...Series ABCDE FGHIJ KLMNO PQRST 123 Printed by J H Haynes & Co. Ltd, Sparkford, Nr Yeovil,Somerset BA22 7JJ, England Haynes Publishing Sparkford, Nr Yeovil, Somerset BA22 7JJ, England Haynes North America, Inc 861 Lawrence Drive, Newbury Park, California 91320, USA Editions Haynes S.A. 147/149, rue Saint Honoré, 75001 PARIS, France Haynes Publishing Nordiska AB Box 1504, 751 45 Uppsala, Sweden All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright holder. ISBN 1 85960 236 3 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Contents LIVING WITH YOUR BMW Introduction Safety First! Anti-theft audio system Instrument panel language display Page Page Page Page 0•4 0•6 0•7 0•7 Roadside Repairs Jacking, towing and wheel changing Jump starting Identifying leaks Page Page Page 0•8 0•9 0•10 ROUTINE MAINTENANCE Routine Maintenance and Servicing Lubricants and fluids...
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...“Engine Electrical” Engine electrical – various pieces of equipment are necessary for starting the engine and operating it in a stable manner battery – it serves as a power supply for the electrical parts of the vehicle starting system – system that responsible for the start of the engine charging system – system that generate electricity used in the vehicle and charge the battery ignition system – system to ignite the compressed air-fuel mixture ignition switch – main switch of the ignition Battery: battery – the battery is the primary “Source” of electrical energy of a vehicle. it stores chemicals not electricity. two different types of lead in an acid mixture react to produce electrical pressure. chemicals inside the battery: * lead or sponge lead (negative plate) * lead peroxide (positive plate) * sulfuric acid and water (electrolyte) battery functions: 1. engine off – battery energy is used to operate the lighting system and accessory system 2. engine starting – battery energy is used to operate starter motor and provide current for ignition system during cranking 3. engine running – battery energy can be needed when the electrical load exceed the supply from charging system types of battery: * conventional type * low maintenance battery * high maintenance battery * free maintenance battery * hybrid battery * recombination battery battery service: * cleaning * jump-start * charging * adding water ...
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...Assignment 1: 2010 Project of the Year Award 2010 PMI Project of the Year Award Citing groundbreaking technical achievement and exemplary management, the National Ignition Facility (NIF), the first laser expected to achieve fusion ignition in a laboratory setting, has been awarded the Project Management Institute's (PMI's) 2010 Project of the Year (Seaver, Lynda L, n.d.). The Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore, CA was tasked to build the National Ignition Facility (NIF) by the Department of Energy (DOE). The NIF is a facility to produce intense pressures and temperatures that may, for the first time, simulate in a laboratory the thermonuclear conditions created in nuclear explosions. The NIF project was approved in 1995. Construction The stadium-sized facility was to be 500,000 square feet. They excavated over 210,000 cubic yards of soil, poured 73,000 cubic yards of concrete, and had more than 7,000 workers completed NIF project three week ahead of schedule and $2M dollars under budget. There were many challenges to overcome. One was the target bay which serves as the target point for 192 lasers had to be installed 45 feet below ground. Concrete had to be poured for 18 hours to overcome this challenge. Another challenge occurred 6 months after the ground breaking when heavy rains from El Nino flooded the NIF worksite. It took wet weather construction engineers 3 weeks to restore the project. Then a month later, crews unearthed the remains of...
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...INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE The internal combustion engine is an engine in which the combustion of a fuel (normally a fossil fuel) occurs with an oxidizer (usually air) in a combustion chamber that is an integral part of the working fluid flow circuit. In an internal combustion engine (ICE) the expansion of the high-temperature and high-pressure gases produced by combustion apply direct force to some component of the engine. The force is applied typically to pistons, turbine blades, or a nozzle. This force moves the component over a distance, transforming chemical energy into useful mechanical energy. The first commercially successful internal combustion engine was created by Étienne Lenoir. The term internal combustion engine usually refers to an engine in which combustion is intermittent, such as the more familiar four-stroke and two-stroke piston engines, along with variants, such as the six-stroke piston engine and the Wankel rotary engine. A second class of internal combustion engines use continuous combustion: gas turbines, jet engines and most rocket engines, each of which are internal combustion engines on the same principle as previously described. The ICE is quite different from external combustion engines, such as steam or Stirling engines, in which the energy is delivered to a working fluid not consisting of, mixed with, or contaminated by combustion products. Working fluids can be air, hot water, pressurized water or even liquid sodium, heated in some kind of boiler...
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...technology have been occurring rapidly. With the use of smoke detectors, firefighters have been more successful in the saving of lives and the protection of property. Even with smoke detectors getting more technologically advanced, researchers have still been looking into many more changes regarding smoke detectors audio alarm. The National Fire Protection Association also reports that homes with smoke detectors display significant differences than homes without smoke detectors. In 1930, a Swiss physicist named Walter Jaeger developed the first smoke detector by trying to develop an alarm to detect poisonous gases. Jaeger’s first attempt to detect the poisonous gases failed and he decided to take a break and have a cigarette. After the ignition of his cigarette, the smoke entered Jaegers device and it activated. Jaegers unintentional discovery of the smoke detector allowed room for advancement in fire alarm technology. Such advancement was in 1967, the first battery-powered smoke detector was created making it easily installed and replaced. In the 1960’s most businesses and public buildings had them equipped, and by 1969, the battery smoke detector received its first UL rating. During the 70’s, when awareness of residential detectors increased considerably, numerous programs started to hand out battery-powered smoke detectors. Due to this practice, deaths from residential fires decreased significantly. However, since the average battery-life is only one year long and most people...
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...How Autonomous Cars Can Change Transportation Autonomous cars are the new and upcoming buzz in the vehicle world as well as a very controversial topic in public and road safety. It is the newest innovation to come to the vehicle world since the “push to start” button replacing the ignition system with a key. Autonomous cars, more commonly known as self driving cars, have been sparking arguments against why normal cars,where a human manually drives and has full control of the vehicle, are safer than these autonomous cars that are controlled by an artificial intelligence(AI) program, which is pretty much a robot. There are different statistics that show the differences in safety and travel time between the two. Autonomous cars can and are improving road safety and traffic times. They can do this by having father reaction times and reflexes than a human driver. If a public highway is opened just for autonomous cars, or even just a lane, traffic times and be significantly cut down since they will be able to travel at faster speeds with...
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...[pic] Criterios de Calidad en el Corte por Láser [pic] |:: Planchas y Tubos de: | |[pic] | |Acero en General: |SAE 1010, 1020, 1045; Diamantada, T1 360/500hB; BORA; Zinc/Alum, Galvanizado, Laina Acerada | | |(Fleje azul), Templado; Cromo Níquel; Acero Rápido; etc. | |Espesores: |desde: 0,1mm Hasta: 20mm. | |Tolerancias: |desde: 0,1mm Hasta: 6mm.: ±0,2mm.desde: 8mm Hasta: 10 mm.: ±0,3mm.desde: 12mm Hasta: 20 mm.: | | |±0,5mm. | |Acero Inoxidable: |AISI 302, 304, 310, 316, 420, 430, Diamantada, etc. | |Espesores: |desde: 0,1mm Hasta: 12mm. | |Tolerancias: |desde: 0,1mm Hasta: 6mm.: ±0,2mm.desde: 8mm Hasta:12mm.: ±0,5mm. | |Aluminio: |Temple H. | |Espesores: |desde: 0,1mm Hasta: 10mm. | |Tolerancias: |desde: 0,1mm Hasta: 5mm...
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...CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 OVERVIEW Modern welding technology has just begun before the end of the 19th century with the development of methods for generating localized high temperature zones. Welding of new materials and a large increase in the thickness of components, developed only gas flame welding, which improves the welding as a demand to the engineer's known, is no longer satisfactory and the metal inert gas welding, tungsten inert gas welding, electron and laser beam welding has come. Welding is the joining process which coalescence of material by heating at some temperature and pressure and also with or without filler rod. The welding is permanent joint which...
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...1 Arc welding - an overview 1.I History of welding Methods for joining metals have been known for thousands of years, but for most of this period the only form of welding was forge welding by a blacksmith. A number of totally new welding principles emerged at the end of 19th century; sufficient electrical current could then be generated for resistance welding and arc welding. Arc welding was initially carried out using carbon electrodes, developed by Bemados, and was shortly followed by the use of steel rods. The Swede Oskar Kjellberg made an important advance when he developed and patented the coated electrode. The welding result was amazing and formed the foundation of the ESAB welding company. Figure 1. I Principle of Manual Metal Arc ( M M ) welding. Another early method of welding which was also developed at that time was gas welding. The use of acetylene and oxygen made it possible to produce a comparatively high flame temperature, 3100°C, which is higher than that of other hydrocarbon based gas. The intensity of all these heat sources enables heat to be generated in, or applied to, the workpiece quicker than it is conducted away into the surrounding metal. Consequently it is possible to generate a molten pool, which solidifies to form the unifying bond between the parts being joined. Figure 1.2 Submerged arc welding. © 2003, Woodhead Publishing Ltd WELDING PROCESSES HANDBOOK Later, in the 1930s, new methods were developed. Up until then, all metal-arc welding...
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...Project Security Plan A brief description of the company Company size, employees numbers, Customers Canon Inc is a multinational corporation specialized in the manufacture of imaging and optical products, including cameras, camcorders, photocopiers, computer printers and medical equipment. It has about 190,000 employees worldwide by end of 2015. Canon has Personal, Office, Professional, Industry business sectors, provide products and services to many millions of customers in each sector globally. History Summary From its humble beginnings in a 1933 Tokyo apartment, Canon has grown to become a monolith in the field of imaging. Once only a maker of high-quality cameras, Canon now produces personal as well as multifunction copy machines, laser and inkjet printers, toner and canon ink cartridges, and calculators— all in addition to their high-quality cameras. Canon began under the name Precision Optical Instruments Laboratory with the goal of developing a high-end Japanese camera to compete with the European brands flooding the market. That first camera was named Kwanon after the Buddhist Goddess of mercy. Just a short time later, Precision Optical Instruments Laboratory created the first-ever 35mm focal-plane shutter camera called the Hansa Canon—and thus the Canon brand was born. But it wasn't until 1947 that the company officially changed its name to Canon Camera Company, Inc. By then Canon had already introduced the first x-ray camera into the marketplace. By 1957, Canon had...
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...Acetone From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Acetone[1] IUPAC name propanone Other names β-ketopropane, dimethyl ketone, dimethylformaldehyde, DMK, propanone, 2propanone, propan-2-one, β-ketopropane Identifiers CAS number [67-64-1] RTECS number AL31500000 SMILES InChI CC(=O)C 1/C3H6O/c1-3(2)4/h1-2H3 ChemSpider ID 175 Properties Molecular formula Molar mass Appearance Density Melting point Boiling point Solubility in water Acidity (pKa) Refractive index (nD) Viscosity C3H6O 58.08 g mol−1 Colorless liquid 0.79 g/cm3 −94.9 °C, 178 K, -139 °F 56.53 °C, 330 K, 134 °F miscible 24.2 1.359 (20 °C) 0.32 cP (20 °C) Structure Molecular shape Dipole moment trigonal planar at C=O 2.91 D Hazards MSDS R-phrases S-phrases Flash point Autoignition temperature External MSDS R11, R36, R66, R67 (S2), S9, S16, S26 -17 °C 465 °C Explosive limits 4.0–57.0 LD50 >2000 mg/kg, oral (rat) Related compounds Water Ethanol Related solvents Isopropanol Toluene Supplementary data page Structure and properties Thermodynami c data Spectral data n, εr, etc. Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas UV, IR, NMR, MS Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Acetone is the organic compound with the formula OC(CH3)2. This colorless, mobile, flammable liquid is the simplest example of the ketones. Owing to the fact that acetone is miscible with water, and virtually all organic solvents, it serves as an important solvent...
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...legendary. One of Pollack’s underlings, Tamara Wood, was driving her new red Mercedes convertible along Rodeo Drive in Beverly Hills, looking for a parking space. Her college class from Northern Illinois University at DeKalb was holding its fifth reunion in Chicago, which she planned to attend. She wanted to buy a new outfit for the event, to show her former classmates that she had arrived. A chauffeur-driven Rolls pulled away from the curb, leaving an empty space right in front of her favorite couturier. She swung her Mercedes expertly into the empty space, looked up, and was pleased to see that there was still nearly an hour left on the meter. “Daddy was right,” she thought to herself, “Clean living does pay off.” As she turned off the ignition, Tamara’s cell phone started buzzing. Wood hesitated. Would it be John, calling to thank her for that wonderful evening? Would it be Matt, seeing if she were free to spend next weekend on Catalina Island? Or maybe it was Jason, who was always wanting her to accompany him to Waikiki. She...
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...equipped with an x-ray spectrometer and an x-ray telescope along with a laser.6 Lunokhod 1 also boasted solar cells which were used to power the vehicle. In fact, the design was so effective that it operated for eleven lunar days; eight more than what was expected of the rover. This sort of forward-thinking and innovation helped the future of robotic space exploration. In the era of multiple missions to the moon, it became clear that robotic missions to Venus and Mars, among other planets were becoming more and more realistic. In fact, the United States started performing successful flyby missions of Venus as early as 1962 when Mariner 2 launched. Mariner 2 was powered by 2 solar panels which recharged a large battery inside the spacecraft and also provided direct power to the onboard systems. It also used a 3W transmitter in order for scientists on Earth to perform constant telemetry on the project. The mission established the now-well-known high temperatures on Venus as well as helped determine the atmospheric composition of the hazardous planet. Mariner 2 also detected no evidence for an appreciable magnetic field surrounding Venus. Later that decade, the Soviet Union Launched Venera 3 which crash landed on the surface of Venus. Although it is credited with being the first spacecraft to reach the planet’s surface, Venera 3 was unable to send back any significant data about it since its radio communication systems had failed before coming into contact with the ground. The first truly...
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...GENERAL LABORATORY GUIDELINES Student Reference 7 September 2008 Version 1 Table of Contents 1 2 3 4 5 6 Introduction, P3 Requirement, P4 Attendance, P4 Lab Schedule, P4 Lab Replacement, P5 Lab Regulation 6.1 General Rules, P5 6.2 Safety Rules, P6 Lab Rules & Regulations on Computer Usage 7.1 ICT Computer Lab, P7 7.2 ICT Internet Lab, P8 Appendix 1 (Lab Replacement Flow Chart), P10 Appendix 2 (Lab Session Replacement Form), P11 Policy for Laboratory Usage after Office Hours, 10.1 Operating Procedure, P12 10.2 Warnings on liability, P12 10.3 Rules and Regulations, P12 Use of Laboratory After Office Hours 11.1 Appendix 3 (Application Form), P14 11.2 Appendix 4 (Student’s Declaration Form), P15 Ambulance Services, P16 Lab Safety Handbook on Chemical Hazards, Physical Hazards and Biological hazards, P17-P64 7 8 9 10 11 13 14 Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman 2 Definitions • • • • • Lab Session: Time duration allocated for student to do lab experiment. Lab Sheet: A printed material usually contains a series of instructions and information given to the student on how to conduct lab experiment. Lab Report: A written report prepared by student based on individual observation and data analysis after the lab experiment. The format and requirements are usually stated in the lab sheet. Lab Coordinator: A person in charge of coordinating all the lab sessions of the semester and administrating lab matters. Lab Instructor: An academic staff (lecturer or tutor) in...
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...17-gram (0.59-ounce) wireless device has bluetooth capability and is equipped with a GPS, compass, gyro-sensor, battery, barometer, speaker and microphone. Wearable computing is thought by many commentators to be the next big thing in technology, with products such as Google Glass at the forefront. The device, known at the moment as the "Earclip-type Wearable PC" has a microchip and data storage, enabling users to load software, said engineer Kazuhiro Taniguchi of Hiroshima City University. Its designs are based on traditional "ikebana" flower arrangements. "We have made this with the basic idea that people will wear it in the same way they wear earrings," Taniguchi told AFP in a recent interview as he showcased a black prototype. The system, which developers are hoping to have ready for Christmas 2015, can be connected to an iPod or other gadget and would allow the user to navigate through software programmes using facial expressions, such as a raised eyebrow, a stuck-out tongue, a wiggle of the nose or by clenching teeth. The device uses infrared sensors that monitor tiny movements inside the ear, whichdiffer depending on how the eyes and mouth move. Because the user does not have to move either hand, its developers say it can serve as "a third hand" for everyone from caregivers to rock-climbers, motorbike riders to astronauts, as well as people with disabilities. "Supposing I climb...
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