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Layouts

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Submitted By Veronica25
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Hybrid Delivery System Layout
Reason of existence: * For businesses in order to better respond to different market demands. * Companies align their delivery system to the characteristics of the market by rearranging the layout of their facilities.
Examples of differentiated layout designs * Cellular Layout : a mix of functional and product layout * Nagare cellular layout ( sub-category of the previous) :
Used for customized products and of low volume production * Transfer line layout : For high volume products and of standard nature

Other Layout Formats * Flexing process layouts to reflect varying levels of demand
Examples: car assembly plants, bank and post office layouts, fast food restaurants process layouts) * Flexible office layouts

Impact of IT on Delivery systems and layouts * Automated Banking * Call centres
Detailed Layout Design
Decision making about: * The position of staff, processes, equipment * The position, size and number of other facilities not belonging to the delivery system * The number of other requirements (entrances, exits, …, elevators) * The space that will be allocated to the above areas
Must also be defined: * The steps involved in delivering products or services * The followed sequence * The process routes
(Space restrictions must be considered)

The features of good layouts * System flow charting * Use of space * Use of equipment * Cost of movement * Health and safety * Aesthetics and the quality of the working environment * Communications * Image and brand
Designing Fixed Position Layouts
Layout decisions are often made on an ad hoc basis, which reflects the current conditions of the task and situation.
Uncertainty factors within layout decisions: * Delays in material shipments * Design alterations * Adverse weather conditions * Limited space on site – changing availability of this space * Varying volumes of materials, storage areas and changing priorities as job evolves.
Designing process or functional layouts
Aligning functions with the features of a detailed layout design.
Steps to follow: * Identify the total space (available) and the costs of possible extensions * Check out if there are any constraints and estimate the cost of their possible elimination * Determine the area needed by facilities, processes and functions * Identify the size of facilities not belonging to the delivery system: meeting areas, rest rooms, cafeterias * Estimate the number, size and position of: entrances, exits, corridors and walkways required. * Estimate the direction and flow of materials, staff and information through functions and processes
Load, movement or trip frequency charts

633 trips involved a total distance travelled of 11.741 meters.

Relationship charts
Also uses a matrix format to evaluate the relative closeness between departments.

Designing service or product layouts
Criteria for an appropriate design: * Products/ services are standardized and include the same sequence of activities * The volumes involved justify the dedicated investment on levels of staff or process utilization * Stable and predictable demand
Products or services using this layout invariably involve a multi-step process.
Two design outcomes derive: * Layout design mirrors the sequence of steps in the process * The work content at each step will be similar in length – line balancing

Queueing and waiting line analysis
Factors to take under consideration when designing delivery systems: * Arrival rate * Variability of service times * Rejecting customer access to a queue * Balking * Change of mind * Queueing time equality * Psychology of queues

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