...Ethics can be defined as “the philosophical study of morality, more specifically the study of what’s “right,” “wrong,” “good,” “bad,” “obligatory,” and “permissible.” Ethics is an effort to understand and justify moral concepts, principles, and theories, it is an investigation into the values and virtues that are important to leading and living a good life (Williams & Arrigo, p.3)”. Similarly, morality is referred to as people’s values, and beliefs about what’s right and wrong, good or bad. Ethics encourages conscientious reflection on how we should live our lives, the decisions we should make, and the actions we should take when confronted with a variety of scenarios throughout our lives. With that being said, that brings us to the topic of...
Words: 1395 - Pages: 6
...Brian Ardizzoni Michael Neil English 1301, Composition 1 25 November 2012 Medical Malpractice For nearly forty years, tort reform constantly becomes an increasingly controversial issue affecting the medical community, the legal community and most of all, the victims of some very unfortunate accidents. Tort reform refers to laws passed on a state-by-state basis which place limits or caps on the type or amount of damages awarded in personal injury lawsuits. Those who advocate medical malpractice tort reform believe limitations should be set on the amount of damages a plaintiff or injured party can be rewarded by the court. These advocates usually include medical professionals and insurance companies. Their argument is that too many frivolous lawsuits lead to high malpractice insurance, the increasing cost of medical care and a burden on the taxpayers whose tax dollars absorb the extravagant litigation costs for these claims. They believe doctors will eventually be unable to practice medicine due to costly malpractice insurance premiums which may leave many Americans unable to obtain much-needed healthcare. In the past, as the rate of malpractice suits began to grow, so did the rate of malpractice insurance. This ended up having a dire impact on the medical profession. For one thing, many qualified doctors ended up leaving their practices and focusing more on preventative medicine. In other words, they...
Words: 3268 - Pages: 14
...State of Vermont Abstract Conflict may seem never ending when two people decide they can no longer live together and want to separate. Children can often be the last ones thought about when a couple is going through a divorce, however, they play a key role in the issues surrounding the divorce and what will happen to them as part of this procedure. The court is ultimately responsible for making sure the children’s best interest is reflected when deciding what happens to them after a divorce. Parents play a key role in this decision making, though if conflict between the parents causes them to fight and not be able to come to an affable arrangement, then the courts must decide for them. This paper explains what the court expects from parents, surrounding divorce and custody issues, how they can best resolve those conflicts, and why it is best to solve those issues in the interest of the children. Keywords: Custody, physical custody, legal custody, temporary custody, joint custody, alternative dispute resolution, child custody mediation, collaborative law, parenting plan, child support, child custody evaluation, visitation, parental rights and responsibilities, temporary order, final order. Custody of Minor Children after Divorce in the State of Vermont When parents decide they no longer want to live together, they separate and if married, usually divorce. There can be many reasons for this, however, they all stem from some sort of conflict between the two parents. When...
Words: 2477 - Pages: 10
...Australia Two empirical studies have been undertaken in Australia to obtain the experiences of family members involved in relocation disputes - a small-scale, retrospective, qualitative study of 33 parents by Associate Professor Juliet Behrens, Associate Professor Bruce Smyth and Dr Rae Kaspiew; and a larger, prospective, longitudinal study of 80 parents and 19 children by Professor Patrick Parkinson, Associate Professor Judy Cashmore, the Hon Richard Chisholm and Judi Single, from the University of Sydney Faculty of Law.3 Behrens, Smyth and Kaspiew The Australian Research Council funded Behrens, Smyth and Kaspiew (2008a, 2008b, 2009a, 2009b) to undertake a small-scale, retrospective, qualitative study involving in-depth interviews with 38 separated parents (27 fathers and 11 mothers) concerning their experiences of contested relocation proceedings in the Family Court of Australia (FCA), the Federal Magistrates Court or the Family Court of Western Australia between 2002 and mid-2005 (i.e. where the Court order had been made between 18 months and five years previously). The research team also planned to interview the children of these parents, but after only being able to recruit three children had to abandon this aspect of their study. The study aimed to specifically examine how parents (and children) perceived the impact on themselves and other family members of the decision; what had happened for the family members in the aftermath of the decision (for example, how had patterns...
Words: 6565 - Pages: 27
...by various governmental institutions to govern a community. Law moderates our day–to-day lives with regards to human relationships. It has various concepts to it; company law, property law, trust law, criminal law, constitutional law, administrative law, international law, and civil law. The study of law allows for review and revision of these rules and regulations ensuring that none is faulty or biased in any manner to a single party of the human population. Definitions The above mentioned concepts are in light of the various activities we indulge in. Contract law deals with regulation of trade terms relating to establishments of contracts. Property law deals in ownership rights and ownership transfers of personal property. It is often called Chattel law. We can say that Trust law applies to assets that are secured for financial reasons. A concept of law that was not mentioned previously in the introduction part is Tort law. This law enables one to apply for compensation in the case of loss of or damage of personal property (Byers 22). Criminal law establishes the way and reasons for perpetrator prosecution. Constitutional law protects the human rights as well as providing the legal framework for the governance of a state, and its laws. Administrative law presents governmental policies after they have been reviewed by governmental agencies, while...
Words: 1314 - Pages: 6
...Historical Perspective of Antidumping activities in USA (Irwin, 2005) The focus of this study is to put recent antidumping activity in USA in historical context by studying the determinants of annual case filings over the past half century. Antidumping was an obscure part of U.S. trade policy and no research was done on the topic until pioneering paper of Finger, Hall, and Nelson (1982). The study focuses on the period prior to 1980 and revels the following: the number of antidumping investigations conducted in the late 1930s and the late 1950s and early 1960s are surprisingly large and comparable to the post-1980s levels of activity; most antidumping investigations prior to the 1970s were dismissed by the Treasury Department as lacking evidence of less-than-fair-value (LTFV) sales; by contrast, now virtually all petitions move on to the injury-determination stage of the process; the increase in antidumping cases since the early 1980s is related to the rise of multiple petitions—that is, petitions citing several source countries of dumping the same product in the U.S. market; in fact, the number of products targeted in antidumping cases has fallen since the mid-1980s; the proximate determinants of the annual number of antidumping cases are the unemployment rate, the exchange rate, import penetration, and a 1984 legal change that encouraged the filing of multiple petitions. Antidumping decisions and macroeconomic determinants (Mah, 2000) In the United States, domestic firms...
Words: 1128 - Pages: 5
...ACS Code of Ethics Case Studies & Related Clauses to the Code of Conduct Australian Computer Society July 2012 Title ACS Code of Ethics Case Studies & Related Clauses to the Code of Conduct Authors Committee on Computer Ethics Mike Bowern Version History Date Document Version Revision History (reason for change) Author /Reviser July 2012 2.0 ACS Branding Sarah Li Approvals Date approved Version Approved By Date in force Date of Next Review To be confirmed 17 July 2012 2.0 Ruth Graham 17 July 2012 Custodian title & e-mail address: Responsible Business Group: Distribution: ruth.graham@acs.org.au Professional Standards, Learning & Development General (no restriction on distribution) Content Security: Unclassified Australian Computer Society | ACS Code of Ethics Case Studies & Related Clauses to the Code of Conduct | July 2012 Page 2 ACS CODE OF ETHICS CASE STUDIES & RELATED CLAUSES TO THE CODE OF CONDUCT This document provides a range of case studies with references to relevant clauses of the ACS Code of Ethics. These Codes consists of a series of clauses which gradually expand on aspects of ethical behaviour relevant to professional people in the ICT industry. Clause 2.0 describes the Code of Ethics, summarised as six values: The Primacy of the Public Interest; The Enhancement of the Quality of Life; Honesty; Competence; Professional Development; and Professionalism. Clauses 2.1 through to 2.7 cover the ACS Code...
Words: 13862 - Pages: 56
...Ethics and Professional Responsibility Study Unit By Michael Wilson, Esq. Reviewed By Brian Bastyr, Esq. About the Author Michael Wilson is a freelance writer and college instructor who has had wide legal and educational experience. He graduated with his Bachelor of Arts degree in English from the University of Kentucky in 1976 and three years later received his law degree from the same school. He has been a partner in a law firm, a solo practitioner, and has done work in General and Family Mediation. He has also been a fulltime instructor in Paralegal Studies at Sullivan College, Lexington, KY, where he has taught such classes as Legal Research, Advanced Legal Writing and Appellate Practice, and Wills and Estates. He was given the “Teacher of the Year” award in 1997. Mr. Wilson has also had a number of papers published on legal topics in both scholarly and popular journals. About the Reviewer Brian Bastyr is a senior attorney editor for West Group, a legal publishing company. He earned a bachelor’s degree at the University of Illinois, and a Juris Doctor from the University of Illinois College of Law. He is currently a member of the Illinois bar, and has published a number of articles in legal journals. All terms mentioned in this text that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. Use of a term in this text should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service...
Words: 22897 - Pages: 92
...reads. Consistency in these three items is key to a good case study. 2. Draw your reader in with a unique title. It should attract the reader and make them want to read more. 3. Begin writing the paper. Start by identifying the problem that is being explored in the case study. 4. Explore the problem, including cause, effect and theory. Give as much background as possible. 5. Discuss the possible solution, and/or how this issue was specifically resolved. Tell what methods were used in the process. 6. Describe benefits of the study. Tell how the benefits overall affect the group to which your case study is aimed. 7. Utilize the general-to-specific-to-general approach. This is the approach to use because it draws the reader in, demonstrates a specific example, and then shows how it applies to the group as a whole. It also shows the reader how they can address their own problem this way. Tips & Warnings • Use facts and numbers where possible. This is specifically aimed at the benefits portion of the case study. Potential readers will be compelled with the numbers and how they are affected by them and remain interested. • Use photos if necessary. If photos are used, be sure they are professionally done so as to not sully the quality of the case study. • Have an executive sign off on your case study when complete, if possible. It increases the credibility of your case study. • Format your paper in an easy to read format like...
Words: 5555 - Pages: 23
...considering the need to understand the ‘mechanics’ that help make sense of the more involved themes that develop in the book as you progress through Law in Context. The observations, important in their own right, may be particularly useful for seeing how their often ubiquitous expression is taken as ‘normal’ in the areas of wider society, such as in discussions of economics and power. It is unlikely that you will find any ‘right answers’ from this summary, but I do hope it helps you in synthesising opinions. A bibliography of books I used is given at the end of this summary. If your head isn’t spinning too much, maybe it is worth getting together earlier in the semester with friends and talking about some of the issues that particularly interest you. Don’t be worried if ‘you don’t know anything’. It’s probable that you, as for most of us, are neither as enlightened nor as...
Words: 51747 - Pages: 207
...Mohamed A. Hassan Ph.d Research Scholar What was up with Wall Street? The Goldman Sachs Standards and Shades of Gray Abstract This paper discusses the business ethics in the organization through the examination of ethical practices conducted at Goldman Sachs Inc. The paper includes a list of all the actions executed by Goldman Sachs Inc which are defined in this paper as gray area practices. The paper also presents an ethical analysis of these gray area actions as well as all the parties that were affected by the Goldman Sachs practices. Business Ethics The problem to be investigated is business ethics through the examination of ethical practices conducted by Goldman Sachs Inc and ethical gray areas which are situations and problems that don’t fit neatly into any existing mode of ethical analysis within the business (Marshall, 2007). Business ethics are very important to inspire the employees and attract more wanting to work for the business. Business ethics are also important because if the business lacks good ethics, this can damage the business reputation and make it less appealing to stakeholders and that will lead to profit loss affect the whole business. Ethics of business has been discussed by Peter Drucker (Drucker, 1986, p. 254) which he said “The problem is one of moral values and moral education, of the individual, of the family, of the school. But there neither is a separate ethics of business, nor is one needed”. Drucker’s interpretation of business ethics...
Words: 1846 - Pages: 8
...paradigms. The aim will be to elaborate clearly the use of international law and organizations on all the paradigms in connection to international security and inter-state relationships. Realist Paradigm Realism is mounted on the notion that, world politics is driven by competitive self-interests and a struggle for power that is aimed at preserving and improving military, security and economic interests. To realists, the presence of war is essential in a state system as it clearly underlines the hypothesis of international conflict. Such states are characterized by chaos and revolutions, which are directly linked to vested national interests, distribution of power and conflict. a. Political realism The Iranian nuclear program has attracted much attention within the international arena due to the interest devoted by nation’s states on their foreign policies (Bowen & Brewer2011). In international relations, realists and idealists paradigms are important as they concern themselves with substantive issues affecting nations and states while making foreign policy decisions. Political realists argue that states struggle to secure conflicting national interests creating the main action on the globe (Rourke, 2007). Iranian nuclear activities open up the possibility of a secret relationship between her religion and the ongoing nuclear standoff that is mounting international pressure. The European Union (EU), United States and UN...
Words: 1772 - Pages: 8
...In high profile cases, prosecutors are often their own worst enemies. The pressure to succeed too often causes prosecutors in the spotlight to make strategic and ethical decisions that can backfire against their case. Several recent high-profile cases illustrate this problem: (1) the Michael Jackson child molestation trial, (2) the Jesse James Hollywood murder prosecution, and (3) the clemency proceedings of murderer Michael Morales. This essay is not intended to embarrass any particular prosecutor. Indeed, prosecutors in high-profile cases face a particularly difficult task. Each decision they make is put under a microscope by the media and its legal commentators.2 Defense lawyers are quick to claim prosecutorial misconduct, 3 knowing that ∗ Professor of Law, William M. Rains Fellow & Director, Center for Ethical Advocacy, Loyola Law School, Los Angeles. The author wishes to express her gratitude to her fabulous research assistants, Shawn Domzalski and Jeffrey Jensen, for their help with this Essay. As always, their assistance was invaluable. Thank you also to the staff and editors of the Loyola Law School Law Review for their fine editorial assistance. Finally, thank you to Sammy and Marci Maniker-Leiter for their daily inspiration. 1. MODEL CODE OF PROF’L RESPONSIBILITY EC 1–2 (1981). 2. For the ethical responsibilities of prosecutors in evaluating these cases, see Erwin Chemerinsky & Laurie Levenson, The Ethics of Being a Commentator III, 50 MERCER L. REV. 737 (1999); Erwin...
Words: 826 - Pages: 4
...Conclusion Conflict in an organization can increase the overall effectiveness of the task at hand as having multiple perspectives often lead to conflict in an organization. They in any situation is inevitable and unavoidable but the consequences or the results of the conflicts can be determined. Conflict management is the principal that says that all the conflicts cannot necessarily be resolved but it's important to learn how to manage the conflicts arising due to unavoidable situation in order to minimize the effect of non-productive escalation. Also, this process requires skills that facilitate conflict resolution such as self-awareness about the conflict models, communication skills, along with establishing a structure for management of...
Words: 715 - Pages: 3
...QUESTION TWO: ADULT CASE STUDY, AN ETHICAL ISSUE OF CONSENT. This essay presents a critical incident analysis of a 70 years old man refusing to give consent to a life saving treatment. The essay will discuss its impact by discussing the conflict between professional and the patient’s issues. It will go on to explain the main professional issues in the scenario, breach of any NMC code of conduct and show how they relate to the guidelines set by Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC). It will also highlight on the relevant underlying legal or ethical principles that applies to the case study and its implications. For instance, ethical principles, such as beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, justice, human rights and the best interests of the patient will be explored, in the light of relevant laws, in order to show some of the legal and ethical complexities within this case study, and finally draw a conclusion. For confidentiality purposes, have been changed in accordance to the NMC guidelines. The main professional issue reflected in this case study is the issue of consent. Consent, means to give permission for something to take place or to agree to do something (oxford dictionary 1998). This does not necessitate that, the actions approved have been developed or permission given in the knowledge of possible consequences known as informed consent has been achieved. This goes to show that, for medical purposes, although the patient has the right to refuse treatment, he has to also...
Words: 2648 - Pages: 11