... Name______________________________________________ IB Guide to Writing Lab Reports Standard and Higher Level Chemistry 2010-2011 Table of Contents page 1 Explanations, Clarifications, and Handy Hints page 2 - 13 IB Laboratory Evaluation Rubric page 14 - 15 Formal Lab Report Format page 16 Error Analysis Types of Experimental Errors page 17 Error Analysis: Some Key Ideas page 18 Precision and Accuracy in Measurements A Tale of Four Cylinders Assessment of Errors and Uncertainties in IB Lab Reports Explaining Terms and Concepts in Error Analysis page 19 - 20 page 21 Mathematics of Evaluating Accuracy and Precision page 26 - 27 Rejection of Data page 28 More Examples of Propagating Error page 29 - 31 page 22 - 25 Typical Instrumental Uncertainties page 32 Checklist for Writing IB Lab Reports page 33 - 34 Please read carefully and keep this handy reference for future use in writing exemplary lab reports. Page 1 IB Guide to Writing Laboratory Reports Explanations, Clarifications, and Handy Hints The nature of science is to investigate the world around you. An inquiring mind is essential to science. Experiments are designed by curious minds to gain insight into wonder-producing phenomena. Hopefully, this process of designing experiments, doing experiments, thinking about experimental results, and writing lab reports will tremendously benefit YOU! IB Chemistry is the challenge you have...
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...Mechatronics BASIC MEASUREMENT TOOLS MTX 103 Fall 2 Credits 11 hours of lecture - 22 hours of lab Fundamentals of measurement tools. Topics include basic measurement, S.I. and U.S. customary measurement, precision measurement tools and dimensional gauging. Prerequisite: A grade of "C" or better in ELEC 101, 102, and 121; or concurrent enrollment in ELEC 101, 102, and 121; or consent of Instructional Unit. BASIC HYDRAULICS MTX 105 Fall 2 Credits 11 hours of lecture - 22 hours of lab Fundamentals of hydraulics. Topics include hydraulic power systems, hydraulic circuits, principles of hydraulic pressure and flow and various types of hydraulic valves. Prerequisite: A grade of "C" or better in ELEC 101, 102, and 121; or concurrent enrollment in ELEC 101, 102, and 121; or consent of Instructional Unit. BASIC PNEUMATICS MTX 107 Fall 2 Credits 11 hours of lecture - 22 hours of lab Fundamentals of pneumatics. Topics include pneumatic power systems, basic pneumatic circuits principles of pneumatic pressure and flow and pneumatic speed control. Prerequisite: A grade of "C" or better in ELEC 101, 102, and 121; or concurrent enrollment in ELEC 101, 102, and 121; or consent of Instructional Unit. ELECTRIC MOTOR CONTROL 1 MTX 110 Fall 4 Credits 22 hours of lecture - 44 hours of lab Fundamentals of electric motor control. Topics include electrical safety, control transformers, overload protection, ladder logic, control relays, electronic sensors, and other topics related...
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...In order to receive full credit each of your lab reports MUST include a purpose, summary, detailed answers to the lab questions which demonstrate your understanding of the concepts as well as a conclusion that summarize the lab and specifically addresses the lab’s learning objectives and relate them back to the data or observations collected in the lab. Purpose: Briefly state the learning objective of the assigned lab in two sentences. This assignment is for us to understand how to convert basic measurements. It is important to know how other parts of the world calculate temperature and other measurements so that we are on the same page and are able to communicate with each other. Summary: Detail and explain what was observed during the lab activity; this answer should be approximately one paragraph in length....
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...Lab 1: Measurements What is the scientific method? This week we will start with a brief discussion of the scientific method in general. This will be followed by a more detailed description of how the scientific method will be applied in this course. In the end, this discussion will give you the format for the lab reports you will write over the next 15 weeks. Our first lab will focus on taking good measurements, graphing techniques, and how to extract the important information from the data to reach a conclusion. You will be measuring round objects, so you are invited to bring different-sized round objects to class on the first day. In preparation for class, consider how round objects can be measured. 1) Brainstorm to develop the testable question. How does one measure the roundness of a round object? 2) Develop the hypothesis. Note: While the relationship in this lab is very simple and should be well known, this will not always be the case. This lab is meant to introduce the lab format without too many complications. If the diameter is increased, then the circumference is increased in a directly linear proportional manner. 3) Brainstorm for variables: The two variables that make up the testable question must be included. Identify the variables. Independent: Diameter Dependent: Circumference Control: Round objects 4) Develop the design table. | |D(cm) ...
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...CHEM 321 Experiment 1 Basics Review and Calibration of Volumetric Glassware There are three types of containers used in lab to contain or deliver liquids: volumetric, ordinary, and disposable glassware. Volumetric glassware are containers that have been calibrated at a specific temperature to deliver or contain VERY PRECISE amounts of liquid. Examples of volumetric glassware that we will use include burets, pipets, and volumetric flasks. Ordinary glassware has less precise volume calibrations and are used whenever the volumes do not have to be measured as accurately. Examples include beakers, Erlenmeyer flasks, and graduated cylinders. Disposable glassware (or plastic ware) is used to transfer or hold liquids temporarily and may not contain any volume markings. Examples include medicine droppers and disposable pipets. In this experiment you will be exposed to a variety of important concepts related to quantitative experimentation, including the proper use of glassware, analytical balances, and statistics. You will calibrate a volumetric pipet or flask, that is, you will experimentally determine what volume a pipet or flask really delivers. You will also calibrate a beaker or Erlenmeyer flask and a 50 mL buret. You will use these calibrated values throughout the remainder of the quarter. Construct a table at the front of your laboratory notebook to record calibration values or tape in the calibration tables from Chapter 2 of Harris’ 7th edition. How to read the level of liquid...
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...Lab Research Report SCI 110 January 27, 2014 Strayer University Lab Research Report Research in the physical sciences has often been limited by our abilities of safety observing and studying the phenomenon in question. Even before the thought of microscopes, it would have been impossible to comprehend the composition of the most basic cells. The exact issues are the current issues in the field of physical science today, but it’s particularly true in the world of physics. While new technologies exist to measure phenomenon, it is not always safe to do so in the field that deals with radiation, unstable compounds, particles and atoms. As a result, the technology that we have in the field of physics, but across the board in the physical science field of astronomy, chemistry, physics and earth science. Challenges in Measurements Over the years there have been many adventures that allow for direct measurements within the field of physics, there are still many obstacles and challenges to making direct observations. Physics is the study of energy and matter and the interaction between-both of which are impossible to observe with the naked eye. The first major challenge in making direct measurement in physics is the size of the particles being studied. To solve this issue, physicists study these particles indirectly through things like associated radiation, their energy, or the displacement of other atoms. Almost all measurements that have been made on atoms or...
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...2012 Polytechnic University of the Philippines COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT Sta. Mesa, Manila Tel. No. 716-78-32 to 45 2011 IE CURRICULUM FIRST YEAR FIRST SEMESTER | COURSE CODE | COURSE TITLE | Pre-Requisites | COURSE CREDITED UNIT (S) | No. of hours | | | COURSE CODE | COURSE TITLE | | Lec | Lab | TOTAL | HUMA1013 | Introduction to Humanities | | NONE | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | MATH2013 | College Algebra | | NONE | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | MATH2033 | Plane and Spherical Trigonometry | | NONE | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | NASC 2015 | General Chemistry | | NONE | 5 | 4 | 3 | 7 | INEN3342 | Industrial Production Techniques 1 | | | 2 | 0 | 6 | 6 | ENGL1013 | Study and Thinking Skills in English | | NONE | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | PSYC1013 | General Psychology | | NONE | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | PHED1012 | PE1 (Physical Fitness) | | NONE | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | NSTP1013 | CWTS / ROTC 1 | | NONE | (3) | 3 | 0 | (3) | | | | TOTAL : | 27 Units | 22 | 11 | 33 | SECOND SEMESTER | COURSE CODE | COURSE TITLE | Pre-Requisites | COURSE CREDITED UNIT (S) | No. of hours | | | COURSE CODE | COURSE TITLE | | Lec | Lab | TOTAL | LITE1013 | Philippine Literature | | | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | MATH2022 | Advanced College Algebra | MATH2013 | College Algebra | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | MATH2053 | Analytic and Solid Geometry | MATH2013, MATH 2033 | College Algebra, Plane & Spherical Trigonometry | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | MATH2052 | Solid Mensuration | | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2...
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...Lab Research Report 1: Procedures in the Physical Sciences Robert Hugee Professor Brian McCann SCI110024VA016-1134-001: Introduction To Physical Science April 25, 2013 One of the underlying challenges in astronomy measurement is the determination of precise distances. Without a knowledge of its distance, the size of an observed object in space would remain nothing more than an angular diameter, and the brightness of a star could not be converted into its true radiated power, or luminosity .astronomy. (2013). Direct measurement of the wavefunction had also long been deemed impossible because of the key tenet of the uncertainty principle. University of Rochester (2013, March 3). Getting around the uncertainty principle: Physicists make first direct measurements of polarization states of light. ScienceDaily. Large-scale surveying & mapping problems are also key challenges in making direct Measurements in astronomy. Pogge R.(2006) One of the indirect forms that the scientists have used is to resort to GEOMETRY to find the Distance. Parallax is one of the indirect methods where astronomers can measure the position of a nearby star very carefully with respect to more distant stars behind it, then measuring those distances again six months later when the Earth is on the opposite side of its orbit. Allen J.,Boyd P. (1997,April 15) The limitation of parallax is that it just gives distances to stars tp up to a few thousand light Years and beyond those...
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...University Physics I Lab Section: 81419 Lab Report Number: 1 Lab Title: Meaning of Measurement Name: Group Members: Date: 8/27/2014 PURPOSE: Learn the basics of measurement and statistical analysis in context of volume and density. EQUIPMENT: Three different geometric solids: 1 identified as white cylinder, 1 identified as brass-colored cylinder, 1 identified as silver-colored sphere. Meter stick (wooden, displaying measurements in cm) Analog scale (zero-ed prior to experiment) Manual caliper Digital caliper (zero-ed prior to each measurement) PRINCIPLE: This lab is intended to reinforce the importance of using proper techniques to attain precise measurements. It further demonstrates that reliability of results from different measuring devices. In this experiment, the most rudimentary measuring tool was the meter stick followed by the manual caliper and then the digital caliper. Measuring each object five times should reinforce the different interpretations of team members as well as the variance between the different tools used to measure the objects. In addition to measuring the length, width and height of each object, the mass was attained through the use of an analog scale. While a digital scale would have shown a more precise measurement, the analog scale was a more appropriate tool with the meter stick and manual caliper as the significant figures produced by each are more comparable. After measurements are taken, the volume...
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...|School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science | |ELE569 Microwave Electronics | |CAD Techniques for RF Electromagnetic – The Network Analyser | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ...
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...Telicia Peet ENG 231 3/15/2014 How to Titrate a Solution A titration is a technique where a solution of known concentration is used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution (ChemMed). In a titration a solution of a known solute (titrant) is added to a solution with an unknown solute (analyte). The chemical composition of a substance is very intricate, and learning how to titrate a solution is the most fundamental step toward determining the chemical makeup of that substance”. When a substance becomes synthesized, it is important to know that it has the chemical makeup expected. The point at which the solutions meet is known as the equivalence point; here the amounts of the two substances are stoichiometrically equivalent. The endpoint is the point at which the titration is complete (Princeton). There are numerous ways to determine the composition and structure of a substance, yet this manual demonstrates how to titrate a solution. To conduct this experiment, he or she will need a burette, an Erlenmeyer flask, a lab coat, goggles, and an unknown solution to titrate. Typically this is done in a laboratory but anywhere with an ample amount of space is fine. The burette is used to dispense accurate volumes of a substance. Attached to the burette is a stopcock that is used to release or withhold a substance. Normally the titrated solution is purple, but the color of the titrant may vary also. An Erlenmeyer flask is a piece of glassware used to pour the substance...
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...Cardinal Ambrozic CATHOLIC SECONDARY SCHOOL HOSPITALITY & TOURISM TECHNOLOGY GRADE 10 – TFJ 201 MR. F. GROE Course Overview Hospitality and Tourism Technology, Grade 10, Open Mr. F. Groe Cardinal Ambrozic Catholic Secondary School Identifying Information Course Title: Hospitality and Tourism Technology Grade: 10 Course Type: Open Ministry Course Code: TFJ2O Credit Value: 1 credit Department: Technological Education Description/Rationale This course emphasizes the scope of the hospitality and tourism industry. Students study food origins, food handling techniques, food preparation, health and safety standards, and the use of specialized tools and equipment. They also investigate travel and tourism activities in Ontario, develop effective communication and management skills, and identify career opportunities in the hospitality and tourism industry. Unit Titles (Time + Sequence) Unit 1 | Safety and Sanitation | 10 hours | Unit 2 | The Scope of the Hospitality and Tourism Industry | 10 hours | Unit 3 | Food Preparation and Handling | 30 hours | Unit 4 | Food Origins and Tourism | 30 hours | Unit 5 | Communication and Management Skills | 30 hours | Unit Descriptions Unit 1: Safety and Sanitation Description This unit introduces students to basic principles of personal, workplace, and food safety in hospitality and food service. Students examine their role in safety and sanitation in the hospitality and food service...
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...not received any anticoagulation medications and proper technique is followed, hemostasis can be achieved for venous sheaths smaller than 9F in about 5 minutes. For arterial sheaths of 4F or 5F, hemostasis may be achieved in less than 10 minutes; for 6F to 8F, 10–15 minutes of manual compression is generally sufficient. If arterial sheaths of 9F or greater are used, compression time will need to be adjusted accordingly (Watson, & Gorski, 2011). Problems associated with manual pressure for hemostasis include poor technique such as staff fatigue, inconsistent pressure, and tendency to carpal tunnel syndrome related to hand and wrist strain. Alternative use of C-clamps or FemoStop can relieve the manual strain associated with holding the femoral site for extended lengths of time (Watson, & Gorski, 2011). Nursing management Cardiac catheterization has evolved into an outpatient procedure that has vital implications for nursing...
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...NUTRITION 121 HUMAN NUTRITION LABORATORY BACKGROUND AND METHODS MODULE #1 BODY COMPOSITION Late Labs: 10 point deduction! A report submitted >1 week late, will receive 0 points for the lab!! Written and edited by: Karon Felten and Nutrition 121 TA’s With Special Thanks to: Chris Pritsos Ph.D. Nutrition Department Chairman ABSTRACT: In nutrition, there are many factors that influence an individual’s health and body weight, such as heredity, food selection, eating behaviors, and physical activity. Scale weight is not always a good indicator of body fat, lean mass, body water or overall health (1). This laboratory experience will give students the opportunity to conduct physical assessments by evaluating body weight and body composition. To determine body weight and body composition, techniques such as bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, wrist circumference for determining frame size, and a scale will be utilized. Students will also evaluate their own risk for cardiovascular disease and assess cardiovascular health in volunteers by measuring heart rate, filling out a heart disease risk score form, and estimating oxygen consumption and energy expenditure through a technique known as the Queens College Three-Minute Step Test. BACKGROUND: Your body is made up of the six essential nutrients: water, fat, protein, carbohydrates and various vitamins and minerals. Many factors can influence an individual’s...
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...VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTATION OF PIN ON DISC INSTRUMENT Bona fide record of work done by K. VIGNESH (09P653) S. VIMAL (09P654) P. VISHNU RAM (09P655) S. ARUN KUMAR (10P901) Preliminary mini-project dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING (SANDWICH) Branch: PRODUCTION ENGINEERING Of Anna University, Chennai. MACRH 2012 DEPARTMENT OF PRODUCTION ENGINEERING PSG COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY (Autonomous Institution affiliated to Anna University, Coimbatore) COIMBATORE – 641 004. FACULTY GUIDE CONTENTS CONTENT Page No ACKNOWLEDGEMENT SYNOPSIS LIST OF FIGURE CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION...........………………………...……..………………………........1 1. VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTATION 1 2. LabVIEW 2 3. PIN ON DISC INSTRUMENT 3 2. LITERATURE SURVEY……………………..…………………………..………….5 3. PROBLEM DEFINITION AND OBJECTIVE……………………………......…….8 3.1 PROBLEM DEFINITION 8 3.2 OBJECTIVE 8 4. METHODOLOGY………………………………………………………….………....9 5. PROCEDURE AND RESULTS…………………………………...…..……10 5.1 Calibrating the Pin on Disc Instrument 10 5.2 Conversion of Time to Sliding Distance 11 5.3 Exporting Values to Spreadsheet File ...
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