...ASSAINGMENT -1 Topics- Predictive Policing By- Ardallah L Date-1/16/2013 This paper is prepared for the course CIS 500- Information Systems for Decision Making. Abstract: This paper will compare and contrast the application of information technology (IT) to optimize police departments’ performance to reduce crime versus random patrols of the streets. It will describe how COMSTAT as an information system (IS) implements the four (4) basic (IS) functions; and will discuss the fashion is which IT systems have made police departments more efficient in preventing and responding to crime. I will also explore the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunity , and Threats (SWOT) analysis. This is essential for police departments that intend to use the implementation of the new predictive policing. Introduction: For years, business have used data analysis to anticipate market conditions or industry trends and drive sales strategies. Police are using a similar data analysis tool to make their work more efficient. The idea is being called predictive policing. Predictive policing, in essence, is taking data from disparate sources, analyzing them and then using the results to anticipate, prevent and respond more effectively to future crime. COMPSTAT (COMPuter STATistics), an...
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...Predictive Policing Walter Clay Strayer University Predictive Policing In order to compare and contrast the application of information technology (IT) to optimize police departments’ performance to reduce crime versus random patrols of the streets. We have to look into the technologies available to them today. Predictive policing has become the one of leading standard for police departments today. Predictive policing primary role is to simply pre-empt crime, it is rooted heavily in business analytics and relies advanced technical tools and data analysis. In 2009, Charlie Beck, Chief of Detectives for the Los Angeles defined predictive policing in the following terms: “With new technology, new business processes, and new algorithms, predictive policing is based on directed, information-based patrol; rapid response supported by fact-based prepositioning of assets; and proactive, intelligence-based tactics, strategy, and policy. The predictive-policing era promises measurable results, including crime reduction; more efficient police agencies; and modern, innovative policing.” Dr. John Morgan introduced the five elements of predictive policing that focuses on integrated operations, seeing the big picture, cutting-edge analysis and technology, linkage to performance, and the adaptability to changing conditions. Technology is used in many different ways to implement the basics of the five elements. It is used for simple tasks as crowd control to the complex task of traffic...
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...community. Community policing is defined as “a collaborative effort between the police and the community that identifies problems of crime and disorder and involves all elements of the community in the search for solutions to these problems” (Lorain County Sheriff’s Office, 2009). Does community-based policing reach societies desired outcome and expectations? This is one of many questions that has been raised about the fairly new and controversial subject of community policing. But first, we must better understand exactly what community policing is. Community policing is a philosophy that rests on the belief that people deserve input into the police process, in exchange for their participation and support. It also rests on the belief that solutions to today's community problems demand freeing both people and the police to explore creative, new ways to address neighborhood concerns beyond a narrow focus on individual crime incidents. While traditional methods of policing fail to provide desired levels of crime control and public safety, police departments across the country search for new and innovative ways to provide law...
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...author and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. References to specific agencies, companies, products, or services should not be considered an endorsement by the authors or the U.S. Department of Justice. Rather, the references are illustrations to supplement discussion of the issues. The Internet references cited in this publication were valid as of July 2009. Given that URLs and web sites are in constant flux, neither the authors nor the COPS Office can vouch for their current validity. Letter from the Director Dear Colleagues, Fear of crime has an incredibly corrosive effect on individuals and entire communities. This issue is of great concern to all of us in law enforcement. Fear negatively shapes all aspects of the quality of life of America’s communities. The COPS Office recognizes that people not only need to be safe, but they also need to feel safe. Treating both of these issues as two parts of a greater whole is a critical aspect of community policing. That is why we produced this document, “Reducing Fear of Crime: Strategies for Police.” This publication identifies promising practices that have the potential to directly address the fear of crime. It is written by Gary Cordner, one of the foremost experts on the issue of community fear in the policing field. Community policing is one of the most effective tools for reducing the fear of...
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...Managerial Practices Executive Summary Brendan Moaratty CJA/484 June 15, 2015 Gina Craft Managerial Practices Executive Summary Organizational effectiveness is the ability of a particular organization to run as a well-oiled machine that meets goals set in place for success throughout an organization. An organization must work efficiently; therefore obtainable goals must be set within achievable timeframes in order to meet all expectations of the organizations main purpose. This allows an organization to produce productive work with a desired effect throughout the organization without wasteful use of valued assets (Charrier, K. 2007). Organizational effectiveness is imperative when managing each area of criminal justice personnel in a law enforcement capacity, courts, or correctional facility personnel. Each of the settings is different, but the behavior concepts for each department of a law enforcement function must be the same when it comes to managing a department properly and professionally. Organizational effectiveness is where each member of the organization works as a team efficiently and effectively to the best of their ability for mission success. The desired outcome of organizational effectiveness is to utilize all the resources necessary to complete the mission, but at little cost of man hours, allotted time, necessary materials, and energy to the organization as a whole. This entails a productive team to obtain all goals without having an adverse effect on...
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...Sir Robert Peel on American policing Daniel Jackson JR CJA/214 11/26/11 Mark Logan Sir Robert Peel’s Position on Policing to the Diverse Needs of the Modern Day Society The necessity of an orderly society points out to be the most important ingredient of social, political, and economic progress. Many lawyers and magistrates had been trying to contribute to that effect especially those who are public servants. One of these administrators of justice is Sir Robert Peel who had contributed much for the benefit of the society through his famous position on policing to the diverse needs of the modern society. Sir Robert Peel was born last February 5, 1788 at the place called the Chamber Hall near Bury in Lancashire (Bloy, 2008, p. 1). He served twice as a Prime Minister in his country England and had parliamentary career until he died in the year 1850 (Bloy, 2008, p. 1). The family of Sir Robert Peel entered weaving and farming as livelihood in his early years and later moved into textile manufacture business that made them wealthy. There are nine (9) pointers for the position of Sir Robert Peel in policing that made his ideas last until this time. First, the primary mission of the police is the prevention of crime and disorder. There is no other purpose for the establishment of the police in the society but to prevent crimes. Second, police ability to perform their duties depends upon the approval...
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...Insurers Have 15 Days From Agency Contract or the First Application is Received to Appoint 120-2-3-.21 Agent Certificate of Authority. (1) Insurers shall file the appropriate fees and file requests for certificates of authority and terminations of certificates of authority immediately upon the appointment or termination of an agent. The request for a certificate of authority must be submitted within fifteen (15) days from the date the agency contract is executed or the first insurance application is submitted. (a) When filing for a new certificate of authority, the insurer shall notify the agent when the insurer receives confirmation of the issuance of the certificate of authority. (b) The certificate of authority is deemed effective immediately upon the submission of the request by the insurer; however this does not relieve the insurer of the responsibility of verifying that the certificate of authority has actually been issued. (2) The insurer shall affirm that an investigation on the general character of the agent has been made and that the insurer recommends the agent for a certificate of authority. Such investigation shall include a report concerning the general character of the applicant by an agency not affiliated with the insurer. Such investigation shall include a criminal background check. The presence of any criminal charges or dispositions related thereto must be disclosed to the Department. (3) The Commissioner will provide a certificate of authority renewal...
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...Bernard Parks was appointed Chief of Police of Los Angeles in 1997, his term lasted till the year 2002. During his time in office Parks was very strict on his officers, some officers stated they were scared to do their jobs, due to the indiscriminate punishment and lack of concern for the officers. Parks stripped the Captains’ authority and created “community policing.” Despite Parks’ public praise for community policing, it was common knowledge inside the Department that he was not an advocate. Parks would later remove the senior lead officers from community policing and reassign them to the field. Removing the senior lead officers came as a surprise to many of the department’s advocates of the community policing, and many residents regarded this as a huge step backward, many captains felt the same, one captain stated “The impact was devastating. It was a real blow to community policing.” As the pressure grew to reinstated the senior lead officers, Mayor Riordan ordered parks to reinstate the senior lead officers in March 2001. In April 2002, after a national search for a new Chief of Police, Chief William J. Bratton was appointed to the new Chief of Police. When Chief Bratton to over leadership he spent his first year surrounded by eleven consultants from New York and Boston, trying to learn the department as quickly as he could. Bratton studied the problems Williams and Parks had faced. Quickly Bratton reached out to the union and included its leadership...
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...predictive-policing models by the police department builds, and enhances the promise of the new intelligence led policing with this new technology, new business process, and new algorithms, the predictive policing is based on the information based patrol, and the rapid response. It is supported by the preposition of assets, and the proactive, and the strategy, and police. This is the predictive policing which promises measurable results, includes the crime reduction. The more efficient police agencies, and the modern innovative of policing the predictive policing has shown to enable doing with more with less, while improving of policing outcomes through the information based tactics, strategy, and policy. The predictive policing is a new law enforcement concept which integrates the approaches such as the cutting edge crime analysis, the crime fighting technology,...
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...Predictive Policing CIS 500 Information System Decision Making January 16, 2013 In an effort to effectively compare and contrast the application of information technology (IT) to optimize police departments’ performance to reduce crime versus random patrols of the streets, we first need to examine what information technology is available to police and further more what information technology means. Information technology is “the collection of computing systems used by an organization” (Turban & Volonino, 2011). According to the Omega Group, who does analysis and mapping with patrol and fire response for successful implementation strategies, the definition of predictive policing as stated by NIJ (A National Discussion on Predictive Policing) is “any policing strategy or tactic that develops and uses information and advanced analysis to inform forward-thinking crime prevention” [ (Silva, 2012) ]. Technology is used in conjunction with predictive policing to implement different information and operations such as crowd control, police patrol, early detection of repeat offenders, traffic control and management, and even neighborhood watches. Today information technology (IT) is used to optimize the performance of police departments’ and reduce crime however in the past random patrols of the streets was the way that police reduced crimes. Before the 90’s New York City had a high crime rate but since the implementation of a data driven management model named COMPSTAT the...
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...lives of citizens. Community policing is based on Peel's concept of prevention. Community policing has been embraced by many law enforcement organizations across our country. Community policing is based on its goal to prevent crime and promote better police-community partnerships. Community policing requires an investment in training with special attention to problem analysis and problem solving, facilitation, community organization; communication, mediation and conflict resolution, resource identification and use, networking and linkages, and cross-cultural competency. Public approval and cooperation is a basis of Sir Robert Peel’s principles of effective policing. Peel stated that the ability of the police to perform their duties is dependent upon public approval of police actions and they must secure the willing co-operation of the public in voluntary observance of the law to be able to secure and maintain the respect of the public. In our diverse society, it is necessary for police to understand the different cultures that make up the communities that they patrol. This can be accomplished through multi-cultural training and education. If police can relate to and understand the different cultures of the community, they will be able to successfully gain public approval. Public approval of the police will increase the effectiveness of law enforcement. Peel stated "the degree of co-operation of the...
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...For years Colorado has been known for its beautiful landscape, ski resorts and even its relaxed gun laws. Recently however lawmakers in Colorado passed laws for stricter gun control. The laws include limiting magazines to a 15 round capacity and background checks before every gun purchase including private sales. These laws are ineffective, despite good intentions, they are very difficult to enforce and are too vague to support. Police officers serve and protect, and if these laws effect anyone more than the public that have to abide the laws its police officers who have to abide them and try to enforce them. “55 of the 62 sheriffs that serve in Colorado have outright refused to enforce the state’s new gun laws”. That’s nearly 89% of the sheriff’s in Colorado. Sheriffs serve and protect the residents of Colorado and the fact that so many have problems with these laws there must be something wrong. I doubt they would try to repeal the laws if they thought the laws would better the community in some way. They like many others believe the laws are too difficult to enforce and many believe that the laws go against the second amendment. I believe that the 15 round magazine capacity is over doing it a little. There is no way to effectively enforce it since larger magazines owned before the law passed are “grandfathered in” meaning they are exempt from the new laws. With stores right across the Colorado border selling the larger and illegal magazines for people that reside in Colorado...
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...“No matter how much you trust the police, remember that the police are trained to never trust you.”- Aaron Leaf. This quote exemplifies that no matter who you are, when you don’t listen to an officer and are acting strange, then they are liable to injure you, because of their training. In today’s society, police brutality has become one of the most popular things discussed, and I believe that we cannot always trust word of mouth since some people lie constantly, and at this rate our country will be destroyed over this topic. My stance on this issue is that some cases of police brutality are true, but the majority of them are not true. I have always been taught to listen to those in authority over me because at the end of the day, they are...
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...Wilson and Kelling (2010) 1. After five years that foot patrol was implemented in Newark’s Police Department, this form of policing did not have any effect on the crime rate, yet the citizens felt safer. How do the police patrol your neighborhood? And how does it impacts your perception about law enforcement? Do you feel safe? 2. Briefly explain broken windows theory. Do you agree with this particular theory? How does this theory impact law enforcement practice? 2a. should officers should focus on preventing major crimes or do you agree with officer’s Kelly method of policing his neighborhood? (Informal policing to control the area) 3. What are some pros and cons of community policing? 5. What do think about police officers who arrest individuals...
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...The policies, procedures, rules, regulations, as well as discipline, are vitally important to law enforcement (Cordner, 2016). The guidelines set forth within each define how each member of the department shall act during the course of their duties. In the event that these are not put into place, there is a real threat to the freedoms of the citizens within the community they serve. It is the goal of the chief of police to determine the medium between allowing officers to exercise their will or restrict their discretion to a bare minimum. There are instances when restrictions set forth within a guideline could limit an officer’s ability to effectively complete their duties (Cordner, 2016). For instance, if a procedure were put into place...
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