...The Battle of Lake Erie Journal Summary After war was declared between the United States and Great Britain, over two-thousand soldiers invaded Canada under General William Hull. Less than a month later, Hull cowardly surrendered his troops to a much weaker army, leaving the British in control. Due to Hull’s surrender, Great Lake’s captain, Daniel Dobbins, was left imprisoned. When Dobbins finally escaped the British camp, he made a long trip to Presque Isle, later known as Erie. Here, Dobbins was guided to the President, James Madison, in order to relay the horrific news in front of the cabinet of the defeat. Dobbins, Madison, and the cabinet concluded that Presque Isle, or Erie, was the most suitable area for building a fleet, instead of attempting to invade Canada. Since there was not a navy base on Lake Erie, and Lake Ontario had more supply routes, Isaac Chauncey, naval forces commander, took control of the invasion. The well-respected veteran sent sailors and soldiers to the north, or Albany, by September, less than a month later. During this, Dobbins sailed to Presque Isle, a six mile land strip on Lake Erie. Unfortunately, the harbor lacked resources; therefore, Dobbins spent a small amount of two thousand dollars on supplies to build a fleet. Lieutenant Jesse Elliott, whose ideas clashed with those of Daniel Dobbins, commanded a small fleet at Black Rock that was within shooting distance of the British. Here, Elliott and Army Captain Nathan Towson, captured $150,000...
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... There are many variables to take into consideration when breaking down the war and how each positive and negative action has impacted our country. Importantly enough, the battles that took place on the Great Lakes significantly determined control over the Lakes and easy access for the British from the north. One battle in particular was the battle at Lake Erie. Oliver Hazard Perry was able to lead a fleet of ships against the giant Royal Navy. Throughout this paper I will discuss the buildup of tension on the lakes, hardship of building the fleets, recruiting manpower and supplies, and the infamous battle at Put-In-Bay. All of these events have a monumental impact on how the rest of the war could have played out. During the war of 1812 America wasn’t the only country having conflict with Great Britain. Great Britain was dealing with the Napoleonic wars lead by none other than Napoleon of France. This is important because this took heavy amounts of tension off the Americans because Britain was fighting a war back home. Okay, now we turn our path to Lake Erie. Early on in the war the United States didn’t put much emphasis on the importance of Lake Erie. Not up in till a couple of events took place on the lakes did the Americans pay closer attention to the lake. The first beginning with General James Winchester, as he was sent out to Fort Wayne to take command of an army being raised by General William Henry Harrison to give aid to the Detroit. As Winchester is in route...
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...Lake Erie Ecosystem Structure, Function, and Change Denise McSalters SCI 256 November 13. 2013 University of Phoenix Lake Erie Ecosystem Structure, Function, and Change Carved out by glaciers during the last ice age the Great Lakes contain 20% of the earth’s fresh water. The lakes provide the majority of the basin’s human population with drinking water, commerce and recreation. Lake Erie is the smallest of the Great Lakes, relatively shallow, and is exposed to prevailing winds. Lake Erie ecosystem supports a diverse group of aquatic and land-dwelling organisms who use the ecosystem during important life stages. The lake support high production of both residential and migratory species and is a center for regional biodiversity. (US Department of the Interior; US Geological Survey, 2013) Because Lake Erie is exposed to prevailing winds, it is particularly susceptible to intense wave actions and wind-generated changes in the lake level. The “seiches” or changes in the lake tides interchangeably flood and drain the coastal wetlands systems. The costal wetland systems encompass southeastern Michigan, northwest Ohio and southern Ontario. The Watershed is almost completely urban or agricultural. The major urban cities are Toledo, Detroit, Cleveland, and Buffalo. (US Environmental Protection Agency, 2013) The most obvious forcer of Lake Erie ecosystem change was due to the input of excessive amounts of phosphorus from mainly agriculture and water treatment plants. At...
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...25 November 2011 Lake Erie and the Maumee River are a crucial part of sustaining life in our area. There are many resources that come from our lake and river that if left unmonitored, could potentially cause damage to plants and animals and ultimately affect us. Testing for different variables of the water enables us to control the levels of these variables and keep them at appropriate levels so they will continue to be safe for animals and humans of our region. Our data on the overall water quality of this area was similar to that collected by other schools: the average overall quality of all the watersheds tested by schools in this area is 62, a medium rating. The majority of data from all other tests conducted had varying results and were not similar between location. The quality of water affects many industries that are associated with the lake. Because this region has the largest supply of freshwater in the world with its proximity to the Great Lakes, It is crucially important to the industries associated with it. As global competition in many product areas is growing, more companies in the United States are being forced to make budget cuts. To be used for industry, water first needs to be a certain quality. Thus it must be treated, but water treatment costs are increasing, with the cost of chemicals and equipment. So, it is becoming more important to treat water, but it is also becoming more expensive, as the quality of the water is decreasing, causing more steps needed...
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...Some 30 to 40-plus years ago, the Port Hood Bees were a force to be reckoned with throughout Cape Breton hockey circles in both intermediate and senior competition. One such squad, the 1975-76 edition, captured the Maritime Intermediate “B” Hockey Championship. I chatted recently by telephone with the coach of that club, Brian “Coach” MacInnis. “The Port Hood Bees were started in the early 1970s by Dougie Gillis and Alex ‘Moose’ MacDonald. Gerard MacEachern was another spearhead guy,” said MacInnis, who is employed in the race-horse business in Ontario as well as sunny Florida during winter. Every summer, however, he makes it back to Port Hood for a one-month stay. “I played with the Bees for a while, but then I got hurt,” MacInnis told me. “I then took over coaching until just after we won that Maritime title in 1976. I then moved to Sydney to work. I wasn’t involved too much in hockey after that.” Interestingly, leading up to playoff competition that season, the Bees’ opposition consisted mainly of teams from various leagues throughout industrial Cape Breton and the mainland, not to mention a couple of Sydney high school squads. “There was no league for us to play in,” MacInnis recalled. “So we would bring in teams on weekends from Sydney, North Sydney, Glace Bay and Antigonish for exhibition games. We’d also travel there to play. We took in the Sydney Academy and Riverview high school teams coached by Dugga MacNeil and Bob MacKenzie respectively. Those schools had...
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...Toxic Algae in Lake Erie – There Appears to be More Questions Than Answers A Review of “Huge toxic algae bloom expected for Lake Erie: Blue-green algae feeding off phosphorus from farm fertilizer that runs into lake” INTRODUCTION Blue-green algae blooms continue to be a problem for the ecosystem of Lake Erie and Raj Bejankiwar, a scientist with the International Joint Commission, estimates that there is a 99% chance that algae will once again be an issue this summer. Blue-green algae remove the oxygen from the lake, which contributes to the deaths of other plant and animal life in the lake. Blue-green algae require phosphorus to survive and thrive, and phosphorus has become increasingly available due to the use of large amounts of fertilizer on farms and the subsequent run-off that enters Lake Erie. It is important for farmers to use soil tests and do as much as possible to retain the phosphorus in their soil with minimal leakage. However without laws in place, it is up to individual farmers to decide how they will contribute to decreasing the phosphorus waste. The article’s objective is to provide information on the cause of the blue-green algae boom and indicate certain ways to reduce the excess phosphorus that contributes to the large amount of algae in Lake Erie. REVIEW The article, targeted at a general audience, provided the basic information on the issue of blue-green algae and their necessary food source of phosphorus, focusing on fertilizer as the primary...
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...Garrett Hileman October 18th, 1844 was the most disastrous flood that has ever hit the city of Buffalo since it was founded. The rising waters of Lake Erie came without warning and surprised the sleeping community. Many people were sleeping as the waters began to rise. For several days before the event of the flood a strong north-east wind had been driving the water in the lake to rise above normal levels. On October 18th a shift of the wind had taken place, and it blew from the opposite direction with astounding force never before or to be known to happen in Buffalo. With the sudden change in direction of the wind volumes of water began to build in a dreadful wave, which overflowed the lower districts of the city. The rising waters began at 12 o'clock (midnight) and in less than half an hour the whole lower part of the city south of the canal from Black Rock to the Hydraulics was submerged in water from two to eight feet in depth. The height in which the water rose to was completely unpredicted. Houses were blown down--unroofed--cellars flooded; in fact the great amount of damage done almost instantaneously. Upwards of eighty canal boats went ashore between Buffalo and Black Rock. In the lower districts there were many harbor craft and canal boats left by the receding waters, many canal boats being out on the commons, on Division, Eagle and Clinton streets along with many steamboats being taken by the rusing water and left abandoned. South Buffalo was dumped with miscellaneous...
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...categories. Avon Lake, however is not one of those places, even if it feels just as low in terms of progressive thinking sometimes. Avon Lake, Ohio, is a suburb nestled in the Cleveland area, directly on the shore of Lake Erie. We make fun of Erie, because we know it’s full of actual trash and carp mating on the top of waves because they don’t give a rodent’s tuchus, but we also know, deep down, that the lake is probably our best asset. Because of it, we’ve got beaches, ferry rides to islands like Put-In-Bay, and expensive shoreline real estate. If you live in Avon Lake, you know the following things to be true. To keep things lucky, we’ll narrow it...
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...Lake Erie : Causes and Effects of the Algal Blooms Over the years, Ohio’s largest body of water has been plagued with a plethora of environmental issues. Lake Erie has suffered from invasions of nonnative species, harmful factory pollutants, and waste water from nearby coal industries. Each form of pollution has depleted the the lake’s environment in some way, but none of these environmental hazards have been equal in severity to Lake Erie’s immense algal blooms. These blooms are caused by rainwater that drains into nearby streams, rivers, and eventually Lake Erie. This draining water is referred to as runoff. Not all rainwater runoff that makes its way into Lake Erie will cause algae to bloom at a quicker rate. It is the runoff from...
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...catching fire in Cleveland Ohio. The other was my personal brush with hot tub folliculitis as a teenager. The Cuyahoga River was known as one of the most polluted rivers in the nation. This river had caught on fire at least 13 times between 1868 and 1969. These fires causing millions of dollars of damage every time taking out boats, bridges and buildings near by. The fire of 1952 was the largest and most famous fire, which led to the environmental movements of the late 1960’s. Until the 1980's, this river was devoid of any fish or living organism except the Oscillatoria, which is a filamentous cyanpbacterium, which reproduces by fragmentation. The last fire of 1969 caused the movement that resulted in the creation of Clean Water Act, Great Lakes waster Quality Agreement, and the Environmental Protection Agency. These movements led to the halt of city sewage and factory toxins to be dumped in the river. As a teenager, I remember getting hot tub folliculitis after getting in the hot tub of the local gym known as Ballys Scandinavian. This id caused by the gram-negative bacillus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Hot tub folliculitis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the hair follicles. This condition presents itself as a rash similar to chicken pox. Hot tub folliculitis has led to organizations checking the pH levels of the hot tubs twice a day and also led to the treatment of chlorine to prevent these organisms that thrive to grow in warm...
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...The reading passage explains about how the zebra mussel population dominates other fresh water aquatic fishes and also how inexorable the mussel species. However, the lecturer refutes this and he uses other information and he says that the mussels can easily be controlled and the passage is exaggerating about the mussel. According to the professor the mussels were wouldn’t controlled because of lack of proper knowledge to deal with them. But now that’s not the case anymore. He explains that how zebra mussel population can be desisted across the European canal. The passage says that human transportation like ships are primary sources of invasion of mussels in the North American waters. As the ship uses Ballast water to balance the ship, the...
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...money. Attempting to carve the Erie Canal through the New York wilderness was “little short of madness,” Jefferson fumed. But New York governor De Witt Clinton refused to let the plan die. He remained determined to construct the canal—making water travel from the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean a reality. How would Governor Clinton carry out his plan? Clinton called on his fellow New Yorkers to fund a $7 million canal that would link Buffalo to New York City via Albany and the Hudson River. Engineers who had studied Great Britain’s canals developed the plans, and construction began in 1817. More than 3,000 workers cleared trees, leveled ground, and dug the ditch for the canal, which would cover 350 miles (563 km) and raise and lower boats nearly 600 feet (183 m) during their journey. When construction ended in 1825, the canal was an immediate success. The cost of shipping grain from Lake Erie to the Atlantic dropped from $100 to $20 a ton, and the time in transit was cut from 20 to 8 days. The Erie Canal carried such a volume that it repaid its initial cost within 12 years. Digging the Big Ditch “We are digging the Ditch through the mire; Through the mud and the slime and the mire, by heck! And the mud is our principal hire; Up our pants, in our shirts, down our neck, by heck! We are digging the Ditch through the gravel, So the people and freight can travel.” —Erie Canal work song Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Erie Canal workers excavate a deep cut...
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...Great Lakes Water Wars Introduction Water is a requirement of all life, as “it dissolves organic molecules…allows for transportation in and out of cells; and it is involved in many of metabolic reactions in the cells,” (Bennett & Shostak, 2007). Water is therefore in high demand due to its importance need to sustain life. With a rising world population and increasing world pollution, is the supply of clean water is decreasing per capita against its forever growing demand. “While about three-fourths of the earth's surface is covered with water, only about 2.7 percent of it is drinkable,” (Allardice, 2005) “Some two-thirds of that is locked up in snow and ice,” (Ehewnman, 2003). Water is in conflict between countries as the quality of clean water per person is steadily decreasing. The Great Lakes, the biggest body of water in North America, and supplies water to Canada and the U.S. and its rivers are also used for Hydro powered damns. This paper examines the Great Lakes water conflicts between Canada and the U.S., by observing the drinkable water that can be supplied. While also observing the legalities and regulations of who has the rights to Canada’s massive water supply. Even if the water is in Canada’s country, they may not have complete control over it. Many solutions from one side, such as water diversion, have created concerns for the other. Due to Canada’s high water supply from other lakes and river systems, they do not as dependent on the Great Lakes as much...
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...Resource collection #5 Alliterations Develop Awareness of Beginning Sounds Children can follow children on the recording and have fun acting out some of the movements: pig rolls & plays; lizard leaps; snails slide; worm wiggles; caterpillar crawls; diving dolphin. Ask the children - what’s the same in most of the sentences of words (i.e. pink pig plays, pen - they all start with the letter p). Jack Hartmann Chorus Clap your hands to the beat Sing these tongue twisters with me Pink pig plays in his pen Pink pig plays in his pen Plays, plays in his pen Plays, plays in his pen Little lizard leaps by the lake Little lizard leaps by the lake Leaps, leaps by the lake Leaps, leaps by the lake Slithery snails slide so slow Slithery snails slide so slow Slide, slide, slide so slow Slide, slide, slide so slow Repeat chorus Wiggly worm wiggles in the water Wiggly worm wiggles in the water Wiggles, wiggles, wiggles in the water Wiggles, wiggles, wiggles in the water Creeping caterpillar crawls by the creek Creeping caterpillar crawls by the creek Crawls, crawls by the creek Crawls, crawls by the creek Diving dolphin dives so deep Diving dolphin dives so deep Dives, dives, dives so deep Dives, dives, dives so deep Repeat Chorus Starfish Song for Teaching About Compound Words and Syllables Fran Avni Each object named can be followed by claps, snaps, or any repeated rhythmic pattern. The door can be knocked on, the bell can be rung...
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...The stocking of lakes began in the late 1800s in the wilderness lakes of the western United States. Lake Trout was the most common fish stocked because of its popularity among sport fisherman. Until the 1960s, the environment and its ecosystems were not considered in the process of stocking a body of water. In the 60s, it became widely understood how fragile an ecosystem can be. Now, controversy surrounds the different methods of stocking fish as well as its jurisdiction under the law. In this investigation, fish stocking will be examined in its history, basics, ecological effects, and controversial areas. At the start of the 20th century sport fishing was gaining popularity. With the rise in fishing came the need for more fishing spots. To fulfill this demand, the process of stocking fish was used and became very prevalent. Will Colby,...
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