Abstract
The extensive leadership skills of Rudy Giuliani will be examined in detail as he exuberates great confidence, optimism, strong beliefs, relentless preparation and courage as he lead the American public through one of the most horrific attacks on September 11, 2001. Giuliani’s leadership was inspiring as he stimulates others to achieve worthwhile goals as he was able to demonstrate emotional intelligence by using the ability to manage his emotions in order to successfully lead. Giuliani uses his strong beliefs and values along with his ability to adapt to situations to lead others to and brought together a country that was both dismayed and grieving. The use of emotional intelligence and other attributes has enabled Rudy Giuliani to gain a following and has allowed him to portray his beliefs by communicating them through speeches and publishing a book. This discussion will also demonstrate what Giuliani sees in strong leaders and the competencies that are needed to lead most organizations. Overall, Rudy Giuliani exhibits very strong leadership abilities and characteristics which has contributed to making him one of the most famous and influential leaders since 9/11.

Rudy Giuliani: Leadership Case Study #2 Rudolph “Rudy” Giuliani was born on May 28, 1944 in the New York City borough of Brooklyn to a working class family. Rudy Giuliani is of Italian descent and “learned a strong work ethic and deep respect for America’s ideal of equal opportunity” (“Biography of Rudy Giuliani,” n.d.). Giuliani graduated from Manhattan College in 1965 and the New York University Law School in Manhattan in 1968. From here, he became a clerk in the Southern District of New York. After this, he joined the office of the U.S. Attorney and was named the Chief of the Narcotics Unit and soon served as executive U.S. Attorney. Following this, he left New York and went to Washington, D.C. to hold various positions and finally held the third highest position in the Department of Justice. This position was named Associate Attorney General and Giuliani supervised the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA), the U.S. Marshals, and the Bureau of Corrections. In 1983, Giuliani relocated back to New York City as he was appointed the U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York. In this position, “he spearheaded the effort to jail drug dealers, fight organized crime, break the web of corruption in government, and prosecute white collar criminals” (“Biography of Rudy Giuliani,” n.d.). Using these accomplishments and the fight to clean up New York City, Rudy Giuliani entered race for Mayor of New York City in 1989 and fell short by slimmest of margins. In 1993, Giuliani led a tenacious fight and won the mayoral election to become the 107th Mayor of New York City. Four years later, he was re-elected to for another 4 years to continue leading one of largest and most economically important cities in the world. During his first term, Mayor Giuliani experienced enormous success with reductions in violent crime, increased property values, and widespread redevelopment. His second term proved problematic, with his promises for education falling short, his highly public and acrimonious divorce, notorious incidents of police brutality, and his withdrawal from a race for Senator against former First Lady Hillary Clinton. Just four months short of the end of his tenure as Mayor, Giuliani’s popularity rating was at an all-time low and most of New York, especially minorities, were anxious to see him fade into the sunset. All of this changed on September 11, 2011, and the events that unfolded during Giuliani’s final months in office. His charismatic and inspirational leadership during the aftermath of the worst terrorist attacks on domestic soil resulted in him being named Man of the Year by TIME magazine for 2001 and his honorary knighthood by the Queen of England. Instead of succumbing to the chaos and devastation of the attacks, Giuliani proactively took charge and turned the tragedy into a triumph of spirit. Giuliani looked into the words of one of his historical heroes, Winston Churchill, and was motivated by Churchill’s words: “I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears, and sweat.’ There is a bright magic at work when one great leader reaches into the past and finds another waiting to guide him” (Pooley, 2001, para. 44). Giuliani rose with great determination as the people of New York City and rest of the country needed a leader with resolve as well as compassion. As Moriarty (2009) states, “if a leader is calm and confident communicating a clear vision for the path ahead then we feel reassured” (para. 4). “Gifted leaders rely on their powers of emotional intelligence to lead effectively during tough times” (Moriarty, 2009, para. 5). Giuliani was able to hold back the emotions and feelings that others were experiencing as they looked to him for hope. He was very good at maximizing his valuable communication skills as he kept in touch with his own feelings and used his interpersonal expertise quite effectively. Giuliani’s self-confidence never did waiver. Though he privately worried about the future of New York City, he never showed such worry. He immediately began delegating tasks and making decisions involving teams of people in the midst of chaos. He used his legitimate power along with his understanding of the importance of communication to lead his city to build a command center. He knew that people of New York City needed the information as to what was happening and insisted on integrity in his communications with them, putting their needs first. Giuliani had a very strong set of beliefs and values and he shared his vision with America by stating, “Tomorrow New York is going to be here. And we’re going to rebuild, and we’re going to be stronger than we were before….I want the people of New York to be an example to the rest of the country, and the rest of the world, that terrorism can’t stop us.” (Pooley, 2001, para.4). It was thru Giuliani’s actions and words that brought the people together to be strong and follow his lead to recovery. The charismatic leadership of Giuliani during 9/11 involved more than vision and strong conviction. It also involved extraordinary behavior as Giuliani slept very little in days after the attack, orchestrated hundreds of workers and work teams, attending memorial services, and communicating with the media and public. According to Yukl (2003), “Charismatic leaders arouse enthusiasm and commitment in followers by articulating a compelling vision and increasing follower confidence about achieving it”. Giuliani was able to lead by example and used almost every hour of the day to be seen and heard. He was able to deliver his message in a way that drew people to him as he inspired confidence and restored calm. After leaving the Mayor’s office at the end of 2001, Rudy Giuliani published a book and titled it LEADERSHIP. Giuliani used his vast experience and knowledge to put together many examples of what he feels made him an effective leader. A few of the these include accountability, the ability to reflect, develop and communicate strong beliefs, loyalty, preparation, and being able to surround yourself with great people. The last ideal, as Giuliani states in his book, “Looking back, I believe that the skill I developed better than any other was surrounding myself with great people”. (Giuliani, 2002, p. 98). Giuliani has been able to surround himself with individuals that have been both influential and that have been exceptionally strong in their areas. He also believes that “surrounding yourself with great people makes masses of logical sense, but the more the leader excels the greater the likelihood of Chauvinist followers” (“Rudolph Giuliani's Definition of Leadership,” (n.d.). Giuliani has been able to use this loyalty to his advantage to accomplish tasks and goals throughout his career and gives many examples in his book. Selecting Rudy Giuliani as an effective leader was a very easy decision as most American’s will never forget where they were on that horrific day in 2001. To this day, I can visualize my exact location and how I became aware of what was unfolding on that morning of 9/11. Giuliani used his charismatic style of leadership, his strong vision, and tireless energy to help turn the worst disaster in our nation’s history into one of the most successful efforts of renewal. Rudy Giuliani became an enormously well-respected leader through his inspirational leadership who seemed to always say the right words and make the correct decisions. It was this event that made me aware of Giuliani’s leadership style and his ability to get others to imagine his vision and come together as a stronger country. The effectiveness of Rudy Giuliani as a leader has propelled him through life to hold various significant roles in government and other companies. Giuliani is a very strong willed man who holds to his beliefs and values. Organizing, setting the tone and accountability are traits that have and will continue to make Giuliani and effective leader in any company. He has promoted teamwork and collaboration in his roles but there are some that may say that he is very authoritative and has an unwillingness to delegate to others. Where this may be true, I believe Giuliani has used his emotional intelligence, self-awareness and ability to connect with peers and subordinates to build strong relationships that are beneficial in most organizations. While this type of leader may not be the best for some organizations, Rudy Giuliani has the tenacity, courage and relentless preparation to lead groups and organizations toward high levels of effectiveness and efficiency.

References
Biography of Rudolph Giuliani. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.nyc.gov/html/records/rwg/html/bio.html

Pooley, E. (2002, January 7). Person of the Year 2001: Mayor of the World. Time. Retrieved from http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2020227_2020306,00.html

Moriarty, M. (2009, May 18). Your emotional intelligence affects your ability to lead - Puget Sound Business Journal. Retrieved from http://www.bizjournals.com/seattle/stories/2009/05/18/smallb2.html

Giuliani, R. (2002). Leadership: Rudolph Giuliani. New York: Hyperion.

Rudolph Giuliani's Definition of Leadership. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.winston-churchill-leadership.com/giuliani-definition.html

Yukl, G. (2013). Leadership in Organizations (8th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.