...INTRODUCTION 1.0 Introduction: The present structure of formal education in Bangladesh, if especially considered, may be divided into five stages: the primary, the secondary, the higher secondary, the under graduate and the graduate levels. In this government sponsored education system the “HSC” level in the title is located immediately after the secondary level consisting of 11 and 12. After the completion of two years of study at this level, the students sit for the HSC examination which is the second public examination they face in the life. In the main stream system of formal education in Bangladesh English is introduced as a compulsory subject from class 1 and continues with the same status up to class 12. When HSC level is considered, English is taught here as a compulsory subject consisting of two papers each carrying one hundred marks To face the challenges of new century, the English textbook of class XI-XII has been rationally evaluated by foreign consultants and local experts. The evaluated and modified textbook was designed for introducing communicative techniques and for providing adequate practice in language skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing. But necessity of grammar can not be avoided in the context of Bangladesh. The purpose for designing H.S.C. syllabus is to make the learner competent in communication in the target language and which is similar to CLTA method in language teaching and learning. In CLTA usually a notional-functional syllabus is followed...
Words: 3549 - Pages: 15
...Independent University, Bangladesh Date: 15-03-2015 15th March, 2016 Dr. Muhammad Shariat Ullah Professor, School of Business Independent University, Bangladesh Subject: Letter of transmittal. Dear Sir, It is great pleasure for us that we have the opportunity to submit the report on “The impact of English as instructional design on understanding level of students” We have tried our level best to put meticulous effort for the preparation of this report. Any shortcomings or fault arise as our unintentional mistake. We will wholeheartedly welcome any clarification and suggestion about any view and conception disseminated through this term paper. Thanking you Sincerely yours Md. Shariful Islam Kabbo ID No.-1620997 Shakera Ferdous ID No.- 1621030 Md. Ashekz Zaman ID No.- 1621050 Chapter 1: Introduction 1. Introduction 1. Background English is the most widely used language in the world. It is spoken in many countries as first language (almost 375 million people) and as second language (almost 220 million people) in many countries. [https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language, 22nd February 2016] Bangla is the first language in Bangladesh. This language is used as a second language in some Indian States like West Bengal, Tripura, Assam. Almost 250 million native and 300 million people total speakers of Bengali Language worldwide. It is the seven most spoken language in the world....
Words: 1954 - Pages: 8
...of Minorities For Bangladesh Universal Periodic Review (UPR) 2012 Submitted by: Khalid Hussain President Association of Young generation of Urdu Speaking Community (AYGUSC) Founder & Executive Director Council of Minorities Former UN Minority Fellow-2008 Email: khalid.aygusc@gmail.com Cell: 8801911479073 Inhuman Camp life of Bihari Urdu speaking linguistic minority of Bangladesh: Patterns of inequality, discrimination, political and social marginalization of affected Bihari Urdu Speaking community in Bangladesh. UPR Bangladesh 2012 1 Introduction: One hundred and sixty thousand Urdu speaking Biharis are living in 116 inhuman camps in Bangladesh. In Bangladesh they are identified in the local society by different nomenclatures, such as non-Bengalis, Biharis and Urdu speaking etc. Actually they are linguistic minority in Bangladesh so that their nomenclature should be Urdu Speaking Bangladeshi. In 1947 Sub-continent created two historical events, creation of India, Pakistan and mass migration of Hindus, Muslims and Shik comminutes. When India was divided and creation of Pakistan forced the Indian Muslims to migrate from their original homeland to East and West Pakistan. Most of immigrants from the Indian States of, Bihar, UP and west Bengal came to East Pakistan. The majority of them were Urdu Speaking. They were called as “Mohajirs” meaning refugee, and later they became Biharis and Stranded Pakistani in Bangladesh. The founder of Pakistan...
Words: 2173 - Pages: 9
...Introduction: This study will take a look at the communicative language teaching approach with respect of teacher roles. The aim of this approach is to develop learner’s four basic skills in English language. I have selected the topic “Communicative Language Teaching At The S.S.C. Level: Investigating Teacher Roles” in Bangladesh as my thesis paper because at present most of the teacher of our country at the secondary level are trained through grammar translation method. Being trained through GT method, they are teaching English using communicative language teaching (CLT). So in this study the questions to be dealt with include what is CLTA is, where it came from and how teacher’s role differ from the roles they play in other teaching approaches. CLTA: Communicative language teaching approach or CLTA is a big term which includes the development of language learning or teaching from form based to a meaning based approach, the move towards an eclectic approach from a rigid method, the shift from teacher fronted to a learner centre classes . William Littlewood (1981) thinks CLTA means systematic attention to functional as well as structural aspects of language , combining these into a more fully communicative view. It is considered an approach rather than a method as its principles reflects a communicative view of language and language learning. According to Margie. S. Berns (1984,p.5)’language is interaction; it is interpersonal activity and it has a clear relationship...
Words: 1644 - Pages: 7
...LANGUAGE IN INDIA Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow Volume 12 : 1 January 2012 ISSN 1930-2940 Managing Editor: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D. Editors: B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D. Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D. B. A. Sharada, Ph.D. A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D. Lakhan Gusain, Ph.D. Jennifer Marie Bayer, Ph.D. S. M. Ravichandran, Ph.D. G. Baskaran, Ph.D. L. Ramamoorthy, Ph.D. Causes of Secondary Students’ Failure in Learning English in Bangladesh An M.A. Dissertation* by Mian Md. Naushaad Kabir, M.A. ELT, Doctoral Researcher The English and Foreign Languages University Hyderabad – 500605 Andhra Pradesh, India naushaadk@gmail.com *The dissertation submitted here is the slightly modified version of the dissertation that was submitted for the degree of M.A. ELT. The modifications include stylistic changes and corrections of the printing mistakes that were present in the earlier manuscript. No modification was made on theme or content or data analysis or their interpretation. Language in India www.languageinindia.com 12 : 1 January 2012 Mian Md. Naushaad Kabir, M.A. ELT, Doctoral Researcher Causes of Secondary Students’ Failure in Learning English - An M.A. Dissertation 1 Language in India www.languageinindia.com 12 : 1 January 2012 English Department Institute of Modern Languages University of Dhaka Causes of Secondary Students’ Failure in Learning English Mian Md. Naushaad Kabir Supervisor Professor A.M. M. Hamidur Rahman English Department ...
Words: 22358 - Pages: 90
...My Country – Bangladesh * Introduction : The name of my country is Bangladesh. It is one of the developing countries of the world. She has an area of about 1,48,393 square kilometers. The population of Bangladesh is about 16 crore. Bangladesh is surrounded by Indian territory on three sides and the Bay of Bengal is situated on the south. * Origin of Bangladesh : Bangladesh was not Independent before. The country gained freedom twice – once from Britain in 1947 as Pakistan and next from Pakistan on 16 December, 1971 after fighting a bloody fight for nine months. * Situation and Capital : Bangladesh is situated in the South East Asia continent. India and Myanmar are our neighbor countries. India is to the west, east and north. Myanmar is to the east-south corner of the country and the Bay of Bengal is to the south of the country. The capital of our country is Dhaka. * Climate and Seasons : The climate of Bangladesh is hot and humid. There are six seasons in Bangladesh. They are summer, rain, autumn, late autumn, winter and spring. The land of Bangladesh is plain and fertile. Plenty of crops and vegetables grow in the land. Rice is our main crop. Jute and tea are the main cash crops of Bangladesh. * Rivers : Bangladesh is a land of rivers. The Padma, the Meghna, the Jamuna, the Brahmaputra and the Karnafuli are the main rivers of Bangladesh. * Religion : Bangladesh is a multi religious country. People of different religions live here....
Words: 658 - Pages: 3
...wanted, every birth is safe, every young person is free from HIV/AIDS, every girl and woman is treated with dignity and respect. Because every one counts. Thoraya Obaid, Executive Director, UNFPA 1.1 BACK GROUND OF THE STUDY Bangladesh though a small country in area, is one of the densely populated countries in the world along with136.7 (BDHS 2004) million people having 953 ( national economic review 2007) persons per square kilometer. But it is a country of variety with different landscapes and waterscapes. The south- eastern hill tracts of Bangladesh including three districts Rangamati, Khagrachari, and Bandarban are the biggest abode of different tribal communities which occupy one tenth of our land and more than one percent of total population of the country. In Bangladesh there are approximately 45 tribal communities (MOHFW 2004) like Chakma, Marma, Murang, Khumi, Hajong, Monipuri, khashia, Garo, Mog, Rakhain, and the majority of them live in these hilly districts. The tribals are the economically backward ethnic group. They are food gathers, hunters, forestland cultivators, and minor forest product collectors. They lived in isolation with near to nature hence, called son of soil. Tribes constitute separate socio-cultural groups having distinct customs, language, traditions, marriage, kinship, property inheritance system and living largely in agricultural and pre-agricultural level of technology. The dependency on nature and impoverished economy affect population growth and control...
Words: 4245 - Pages: 17
...Question no 02: Examine the national achievements of Bangladesh by contributing peacekeeping operation across the world. Course name: UNO and World Peace Course code: 223 Student’s details: Bayjid Mahmud Sagar 7th batch & 6th semester Class roll: AF 103 CGPA 3.55 Peace and Conflict Studies, University of Dhaka. Introduction Forty three years after independence, Bangladesh has been identified as one of the next 11 emerging economies. In this financial year alone, its economy is expected to grow by six percent. Not only in economies it has established as well reputed in many sector. Now Bangladesh people working in united peace with dignity. Bangladesh is devoted and focused on the standards cherished in the UN Charter, the peaceful settlement of global debate. Bangladesh Forces have been joining in the United Nations Peacekeeping Operations (UNPKO) around the globe for over two decades. At this time activities of Bangladeshi peacekeepers are apparent in all the troubled ranges of the world, beginning from Haiti to East Timor from Lebanon to DR Congo. They had been all over the place and are resolved to remain so in the days to come and gained the certifications of a ‘Role Model’ in worldwide. About Peacekeeping Generally Peacekeeping refers to the active maintenance of a truce between nations or communities, especially by an international military force. Broadly refers to the deployment of national or, more commonly, multinational forces for the purpose...
Words: 1900 - Pages: 8
...A Study of Nike’s Operations in Bangladesh Through a PESTLE Analysis Sarah Seward-Langdon Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University MAN311 Business in the Asia-Pacific Region Dr. Donald Pak October 30, 2015 Word Count: 3,215 Table of Contents Executive SummaryIntroduction of Bangladesh PESTLE Analysis of Bangladesh Political Situation Economical Situation Social Situation Technological Situation Legal Situation Environmental SituationIntroduction of NikeNike AnalysisMini-SWOTNike in Relation to Bangladesh PESTLE AnalysisConclusionReferences | 344467789101111121416 | Executive Summary The Asia-Pacific region is a diverse and growing area spanning approximately 28,000 square kilometers worldwide (Lane and Waggener, 1997). Countries such as China, Japan, and South Korea have seen unprecedented growth in recent history and are now part of the top 15 world economies (Central Intelligence Agency, 2015). Although which countries are considered part of the region is heavily controversial, many professionals agree that it is one of the most promising areas for business investments. This paper aims to provide a deeper insight into one of the still impoverished countries in the Asia-Pacific region: Bangladesh. After a short introduction of Bangladesh, an in-depth PESTLE analysis will be done on the country’s situation. Before corporations decide to invest in a country, it is extremely important to have all the facts. Through a PESTLE interpretation, the advantages and disadvantages of...
Words: 4313 - Pages: 18
...Political Environment of Bangladesh: The political system of Bangladesh is followed by representative democracy. Despite being a democratic country the safeguards of democracy are not being exercised properly which have negative impact on business operation. Political unrest is almost a daily occurrence in Bangladesh which hinders the daily national and international trading system of the country. Foreign firms are feared to come in Bangladesh with FDI. Bangladesh is a democratic country in name but not in action. The following biased democracy safeguards are some of the main hindrances of international business in Bangladesh. Individual right to freedom of expression, opinion and organization are restricted. Media are more or less biased to the current government. There is more or less regular election sometimes major parties avoid election. There are often face to face clashes among the leading political parties. Despite being the court system is independent most of the times its functions are directed by current government. Corrupted political state bureaucracy Corrupted political police and armed force. This situation does not support entrepreneurship that’s why it can not make a man innovative. That’s why local business can not be strong. To be competitive in international business such political system and government is failing to make local business more efficient and more effective. That’s why Bangladesh is lagging behind in international...
Words: 1149 - Pages: 5
...sirajul mostafa 06 04 md. azizul mostafa 08 05 Moshfik- ur-rhaman 10 06 md. miraj talukder 12 07 Jenifar karim 14 08 md. saidul meher 16 09 Morium benta mahabub 18 Group No. 01 Course no. 221 Submitted to: Mr. Samir Kumar Sheel Associate Professor Department of Marketing University of Dhaka Submitted by: Name: Id: BBA 15th Batch Department of Marketing University of Dhaka Date of Submission: November 10, 2010 Letter of transmittal November 10, 2010 Dr. Samir Kumer Sheel Associate Professor Department of Marketing University of Dhaka Dear Sir, We the members of group one are truly happy to present our “term paper”on “Investment Environment in Bangladesh”. This term paper was assigned to us as a essential requirement of the ‘Macroeconomics” course in the forth Semester. The Project program was an experience of rediscovering our potentials. This report has given us an opportunity to apply our theoretical expertise, sharpen our views, ideas, and communication skills, and bridge them with the real world of practical experience, which will be a good head start for our future professional career. During the preparation of the report we faced some problems that have been erased out with your propound lecture and assistance in class lecture. Lastly we would be thankful once again if you please give your judicious advice on our effort. Sincerely yours The members of the group “one” ...
Words: 5133 - Pages: 21
...with a friendly disposition; I have been placed in positions of trust with a great deal of responsibility. I am an efficient and reliable worker, who can work alone or as part of a team. I can work well under extreme pressure, and remain calm with the ability to prioritise. Key Skills: Proven ability to organise, prioritise and work in a team and by self Excellent keyboard both of Bengali and English . Ability to use my own initiative Working Experience: • BGBA: At first started my career in BGBA ( Bangladesh Garment Buying House Association) as a Asst Secretary from September 2008 to Jun 2009. Make agenda for discussion with Ministry, NBR, Bangladesh Bank. Collect fees(Renewal) from Member, Issued certificate, Refer to foreign and Bangladeshi Embassy for new arrived foreign Delegates or Refer Embassy to arrange Business Tour in outside. Organize fair in outside of Bangladesh (Joint Venture UK and Bangladesh). • Infinity Apparel Source Limited: I worked as a Co-ordinator from July 2009 to February 2011. Work all types of Sales, commercial and financial related activities such as TT disperse, PI issued, LC review, Hotel Booking, Contact with Embassy. Correspondence with buyer. Make tour with Buyer....
Words: 617 - Pages: 3
...CHALLENGES OF GLOBALIZATION: HOW BANGLADESH CAN REAP ADAPT ITSELF TO REAP THE BEST BENEFITS IN THE 21ST CENTURY Lt Colonel Sharif Md Abul Hussain Dir Planning and Development, Bangladesh University of Professionals, E-mail: hussain2682@gmail.com ABSTRACT The study investigates specific information regarding the challenges of globalization faced by Bangladesh and how it should prepare itself to coup with the challenges. The result suggest that Bangladesh is not in comfort in coping with the winds of globalization, as it has less access to and use of different opportunities living at the margin in the hierarchies of global order with low technological base, poor infrastructures and governance in most arenas. The study also suggest that Bangladesh needs to be engaged with all its development partners in a healthy and constructive process of interaction on stabilization, reform programme and other critical issues like national capacity building, competitiveness, political stability, cross border terrorism, arms and drug trafficking, climate change and environmental degradation. The policy implication is that various economic policy orientation and utilization of resources should be as such that they can supplement economic growth in a sustainable manner and create avenues for employment. KEY WORDS: Benefit, Environment, Globalization, Governance, Infrastructure, Poverty, Population, Policy, Political stability, Resource 1.0 INTRODUCTION Globalization is a process of expanding trade...
Words: 6281 - Pages: 26
...JAPANJapan officially the State of Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The characters that make up Japan's name mean "sun-origin" which is why Japan is sometimes referred to as the "Land of the Rising Sun". | BANGLADESHBangladesh officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh is a country in South Asia, located on the fertile Bengal delta. It is bordered by the Republic of India to its north, west and east, by the Union of Myanmar (Burma) to its south-east and by the Bay of Bengal to its south. It is separated from the Democratic Republic of Nepal and the Kingdom of Bhutan by the narrow Indian Siliguri Corridor. Together with the neighboring Indian state of West Bengal, it makes up the ethno-linguistic region of Bengal. The name Bangladesh means "Country of Bengal" in the official Bengali language. | * POLITICAL FACTORS JAPAN | FORM OF GOVERNMENT | Japan has a constitutional monarchy as its current form of government. However the Emperor is only a ceremonial figurehead and his powers are very limited. He is defined by the constitution as "the symbol of the state and of the unity of the people". The Prime Minister holds the power with the elected members of the Diet (Japan’s parliament). Akihito is the current Emperor of Japan. Naruhito, Crown Prince of Japan...
Words: 4685 - Pages: 19
...The Emergence of Bangladesh By Waqas Aleem Mughal October 22, 2002 Summary A. Introduction B. Causes: International Scenario C. Causes: Political Situation 1. Attitude of Muslim League 2. Constitutional Deadlock 3. Absence of Strong Bond 4. Regional Politics 5. Provincial Elections 1954 6. Violation of 1956 Constitution 7. General Elections 1970 8. Boycott of National Assembly Session 9. Mujeeb’s Six Points D. Causes: National Issues 1. Economic Backwardness of E. Pakistan 2. Domination of Hindus 3. Role of Hindu Teachers 4. Urdu – Bengali Controversy 5. Crushing of Democratic Institutions E. Causes: Atrocities in East Pakistan F. Causes: Indian Hostility G. Critical Analysis The Instrument of Surrender Read Time: 12 Minutes Readability Statistics Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level: 12 * Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level Score: Rates text on a U.S. grade-school level. A score of 8.0 means that an eighth grader can understand the document. The Emergence of Bangladesh By Waqas Aleem Mughal October 22, 2002 Histories of nations are often marked with ruthless wounds. Time passes by but its scars never vanish. December 16, 1971 being the darkest day in the history of Pakistan ended with...
Words: 3317 - Pages: 14
