...Anna Higgins Field Trip Project G148C Lava Beds National Monument For my class field trip I visited Lava Beds National Monument. This beautiful monument is home to the Medicine Lake Shield Volcano. Medicine Lake is the largest volcano by volume in the Cascade Range. Over the last half-million years, volcanic eruptions from this volcano have created a rugged landscape of volcanic features. It is home to over 700 caves, native american rock art sites and battlefields. It is an oasis in the high desert wilderness. I started my trip by visiting the Visitor Center located off of the cave loop road where I learned about all the caves and hiking trails. Upon leaving the visitor center I hiked the Thomas Wright battleground trail. Then I visited three caves starting with Mushpot Cave a lighted cave with interpretive signs. After exploring mushpot I ventured to Sentinel Cave which is a 3,280ft cave with two entrances, smooth floors and lots of interesting features. Last but not least I explored Skull Cave a 580ft long cave with a lower level floor made of ice year around and a huge wide open feel. The visitor center at Lava Beds National Monument was very educational. As soon as I enter the building I was greeted by a Ranger who taught me all about the caves and screened me for white nose syndrome. A disease which has been affecting the bats that live within the caves at Lava Beds National Monument. I also watched the twelve minute movie shown by the visitor center before starting...
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...The largest volcanic eruption occurred in January, 11, 1914. The eruption was the most powerful in the twentieth century in Japan. Lava flowed filling the narrow strait between the islands making them connect with the Osumi Peninsula. During the eruption almost everyone left the island in the previous days, because of several large earthquakes that warned them that an eruption was going to happen. The eruption was very explosive generating columns and pyroclastic flows but after a large earthquake, which killed thirty five people, it later became unrestrained generating a large lava flow which continued for months. During close to the end of the eruption the center of the Aire Caldera sank around sixty centimeters (24 in). The volcano impacted...
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...A lava lamp is a decorative novelty item that contains blobs of coloured wax inside a glass vessel filled with clear liquid; the wax rises and falls as its density changes due to heating from an incandescent light bulb underneath the vessel. The appearance of the wax is suggestive of pāhoehoe lava, hence the name. The lamps are available in a variety of styles and colours of wax and liquid. A classic lamp contains a standard incandescent bulb or halogen lamp which heats a tall (often tapered) glass bottle containing water and a transparent, translucent or opaque mix of mineral oil, paraffin wax and carbon tetrachloride.[1] The water and/or mineral oil can be coloured with dyes. The density of common wax is much lower than that of water and would float on top under any temperature. However, the carbon tetrachloride is heavier than water (also nonflammable and miscible with wax), and is added to the wax to make its density at room temperature slightly higher than that of the water. When heated, the wax mixture becomes less dense than the water because wax expands more than water when both are heated.[2] It also becomes fluid, and blobs of wax ascend to the top of the device where they cool (which increases their density relative to that of the water) and then descend.[3] A metallic wire coil in the base of the bottle acts as a surface tension breaker to recombine the cooled blobs of wax after they descend. Briton Edward Craven-Walker invented the lava lamp in 1963. His U...
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...Lava in a Cup Lava in a Cup Student research project plan Ashlee J Aim: To demonstrate the effects of salt on oil by creating a ‘lava lamp’ in a cup. Hypothesis: if you add more salt to the cup it would make the oil work like a lava lamp. Equipment: * Clear glass * ¼ cup vegetable oil * 1 teaspoon salt * Water * Food coloring [any color] Method: 1 - Fill the glass about ¾ full of water 2 - Add about 5 drops of food coloring 3 - Slowly pour the vegetable oil into the glass, see how the oil floats on top 4 - Sprinkle the salt on top of the oil 5 - Watch blobs of lava move up and down in your glass 6 - Add another teaspoon of salt to keep the affect going Variables: * Independent - if you pour salt into a cup, lava will start forming. * Dependent - once the salt got poured in the cup blobs started forming. * Controlled - the amount of salt that was poured in the water/oil. Result: ADD PHOTOS!!!! Oil | The oil floats on top of the water because it is lighter than the water | Salt | Since the salt is heavier than oil, it sinks down into the water and takes some oil with it, but then the salt dissolves and back up goes the oil. | Conclusion: What happened was when you poured the salt into the oil; it presses the oil down and forms blobs so eventually making it look like lava in a cup. Bibliography:...
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...Business Model “PASTA LAVA” Submitted by: de la Cruz, Deniece Katherine R. Ho, Michael U. Orlanes, Zyrille Mae C. Panganiban, Demi Marie B. Peñafort, Kristine Marie M. Entrep21 MWF 8:30-9:30 Submitted to: Mme. Lolita Velita Entrep21 Moderator Pasta Lava Logo: I. INTRODUCTION Pasta LAVA The market demand has never been greater for food that is healthy, low priced, and great tasting. In an analysis of casual dining it is noted that baby boomers and others are coming face to face with the realization that youth is momentary. With that apprehension, it points out the emphasis on healthy dining alternatives like pasta. Pasta has always been an all-time favorite around the world. May it be from kids to teenagers or to adults as well. Elegant or simple, humble or classic, the infinite variety of pasta has established it as a contemporary staple. This food has never become a stranger to anyone, and because of its healthy and mouth-watering taste, a lot of people would be craving for it and some would even be more than willing to pay a higher price. Pasta Lava is a food-service which caters a variety of pastas. Our consumers can benefit our product in a way that our meals are carefully prepared and made fresh daily on the premises using only quality ingredients. We pride ourselves by offering great food at reasonable prices. Pasta...
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...level. Since 1832, Mauna Loa has erupted 39 times; its last eruption was in 1984. According to USGS estimates, the volcano has erupted an average of once every 6 years over the past 3000. The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory celebrated the 30th anniversary of Mauna Loa's last eruption (in 1984) on March 25, 2014, underscoring that it has been a relatively quite 3 decades at the world's largest active volcano. Mauna Loa is one of Earth's most active volcanoes. Since 1843 it has erupted 33 times producing lavas that have covered over 800 km2 In late Aug 2015, HVO raised the tilt level at Mauna Loa because of long-term increased seismicity rates and inflation of the summit (as measured by cross-caldera difference). This doesn't mean an eruption is imminent, but signs are consistent with magma entering the shallow part of the magmatic system at the volcano. Mauna Loa is a "shield volcano", which means it is a gently sloping mountain produced from a large number of generally very fluid lava flows. The volcano has been erupting for at least 100,000 years prom a primary volcanic centre that is presently manifested by Moku'aweoweo crater at the mountain's summit. It has produced both a'a and pahoehoe flows, and lesser amounts of pyroclastic deposits. The volcano is constructed of a rock type known as tholeiitic basalt http://www.bgs.ac.uk/research/volcanoes/changingEruptionStyles.html http://www.livescience.com/29824-why-eyjafjallajoekull-volcano-erupted.html Eyjafjallajökull last erupted...
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...the volcano centre and spill over with lava. Eruptions can cause blasts, lava flows, hot ash flows, mudslides, avalanches, falling ash and floods. Volcano eruptions have been known to knock down entire forests. An erupting volcano can trigger tsunamis, flash floods, earthquakes, mudflows and rockfalls. How are volcanoes formed? Volcanoes are formed when magma from within the Earth's upper mantle works its way to the surface. At the surface, it erupts to form lava flows and ash deposits. Over time as the volcano continues to erupt, it will get bigger and bigger. What are the different stages of volcanoes? Volcanoes are in three main categories: active, dormant, and extinct. An active volcano is one which has recently erupted and there is a possibility that it may erupt soon. A dormant volcano is one which has not erupted in a long time but there is a possibility it can erupt in the future. An extinct volcano is one which has erupted thousands of years ago and there’s no possibility of eruption. Why do volcanoes erupt? The Earth's crust is made up of huge slabs called plates, which fit together like a jigsaw puzzle. These plates sometimes move. The friction causes earthquakes and volcanic eruptions near the edges of the plates. The theory that explains this process is called plate tectonics. What are the different types of volcanoes? There are four types of volcanoes: cinder cones, composite volcanoes, shield volcanoes and lava...
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...1. What is a volcano? A volcano is an opening, or rupture, in the surface or crust of the Earth or a planetary mass object, which allows hot lava, volcanic ash and gases to escape from the magma chamber below the surface. 2. How is volcano formed? Volcanoes form when hot material from below rises and leaks into the crust. This hot material, called magma, comes either from a melt of subducted crustal material, and which is light and buoyant after melting, or it may come from deeper in the interior of a planet and is light and buoyant because it is very hot. 3. What are the kinds of volcano according to shapes and activity? A. Kinds of volcano according to shapes: a. Shield volcanoes - broad, shield-like profiles, are formed by the eruption of low-viscosity lava that can flow a great distance from a vent. They generally do not explode catastrophically. b. Lava domes - are built by slow eruptions of highly viscous lavas. c. Cryptodomes - are formed when viscous lava forces its way up and causes a bulge. d. Volcanic cones or cinder cones - result from eruptions of mostly small pieces of scoria and pyroclastics (both resemble cinders, hence the name of this volcano type) that build up around the vent. B. Kinds of volcano according to activity e. Active Volcanoes - volcanoes that in general have been active for a certain period of time. f. Dormant Volcanoes - dormant volcanoes are assumed to be inactive for...
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...volcano A volcano is a place on the earths surface for any other planets or moons surface) where molten rock and gases erupt through the earths crust.Volcanoes vary quite a bit in their structure-some have rocks in the earths crust where lava erupts, and some are domes, shields, or mountain-like structures with a crater at the summit.Magma is molten rock within the earths crust.When magma erupts through the earths surface it is called lava. Lava can be thick and slow-moving or thin and fast-moving. Rock also comes from volcanoes in other forms, including ash (finely powdered rock that looks like dark smoke coming from the volcano) and cinders (bits of fragmented lava). Inside a volcano The magma chamber is a collection of magma inside the earth, below the volcano. The main vent is the main outlet for the magma to escape. secondary vents are smaller outlets through which magma escapes. The crater is created after an eruption blows the top off the volcano. An eruption occurs when pressure in the magma chamber forces magma up the main vent, towards the crater at the top of the volcano. some magma will also be forced out of the secondary vent at the side of the volcano. Different types of volcano Volcanoes can be described in terms of activity and can be: Still active and erupt frequently. Dormant (temporarily inactive but not fully extinct). Extinct (never likely to erupt again). Volcanoes can also be described by their shape or type. ...
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...molten rock material or magma rises into the crust or is poured out on its surface, there to solidify as a crystalline or semi-crystalline rock. In either case, this activity (vulcanicity) may have a profound effect on surface features. It may be pointed out that there are two forms of vulcanicity: intrusive and extrusive. A volcano, on the other hand, is the resultant effect of the process of vulcanicity. A. Holmes has defined a volcano as under: "A volcano is essentially a fissure or vent, communicating with the interior, from which flows of lava, fountains of incandescent (red-hot) spray, or explosive bursts of gases and volcanic ashes are erupted at the surface". In other words, any opening in the crust of the earth that allows molten rock-forming materials to reach the surface is properly called a volcano. The deposits of Lava surrounding the vent area also considered to be part of the volcano. It may be noted that lavas are poured onto the surface along both the divergent and convergent plate...
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...movies or books. So when most people think of a volcano, they usually conjure up the Hollywood version: a huge, menacing conical mountain that explodes and spews out masses of lava which falls on rampaging dinosaurs, screaming cave people, or fleeing mobs of betogaed Romans--depending on their favorite volcano disaster movie. While those types of volcanoes do indeed exist, they represent only one "species" in a veritable zoo of volcano shapes and sizes. Some types of volcanoes are easily recognizable and some are not. The "Hollywood" types are easily recognized. Many are located in populated areas and have well-known names: Vesuvius, Krakatoa, Fujiyama, and Mount St. Helens. These volcanoes are typically tens of miles across and ten thousand or more feet in height. As illustrated in the figure above, they have moderately steep sides and sometimes have small craters in their summits. Volcanologists call these "strato-" or composite volcanoes because they consist of layers of solid lava flows mixed with layers of sand- or gravel-like volcanic rock called cinders or volcanic ash. Image of a cinder cone volcano.Another easily recognized type of volcano (seen at right) is the "cinder cone." As you might expect from the name, these volcanoes consist almost entirely of loose, grainy cinders and almost no lava. They are small volcanoes, usually only about a mile across and up to about a thousand feet high. They have very steep sides and usually have a small crater on top. A third easily...
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...Vic Camp Natural Disasters Study Guide — Extinctions, Impacts, and Volcano science What are tektites? * Natural glass rocks formed by impact of small meteorites on Earth’s surfaceWhat is Iridium? * Rare element in Earth’s crust, but high concentrations of some meteoritesWhat is shocked quartz? * Could only be produced with a strong impact on Earth; found commonly in relation to known meteorite impact sitesIn what way are tektites, Iridium, and shocked quartz related to the K/T extinction event? * In what way are the Deccan and Siberian flood basalt provinces related to mass extinction events? * Which of these is related to the Permian extinction (the greatest mass extinction event of all time)? * Siberian Flood basalt: Permian extinction (95% died). . . which is related to the K/T extinction? * Deccan Flood basalt: K.T. extinction (70% died)What is the anti-podal hypothesis? * The idea that pairs of opposite hot spots may result from the impact of a large meteorWhat geologic time unit (Eon, Era, Period, Epoch) represents the greatest expanse of geologic time? * Eon (An indefinitely long period of time)What is the Era of Ancient Life called? * Paleozoic Era (Age of invertebrates) - 543 m.y.a. . . . the Era of Middle Life? * Mesozoic Era (Age of dinosaurs) - 251 m.y.a.. . . the Era of Recent Life? * Cenozoic Era (Age of mammals) - 65 m.y.a.. . . the age of the Dinosaurs? * Era of Middle Life. . . the age of Mammals? * Era of Recent LifeKnow...
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...Mauna Loa is located in the island of Hawaii and is 4170 meters above the ground. Ever since 1832, Mauna Loa has shot out explosions of sultry lava 39 times and its last sudden eruption was in 1984. The USGS cerebrates the volcano has erupted about of once every 6 years over the past 3000 years. The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory celebrated the 30th anniversary of Mauna Loa's last eruption (in 1984) on March 25, 2014. Mauna Loa is the worlds most sizably voluminous mountain and volcano, it is a basaltic shield volcano in its tardy mature stage of life about 600,000-1,000,000 years old. Albeit it does not erupt as much as the volcano adjacent to it (Kilauea) it is still one of the most active volcanos in the world. When it erupts, its eruptions are customarily astronomically immense and engender immensely colossal rivers of lava that have perpetually threatened the town of Hilo. Mauna Loa elevates virtually 9 km above the sea floor and the weight of the mountain has caused the sea floor below it sink down by eight kilometers. Virtually 90% of Mauna Loa's surface is covered by lavas less than 4000 years old, while about 50% of its surface is covered by lavas no older than about 1500 years old, while about 25% are covered by lava flows younger than about 750 years, i.e. emplaced after the formation of the Mokuaweoweo summit...
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...Cinder Cone volcanoes are created by just one vent in the Earths outer crust. These volcanoes are the most common, only reach about 300 meters above the ground and appear in Western North America. According to Universe Today, one of the most famous, or infamous, volcanoes erupted out of a Mexican corn field in 1943. This volcano reportedly erupted for 9 whole years, covering adjacent towns with volcanic ash. Composite volcanoes are made by an accumulation of eruptions. The layers of these volcanoes are formed by hardened lava, tephra, pumice, and volcanic ash. Composite volcanoes are most commonly found in the Ring of Fire, a major area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean featuring 425 volcanoes. Mount Fuji, the tallest volcano in Japan, is...
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...Name:___________________________ Date:___________________ Period:________ How Can Volcanic Landforms Form Far Away From Plate Boundaries? 1) What are the places where islands are formed far away from a plate boundary (ex: Hawaiian Islands)? A) offset B) hot spot C) volcanic island arc 2) When magma rises from inside the Earth through the lithosphere to the surface thanks to a hot spot, what will form when the lava would build up? A) volcanic island B) ocean floor C) undersea volcano 3) A volcanic island may eventually form when ___________. A) New oceanic lithosphere is placed over the hot spot as the oceanic plate moves. B) The amount of cooled lava on the ocean floor would build up over time and reach the surface. C) A strong convection current from the mantle pushes the magma from the hot stop rapidly towards the surface....
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