...Animashaun R Tunde SOC 161 April 28, 2015 Critique on Our Guys The novel Our Guys, written by Bernard Lefkowitz, is a very dynamic story about the heinous actions of a dozen middle-class athletes from a small New York suburb against a defenseless mentally handicapped girl. Lefkowitz describes a brutal gang rape involving a baseball bat and broom handle which took place in this unsuspecting town, by these upstanding young group of boys, as the town would describe them. Lefkowitz looks at the incident which took place and then examines the “jock clique” sub-culture that allowed such atrocities to happen, and spawned the scandal to cover it up. Lefkowitz uses the qualitative method in his account of what occurred in Glen Ridge, New jersey. This method is a sociological method that is carried out to study a group of people without a survey. He did use the appropriate methodology to accomplish his goals in telling his story because the town of Glen ridge not much different from any other suburban American town. Like most towns it has its “cliques” and the “jocks” are at the pinnacle of the town. Idolized by the students and a source of pride for the entire town the Glen ridge boys were not like most high school athletes. The “Jock clique” formed at a very early age, and invaded their surroundings taking over where ever they went, whether it be school, games or around town, protected by the “boys will be boys” attitude held by the rest of the town. The boys started showing...
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...Lefkowitz v. Great Minneapolis Case Brief Judicial History: Facts: Great Minneapolis Surplus Store (D) published advertisements in a newspaper for a sale on fur coats, mink scarves, and a lapin stole. Each of the advertisements indicated that the sale items would be sold on a first come first served basis, stated the quantities of each item available, and stated that they would be sold for one dollar each. Lefkowitz (P) was the first customer to present himself and offer the one dollar price per the terms of the advertisement. The defendant refused to sell the sale items to Lefkowitz and told him that according to the “house rules” the offer was intended for women only. Issues: Under what circumstances does an advertisement for the sale of goods constitute an offer? Ruling: Great Minneapolis Surplus Store contended that a newspaper advertisement constitutes a unilateral offer which may be withdrawn without notice. The general rule is that advertisements are invitations to contract rather than offers; for contract formation purposes the prospective purchaser makes the offer and the seller can accept or reject the offer when received. An advertisement construed in such a manner does not become a contract for sale until a buyer’s offer is accepted by the seller, and the advertised terms can be modified or revoked without notice. Analysis: The test is whether the facts show that some performance was promised in positive terms in return for something requested. Whether such...
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...If the court finds that the contract is not fair it may void the contract altogether or enforce the contract taking out the unfair part of the contract. In most situations the merchant is the one who has to show it is a fair and “ unconscionable” contract. This specific article also includes the statute of frauds in which a sale of goods over $500 is involved. Here is example of Article II UCC enforceable contracts: Summary of Lefkowitz v. Great Minneapolis Surplus Store, 251 Minn. 188, 86 N.W.2d 689 (1957). 1 Facts Great Minneapolis Surplus Store (D) published advertisements in a newspaper for a sale on fur coats, mink scarves, and a lapin stole. Each of the advertisements indicated that the sale items would be sold on a first come first served basis, stated the quantities of each item available, and stated that they would be sold for one dollar each. Lefkowitz (P) was the first customer to present himself and offer the one dollar price per the terms of the advertisement. The defendant refused to sell the sale items to Lefkowitz and told him that according to the “house...
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...Marilyn Monroe was a legend. In her own lifetime she created a myth of what a poor girl from a deprived background could attain. For the entire world she became a symbol of the eternal feminine. But I have no words to describe the myth and legend. Nor would she want us to do so." Those were the words delivered at her Eulogy by Lee Stratsberg (Lefkowitz 114). The Eulogy summed up her impact then and it does now as well. Marilyn Monroe impacted music, movies, society and culture, in her time ,and still does today. Marilyn Monroe was born Norma Jeane Mortenson, as it said on her birth certificate, although she was also known as Norma Jeane Baker because she never knew the true identity of her father. She was born on June 1 st, 1926 in Los Angeles (Lefkowitz 21). Norma Jeane's childhood and life was anything but perfect. Shortly after she was born, her mother, Gladys Baker, was admitted into a rehabilitation center. Looking back on it she remembered her mother only as the "woman with red hair", who on occasions, would stop in and visit her (Wilson Biography II). From that point on she went from foster home to foster home. She also spent time in an orphanage in Los Angeles (Wilson Biography1). When her final set of foster parents was to move to California she decided to get married. At the age of sixteen she married 23 year old, Jim Dougherty. (McKittnick 1) The marriage lasted until 1943 when Dougherty joined the Merchant Marines during World War I. (Biography.com article 2) During...
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...The existence of contract law is to prevent any sort of illegal behaviour, injustice and to clarify any confusion or misunderstanding amongst the offerror and the offeree. Everybody in this world is an offeree as we all purchase goods and services to meet our personal needs and if our expectations are not met, there is a problem which is why the contract is created for both parties to follow. However, if either of them fails to do so, then they are in breach of contract and the aggrieved party has legal rights that they can try and enforce. A contract is formed when there is an offer or acceptance. In this assignment I have been given a case to resolve and advise the parties whether they are in breach of contract or not. A contract is a promise or set of promises the law will enforce. The scenario I have been given states that Fred placed an advertisement providing his potential buyers with the information given below. ‘Garage sale of law books. Items include the entire set of Weekly Law Reports from 1970 – 1990 to be sold to the first person who is willing to pay £100 for the lot. Sale starts Saturday 11th December at 9am. Address 1, Fairfield Road, Hygate, Telephone Number, Hygate 12345.’ Hence, Peter sets out early on Saturday 11th December to be the first one in the queue and offers £100 to Fred. However, he discovers that Fred has sold the books to Sally who had phoned him to purchase the books as soon as she saw the advertisement. In order for a contract to arise...
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...parents seek alternative methods of punishment. Spanking a child is just one of many forms of punishment that a parent can implicate on his child. By choosing spanking as the method of punishment, the child is learning to use violence as a way to obtain a certain outcome. Soon-to-be parents should be aware that spanking their child has been shown to lead to aggressive behavior, fear of adults, and anti-social behavior, and because of these risks, the parents should not spank their children. Spanking has been recorded since the Ancient Greek times. Spankings were administrated to the adults by pagan priests to increase fertility in women. The Catholics adopted this practice, but instead they used the concept to spank the sins out of women (Lefkowitz 23). The practice began to descend until it was an acceptable punishment for children. Many defenders of spanking believe that they have the right to spank their children because of the proverb “Spare the rod, spoil the child,” which is written in the Bible. By law, in most areas, spanking is left for the individual to determine if it is right for...
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...She had big dreams when it came to making it big in Hollywood. In order to get into any sort of career, one must get an education first. Norma went to high school along with attending acting and modeling classes as well (Lefkowitz 43). She did not complete high school, though (Lefkowitz 27). After she was done with her schooling, she got involved with Twentieth Century Fox and took acting classes there around 1946, signing on to her first label (BibleCode TV). They eventually dropped her for not showing up to practices or shows. After that, Columbia Pictures was interested in her and signed her on in 1948, unfortunately, soon after, they dropped her too (BibleCode TV). Being dropped several times only added on to her ever-so-challenging life, “A career is great, but you can’t curl up with it on a cold night.” -Marilyn Monroe. Norma was too determined to give up after only a few failures and unfortunate events. After all, most celebrities go through hard times before they can make themselves into...
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...Asthma Introduction In today's society children are faced with many problems in their day to day life. However, there is one disorder that affects many children and can be potentially fatal if not caught and treated correctly. This disorder is call asthma. The National Center for Biotechnology Information defines asthma as, "Asthma is a disorder that causes the airways of the lungs to swell and narrow, leading to wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightening, and coughing." Asthma mostly effects younger boys and effects adult women more than adult males. In the United States there are around 18.7 million children that have some type of asthma, which is about every 1 and 12. The number of people diagnosed with asthma grew by 4.3 million from 2001 to 2009. From 2001 through 2009 asthma rates rose the most among black children, almost a 50% increase. In a study in 2007 there was 3,447 asthma related deaths in the United States. Nine deaths a day were caused by this disorder. There are many different types of treatment that can be used to help cure or manage asthma if diagnosed correctly. Many children do not receive the medication the need due to lack of insurance coverage, no health benefits or they do not get the right diagnosis. Asthma costs in the US grew from about $53 billion in 2002 to about $56 billion in 2007, about a 6% increase. Greater access to medical care is needed for the growing number of people with asthma. Asthma cost the US about $3,300 per person with...
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...– or vice versa. Rather compare them under specific subject areas such as birth, upbringing, marriage, authority/influence at home, political influence, economic power, status in society… and anything else which you believe is important. The following books (with barcodes in brackets) are available on Short Loan. Bradley’s book is helpful as a general guide to students of Classics. Those by Pomeroy, Fantham and Lefkowitz and Samons focus on women in the Classical World. The other works may not have immediate relevance to this essay, but should be helpful as you study Athenian and Spartan forms of government and the ways of life and values of these two very different societies. Bradley, P. Ancient Greece: Using Evidence. (10021550) Barrow, R. Athenian Democracy. (13143987) Cartledge, P. Sparta and Lakonia. (12667874) Fantham E et al. Women in the classical world. (11621324) Fornara, C., Samons, L. Athens from Cleisthenes to Pericles (10112243). Forrest, W G G. A history of Sparta. (12245024) Lefkowitz, M. and Fant, M. Women’s life in Greece and Rome. (13181638) Pomeroy, S. Goddesses, whores, wives and slaves. (10554835) Sinclair, P. Democracy and Participation in Athens (11131361) Thorley, J. Athenian Democracy. (11546542) Recommended length: approx. 1200 words You will need both to email your essay to your...
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...Sexually transmitted Infections (STI) have a deep impact on quality of life, reproductive health and child health as they are the main cause of infertility especially in women. Gonorrhea is referred as a silent infection because it is often asymptomatic. This places a burden in the community as it increases the risk of transmission (Skala, Secura, & Peipert, 2012). In the “Global strategy for the prevention and control of sexually transmitted infection 2006–2015’’ released by World Health Organization, it is reported that 40% of untreated gonorrhoea can lead to Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) (2006) in women. Untreated gonorrhoea can spread to the fallopian tubes and uterus leading to tissue damage. As a consequence, it increases the risk of infertility (Skala et al., 2012). In addition, 4000 babies worldwide become blind due to maternal gonococcal transmitted to them as they pass through the birth canal (WHO, 2006). Chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis, trichomonas infection, HPV and hepatitis B virus are the highest priority infections in Australia. This is due to their high incidences and the major impact they have economically when they are undetected and untreated despite being easily preventable and highly treatable ("Second National Sexually Transmissible Infections Strategy 2010–2013", 2010). Despite numerous efforts and strategies, the population rate of diagnosis of STIs continue to increase in Australia ("Annual Surveillance Report", 2011). The population rate...
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...Organizational Psychology Kevin Reynolds PSY/428 May 29, 2012 Dr. Jeff Dunlap Organizational Psychology Government agencies, corporations, for-profit, and not-for-profit organizations are all composed of individuals making a larger, whole organization. Several factors can influence an individual, and the organization. Stress, working conditions, and external factors such as work-life balance influence an organization. Organizational Psychologists offer organizations ideas in the area of work environment conditions, work-life balance, and production improvements by using available methods of analysis and research. Organizational Psychology is "a field that utilizes scientific methodology to better understands the behavior of individuals working in organizational settings” (Jex & Britt, 2008 p.1). Organizational psychology concentrates on the human aspect of the working environment. Using research, surveys and interviewing, organization psychology will allow the psychologist to suggest process improvements and other ways to improve workplace conditions. Similar concentration of study will affect and can also improve production efficiencies. Organizational psychologists study and report on employee behaviors. Organizational psychologist will offer suggestions for improvements with the goal of influencing positive production, employee morale, and increase in profits. Research and Statistics Psychologist will use research and statistical exploration to develop theories...
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...Organizational Psychology Government agencies, corporations, for-profit, and not-for-profit organizations are all composed of individuals making a larger, whole organization. Several factors can influence an individual, and the organization. Stress, working conditions, and external factors such as work-life balance influence an organization. Organizational Psychologists offer organizations ideas in the area of work environment conditions, work-life balance, and production improvements by using available methods of analysis and research. Organizational Psychology is "a field that utilizes scientific methodology to better understands the behavior of individuals working in organizational settings” (Jex & Britt, 2008 p.1). Organizational psychology concentrates on the human aspect of the working environment. Using research, surveys and interviewing, organization psychology will allow the psychologist to suggest process improvements and other ways to improve workplace conditions. Similar concentration of study will affect and can also improve production efficiencies. Organizational psychologists study and report on employee behaviors. Organizational psychologist will offer suggestions for improvements with the goal of influencing positive production, employee morale, and increase in profits. Research and Statistics Psychologist will use research and statistical exploration to develop theories, suggestions, and then offer recommendations to organizations regarding improvements...
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...Body Image in Today`s Society Today we are invaded with perfect body images by the mass media, internet, and Smart phones. With a carful inside look we can discover that our society has changed during the past years. Today our body’s need to be in shape, often a self-check and careful attention on eating habits can affect our life for the better or for the worse. Everybody has a body image, and feeling about how it looks, and how other people think we look in front of them. The Image of the body can give a positive or a negative response, it depends on how we feel about our body parts, some of them good and other is not so good, this is a normal factor for human`s. Being in contact each day with this issue, I can honestly talk about how it effects the work environment, the trust and confidence that people have when talking to you. The image has a huge effect in society and everywhere and that may not be a good thing. The societies today are submerged with a stereo type and unrealistic images of physical appearance. People may forget what is important in life, sometime is it may be cool and it may be unhealthy. All around the world we are surrounded with malls selling the latest fashions, made to seem appealing by the media that advertises them. It is normal to follow the trend, and if people choose not to follow they are un-cool, or boring. By researching the argument, we found that is not only one specific gender, age, workplace, or culture but all people and background...
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...is an action, inviting the other parties to make an offer in order for a contract to be made. It treat cannot be accepted and therefore cannot directly be converted into a contract. The reasons for the decision advertisements to be considered to be invitations to treat are various – from allowing sellers to refuse to sell a wrongly labeled item, to protecting them from legal obligation resulting from a breach of contract when they fail to accommodate all needs due to a shortage in stock or failure in the supply chain. In certain situations, though, an advert can be elevated into an offer. In order for that to happen, the wording must be unambiguous and explicit, leaving no room for negotiation. This concept was first illustrated in the Lefkowitz v Great Minneapolis Surplus Store case. Even though it wasn’t an English case, it can still serve as an example in cases with similar circumstances due to the similarities in the legal systems of the UK and the USA. Furthermore, the offers themselves can be two types – unilateral and bilateral. In unilateral, also known as one-sided offers, one party (known as the offeror) makes a promise in exchange for an act carried out by another party (called the offeree). A classical case, which involves a unilateral offer, is the Carlil v Carbolic Smoke Ball Company one. In contrast, a bilateral offer is...
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...Is it worth waiting? Sex has completely filled our world. It is becoming harder and harder to remain true to one’s beliefs and values. Specially, concerning teenagers, it seems that everywhere we turn there is temptation and more reasons to succumb to desire. The pressure is high, but it is then that we must remain true to our convictions. Traditional and conservative wisdom states that a couple should wait to have sex until the nuptial vows have been uttered. Many teenagers believe that religion is the only force stopping us from having intercourse. Personally, I don’t consider myself a religious person, yet I agree with the idea of waiting until marriage. My reasons are simple: health, safety, and emotional distress can be saved if we remain abstinent throughout our adolescence. My generation seems to have a wrong idea about sex. It is not bad or dirty; it is a very beautiful thing, and prolonging it will only make it the more special and intimate to share with one’s partner. For all intents and purposes, sex is a physical act first and foremost, and because of this, it comes with many physical health hazards that could define our future. Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) statistics show that on a global level, “1 in 4 teenagers contracts an STD/STI every year”. Diseases like Herpes, AIDS, Chlamydia, and Gonorrhea could change your life forever, making it impossible to ever have sex again. Condoms are only 97% effective and therefore, cannot guarantee protection from...
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