...Topic Gateway Series Leadership Leadership Topic Gateway Series No. 30 1 Prepared by Alexa Michael and Technical Information Service May 2007 Topic Gateway Series Leadership About Topic Gateways Topic Gateways are intended as a refresher or introduction to topics of interest to CIMA members. They include a basic definition, a brief overview and a fuller explanation of practical application. Finally they signpost some further resources for detailed understanding and research. Topic Gateways are available electronically to CIMA members only in the CPD Centre on the CIMA website, along with a number of electronic resources. About the Technical Information Service CIMA supports its members and students with its Technical Information Service (TIS) for their work and CPD needs. Our information and accounting specialists work closely together to identify or create authoritative resources to help members resolve their work related information needs. Additionally, our accounting specialists can help CIMA members and students with the interpretation of guidance on financial reporting, financial management and performance management, as defined in the CIMA Official Terminology 2005 edition. CIMA members and students should sign into My CIMA to access these services and resources. The Chartered Institute of Management Accountants 26 Chapter Street London SW1P 4NP United Kingdom T. +44 (0)20 8849 2259 F. +44 (0)20 8849 2468 E. tis@cimaglobal.com www.cimaglobal.com ...
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...Chapter 18 Managers as Leaders Leaders in organizations make things happen. But what makes leaders different from nonleaders? What’s the most appropriate style of leadership? What can you do to be seen as a leader? Those are just a few of the questions we’ll try to answer in this chapter. Focus on the following learning outcomes as you read and study this chapter. LEARNING OUTCOMES 18.1 Define leader and leadership. 18.2 Compare and contrast early theories of leadership. 18.3 Describe the three major contingency theories of leadership. 18.4 Describe contemporary views of leadership. 18.5 Discuss contemporary issues affecting leadership. SPOTLIGHT: Manager at Work What is the difference between being a manager and being a leader? Are these terms synonymous? Management guru Peter F. Drucker once said, “Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right things.” You might begin the study of Chapter 18 by asking your students for their perspectives on these questions and the quotation from Dr. Drucker. This chapter’s Spotlight: Manager at Work, looks at the legacy of Steve Jobs. In many ways, Jobs epitomizes the leader of a high tech company. How he was extremely charismatic and extremely compelling in getting people to join with him and believe in his vision. But also how he was despotic, tyrannical, abrasive, uncompromising, and a perfectionist. Jobs broke the rules of management and remade them to fit his vision. Students...
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...EFFECTIVE TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP ACROSS CULTURES: THE ROLE OF CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE Dr. Alexi Matveev College of Staten Island New York, NY, USA Dr. Elena Lvina Concordia University Montreal, Quebec, Canada Abstract New theoretical frameworks are needed to better understand effective transformational leadership in different cultural contexts. In this article we illustrate the relationship between transformational leadership and the cross-cultural communication competence frame. We show how national culture orientations and cross-cultural communication competence affect the full range leadership framework and transformational leadership dimensions. Attributes of effective leadership and the choice of communication strategies vary for different cultural contexts; however, the charismatic or value-based leadership dimension contributes the most to universally perceived effective leadership styles. We draw attention to the importance of transformational leadership research utilizing the cross-cultural communication competence construct. Introduction Transformational leaders rely heavily on their rhetorical skills in order to articulate a vision and create meaning for their followers. While the leader's message is important, the process by which it is communicated appears to be just as significant. The communication style is a critical distinguishing factor in whether the leader’s message will be remembered and endorsed. Flauto...
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...Leadership emerges every level of organisations, from animal social behaviors to multi-international organisations. But no single universally accepted definition could be drew with all the scholars agree. There are 211 different definitions of about leadership (Rost 1993). Claimed by one of the researchers on transformational leadership, Bernard M. Bass (2008), there is no urge to unify the definitions of leadership. The appropriate definition of leadership depends on the specific dimension of leadership of interest to the individual. In this essay, the definition from Peter Northhouse (2001) will be adopted, “leadership is a process whereby one individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal”. This essay will discuss two leadership models; transformational and transactional leadership, followed by the illustration of the features by 2 known leaders of different leadership models. The corresponding evaluation of the models will also be examined. Transformational leadership, the most studied idea with the field of leadership (Diaz-Saenz, 2011, p. 299), is the process of transforming the attitudes of the followers to achieve extraordinary outcomes in organisation’s objectives (Yukl &Fleet, 1992, 174), consisting of four features. Barack Obama is one of the great leaders who possesses certain features of transformational leadership. Idealised influence: By overcoming his rigorous childhood brought by the multiracial heritage (Obama, 2008) and having a rare...
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...Johnson English Comp. 1 30 October 2013 Leadership Leadership is originally defined as the act or an instance of leading, but that is not other people’s definition. To some people, leadership means so much more and others not so much. Leadership is something not everyone has, but some people want. Some people tend to follow instead of lead others. Leadership is taking a role and standing up for something or someone when no one else will. Taking up for someone when he/she is being bullied, taking the lead role around school, and leading others on the right path; not the wrong one are great characteristics of leadership. Taking up for someone when he/she is being bullied definitely defines this person as a leader in some people’s eyes. People look at leadership and think of the president or high officials. When others look at leadership, they see all the little details like taking up for someone when he/she is being bullied. In today’s society, the number one cause for suicide is bullying and when someone decides to be a leader and stand up is when he/she has the role of leadership. Standing for someone that is being bullied is a characteristic not everyone has because some people do not care and others are afraid to take a stand. Taking the lead role at your school or anywhere else is a prime example of leadership. Taking a lead on a school project, helping out at the school, or just cleaning up are all great examples of leadership. Taking the lead role is a characteristic...
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...CONTIGENCY APPROACH | Description | * Trait Approach: one of the first systematic attempts to study leadership * “Great Man” Theories (early 1900s)Focused on identifying innate qualities and characteristics possessed by great social, political, & military leaders | * Emphasizes the behavior of the leader * Focuses exclusively on what leaders do and how they actPurpose: explain how leaders combine two kinds of behaviors to influence subordinates in their efforts to reach a goal. * Task Behaviors - help group members to achieve objectives * Relationship Behaviors - help subordinates feel comfortable | * Effective leadership is contingent on matching a leader’s style to the right setting * Assessment based on: * Leadership Styles * Situational Variables * Leadership styles are described as: * Task-motivated (Low LPCs) Leaders are concerned primarily with reaching a goal * Relationship-motivated (High LPCs)Leaders are concerned with developing close interpersonal relationships * Leader Style Measurement Scale (Fiedler)High LPCs = Relationship-motivated Low LPCs = Task-motivated | Strengths | * In the leadership process, the traits approach highlights the leader component * The trait approach is that it has a credibility due to a century of research support * Deeper level understanding of how leader/personality related to leadership process * The trait approach provides benchmarks for what to look for in a leader. Leaders can use...
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...outcomes of college students’ involvement in leadership activities. Journal of College Student Development, 42, 15-27. Boatman, S. A. (1999). The leadership audit: A process to enhance the development of student leadership. NASPA Journal, 37, 325-336. Council for the Advancement of Standards in Higher Education. (1999). CAS standards for leadership programs. Washington, DC: Author. Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L., & Black, W. C. (1998). Multivariate data analysis (5th ed.). New York: Prentice Hall. Higher Education Research Institute. (1996). A social change model of leadership development: Guidebook version III. College Park, MD: National Clearinghouse for Leadership Programs. nt: Kezar, A., & Moriarty, D. (2000). Expanding our understanding of student leadership development: A study exploring gender and ethnic identity. Journal of College Student Development, 41, 55-68. Komives, S. K., Lucas, N., & McMahon, T. R. (1998). Exploring leadership: For college students who want to make a difference. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Komives, S. K., Owen, J., Longerbeam, S. D., Mainella, F., & Osteen, L. (2004). Leadership identity development. Concepts & Connections, 12(3), 1-6. Komives, S. R., Owen, J. O., Longerbeam, S., Mainella, F. C., & Osteen, L. (2005). Developing a leadership identity: A grounded theory. Journal of College Student Development, 46, 593-611. McIntire, D. D. (1989). Student leadership development: A student affairs mandate. NASPA...
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...LEADERSHIP UNCUT | Brian Evje Jan 30, 2013 Quick: Define Leadership If you don't know what your leadership is, how are you going to make it persuasive to others? Only a few people have a solid answer. When first working with a client, I ask, “What is your definition of your leadership?” Invariably, a pause follows. The eventual response is sometimes tentative, confused, or incomplete. This happens with new and experienced leaders, in large companies and in start-ups. Only a few people have a solid answer. Not many leaders have a clear, concise, concrete definition of what being a leader means to them. The eminent leadership scholar Ralph Stogdill observed, “There are nearly the same number of leadership definitions as there are people who have attempted to define it.” Here are just a few perspectives: * “The first job of a leader is to define a vision for the organization…the capacity to translate vision into reality.” (Warren Bennis) * “Leadership is a series of behaviors rather than a role for heroes.” (Margaret Wheatley) * “Leadership: the art of getting someone else to do something that you want done because he wants to do it.” (Dwight D. Eisenhower) It is no wonder then, that a ready answer is not on the lips of every leader. But the lack of a compelling, individual definition can be a serious defect. Why Define Your Leadership? When asked, “Why should I have a definition for my leadership?” I answer, “What is the cost of not understanding the foundation...
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...JTB_Journal of Technology and Business. October 2007 Ethical Leadership Makes the Right Decisions Magdy Hussein Faculty, Northwestern Polytechnic University ABSTRACT This paper defines business leadership, review different types of leadership and examine how leadership ethics add great values and weight when making a business decision. The ethical scandals that have occurred in the last ten years have shaken the image of Corporate America. Leadership is on the test when business operators make competitive, strategic and tactical decisions that affect both stockholders and stakeholders such as downsizing and outsourcing. Ethical and moral obligations toward both parties require more than leadership with management skills and influential charisma. It entails visionary wisdom that makes possible moral decisions in the best interest of everyone involved. Key words: Leadership, Managerial Leader, Charismatic Leader, Transformational Leader, Strategic Leadership, Ethical leadership, Stakeholders, Corporate Social Responsibility Ethical leadership combines ethical behavior and ethical decision-making and is required by both individuals and organizations. One major responsibility of a leader is to build a foundation of ethical organizational behavior through ethical decisions and to differentiate between leadership compliance with codes of ethics and leadership values of business ethics’ practice. There is a need to synthesize these differences and evaluate the degree to which...
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...INDM 4260 – Organizational Dynamics Graduate Research Paper Devender Reddy Mada University of Central Missouri Table of Contents Abstract 03 Introduction 04 Summary of Leadership ideas and philosophies from my readings 04 Definition of Leadership 05 My Ideal Leaders 06 Leadership Traits 07 Leadership Styles 08 My Goals 09 Achieving my Goals 09 Improvements 10 Conclusion 11 References 12 Abstract Leadership is defined as "organizing a group of people to achieve a common goal". Leadership is considered as an important aspect in many areas such as business organizations, politics, and sports and in many other fields. This research paper is about leadership and its various styles, traits, characteristics based on my ideal leader. It concentrates more on my ideal leader’s leadership qualities and leadership skills which I observed. My understanding on leadership was clearly explained in this paper. Moreover the traits a leader must have like vision, courage, integrity etc., are also analyzed. This paper also contains information about my goal. It also includes my approach to achieve my goal and types of skills I should improve to succeed. Introduction To my knowledge leadership is a set of skills developed or acquired through experience in one’s own life or by experience of others. These set of skills include good communication skills, ability to understand other feeling...
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...Leadership is a reciprocal relationship between like-minded leaders and followers to achieve a realistic and positive change through empowerment and planning. My definition of leadership is based on what I have learned in my leadership studies as well as my personal experiences with leadership throughout my life. I use aspects from some of the previous definitions of leadership that once were used and accepted. I personally believe that leadership can be rightly defined in many different ways depending on the circumstances that are used to describe it. This being said, my definition of leadership should not be considered the only one that is plausible, rather one that should be used in the instances that I have been a part of. Before I go forward and describe in more detail, I feel it is fitting to give a brief description of some of the past leadership definitions and styles that have affected me. Leadership has been defined in many different ways ever since it was first described in academics. Some of the theories that have affected my leadership the most are the situational leadership theory, charismatic leadership, and leadership as a social change. These are not the only ones that I believe have sculpted the way I choose to be a leader, but they are the most important ones to me. The situational leadership theory of leadership can best be described as a leadership style that is flexible to change. This style of leaderships asserts that the situation will dictate how...
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...There are many differences between management and leadership. Management relies on positional power, that is authority or status. It depends on the rules, structures and systems within an organisation, which surround a job. Leadership relies on personal power. This comes from the ability to develop strong and mutually rewarding relationships. It depends upon good interpersonal skills, positive personal characteristics and supportive behaviour. The key to leadership is influence. Leadership is a facet of good management but a leader does not necessarily have the positional power of a manager. The crux of this comparison between management and leadership is one of choice. People choose to follow and commit to a leader but a manager must be followed. We are emotional animals and the commitments we make based on our emotions are forcible. Management The manager’s primary commitment is to the employing organisation. His/her job is to manage members of the organisation in achieving that organisation’s goals using his/her positional power. Good management involves: • Information Control (Keeping people informed about issues which affect them) • Resources control (Allocated on the basis of business priority) • An Appraisal system (Using performance indicators and objectives as the basis of appraisal) • Job Seniority (Giving clear instructions for tasks) • Specialist Expertise (Sharing expertise to help and develop others) • Rewards and Punishment (Using rewards fairly and transparently...
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...QuickView Leadership Series Helping you navigate the leadership landscape Are Leaders Born or Made? Perspectives from the Executive Suite By: William Gentry, Ph.D., Jennifer J. Deal, Ph.D., Sarah Stawiski, Ph.D., and Marian Ruderman, Ph.D. Issued March 2012 Introduction Do you think a leader should be a hero or a negotiator? Out in front leading people or coordinating the work of the group? Destined to be a leader or developed to be a leader? The way we think about leadership affects how we perceive the leaders around us. For instance, if we expect a leader to be a hero, we are likely to see someone who takes charge to save the day as a good leader and someone who asks everyone’s opinions and lets the group make decisions as weak. Alternatively, if we think a leader should be collaborative and focused on making sure decisions arise from the group, we would view someone who is directive as aggressive or a tyrant. our beliefs about how people become leaders affect how we evaluate people’s leadership potential. Believing people are born leaders is likely to result in a focus more on selecIn the same way, tion (identify the right people) rather than on development (develop the people you get). On the other hand, believing that people are made into leaders by their experiences would be more likely to result in a greater focus on making sure people had the right opportunities to develop into leaders. Consider United States Supreme Court Justice Antonin...
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...A Vision to 21st century leadership The ultimate measure of man is not where he stands in moments of comfort and convenience, but where he stands at times of challenge and controversy. --Martin Luther King Jr. Abstract: Great quotes, great literature, great historical leaders, but still world is exploring the real essence of leadership. When we talk about leadership skills what exactly do we mean? Leadership skills are tools, behaviors and capabilities that a person need in order to be successful at motivating and directing others. Yet true leadership skills involve something more; the ability to help people grow in their own abilities. It can be said that the most successful leaders are those that drive others to achieve their own success. There are many leadership styles and has lot many leadership qualities attributed to the styles. Which one is perfect and what qualities make a good leader is slowly becoming the context and situation oriented. The dynamics and characteristics of this 21st century world are greatly varied than previous centuries. As the society becomes faster paced and dynamic the problems and challenges are also evolving in rapid fashion, making them even more difficult to resolve. People perception and demands on their leadership is also changing fast. They demand new styles of leadership which provide solutions, not necessary an autocratic way but a blend of different styles and qualities to suite these dynamic, challenging, complex 21st and future...
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...Leadership Questions Elizabeth Geevarghese NUR/492 Leadership Questions Leadership and management are essential to any organization. The effectives of leadership and management influence the success of the organization. Leaders guide the direction to the group, and the managers focus on the achievements of the organization. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the personal views of leadership, differentiate between management and leadership and explain the characteristics of an effective leader. Personal Views of Leadership In my opinion, the leader must have the potential to motivate the team members. A leader must be able to communicate effectively as well as have good listening skills. In my Personal view, a health care leader must be able to make detrimental decisions, able to work in a diverse community, culture, people and yet maintain tenacity and professionalism. My preference is to work with a leader who respects a healthcare professional, and not function on the basis of dictatorship whereby nurses are comfortable approaching the head with their problems or concerns. A leader needs to be consistent, visionary, confident, assertive, yet fair and open-minded so that the team members trust them, and together they attain the goals and be a success. Leadership and Management There is a close relationship between leadership and management, but they have different concepts. A leader is one who impacts others and uses interpersonal skills to achieve the goal...
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