything from cars to food. Television and big screen movie actresses are typically tall, young looking and thin. The majority of these famous women have used some type of fad diet or practiced mal nutrition. There are articles everywhere urging women and young girls to lose weight. They make claims that beauty and the perfect body will provide the perfect marriage and rewarding lifestyles. Beauty truly is only skin deep. One cannot achieve what they desire based on their looks alone. You can turn on the TV or open any magazine such as US Weekly and see the latest cosmetic surgery that some actress recently underwent. There are publications everywhere promoting what’s...
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...On the night of your honeymoon, you remember running your hands through your husband's hair. You've always liked how his hair felt between your fingers. It was soft, wavy, and almost delicate. But, that was years ago. Today, his receding hairline and thinning hair cannot conceal the years that have passed since you first met. You know that looks are superficial and that your love for him goes beyond appearance. But somehow, you can't help but wish he had more hair. You've seen people on TV and on the Internet grow back their hair using the latest trends in hair restoration. The problem is you don't know how to convince your husband that he doesn't look good with a shaved head. No matter what his objection is, there is a way to talk to him that will get your point across. "But I don't want to hurt his feelings..." Men just don't admit it, but they also care about how they look. They also want to appear young, handsome, and oozing with sex appeal, especially to their wives. But don't expect them to say it. Try to explore his feelings about his hair loss, but do it in the right setting. For example, ask him to accompany you to the salon for hair extensions or keratin hair therapy. While awaiting your hair treatment, browse hair restoration ads and brochures together. In a casual tone, find the perfect timing to say, "Honey, don't you miss having hair?" "But he thinks it's fake and expensive..." Perhaps he has seen people who have previously undergone hair transplants with...
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...Shaping Parental Authority over Children’s Bodies ALICIA OUELLETTE* INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................... 956 I. SCULPTING, SHAPING, AND SIZING CHILDREN: FOCUS CASES.............................. 959 A. WESTERNIZING ASIAN EYES..................................................................... 960 B. HORMONES FOR STATURE ........................................................................ 961 C. LIPOSUCTION ON A TWELVE YEAR OLD.................................................... 963 D. GROWTH STUNTING ................................................................................. 964 II. THE LAW, MEDICINE, PARENTAL RIGHTS, AND CHILDREN’S BODIES ................. 966 A. BACKGROUND LAW ................................................................................. 966 B. APPLICATION IN SHAPING CASES .............................................................. 969 C. ROOM FOR REGULATION .......................................................................... 971 III. WHAT IS REALLY WRONG WITH MEDICAL AND SURGICAL SHAPING OF CHILDREN? ............................................................................................................ 973 A. THE NONSUBORDINATION PRINCIPLE AS A LIMIT ON INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS 974 B. CHILDREN AS PERSONS, PARENTAL RIGHTS ............................................. 977 C. MEDICAL AND SURGICAL SHAPING OF CHILDREN IS DIFFERENT ............... 981 IV. CONCERNING...
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