... Being the family of a military service member is already a difficult and complex lifestyle; deployments don’t make it any easier. Military deployment is a unique experience affecting both service members who make sacrifices for our country, and the loved ones who await their return. The potential for deployment is a constant reality. Today’s military deployments may occur in rapid succession and be extended. Therefore, military personnel and their families must always be deployment-ready. Deployments are not easy and can create significant stress for U.S. military men and women and their families. In many cases deployments cans create problems in families. It can contribute to marital problems, family dysfunction, and emotional or behavioral disturbance in spouses and children. The primary purpose of this research paper is to describe the effects of military deployments on a families and children. This paper will discuss the effects and they type of effects the military families and children are faced with. “Deployments in the United States have increased greatly in the past 10 years. Families and children are psychiatrically affected by these deployments and recent studies are clarifying these effects.” (James 2012, p.16) Deployments in military service entails the departing of men and women who leave their families and their homes with a group of other soldiers (Army, Air force, Marines, Navy) and go to another country for a period of 90 days to 15 months. During...
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...management team demographic characteristics and firm outcomes. However, empirical results have been inconsistent. Certo, Lester, Dalton and Dalton (2006), after conducting a meta-analysis of several studies, found modest support for a direct relationship between TMT demographic indicators and firm performance, but indicated moderating influences. Hambrick (1994) provided the main argument against TMT research based on demographic characteristics. According to him, this line of inquiry pays “too little attention to the actual mechanisms that serve to convert group characteristics into organization outcomes” (p. 185). Recent research on strategic leadership, trying to overcome these mixed findings, has begun to change focus away form TMT characteristics and concentrate on the processes underlying TMT decision making (functioning) such as comprehensiveness, consensus, social integration, conflict and decision speed (Certo et al., 2006). Lubatkin et al. (2006) and Carmeli and Schaubroeck (2006) present good examples that, when processes were measured directly, they were a stronger predictor of organization outcomes and performance than demographic characteristics. Among the recent studies of TMT processes, the concept of behavioral integration (Hambrick, 1994) has received particular attention (Simsek et al., 2005). As defined by Hambrick (1994), behavioral integration is a meta-construct that aims to capture team’s social and task processes. More specifically it tries to capture...
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...psychology, including social cognitive theory, therapy and personality psychology, and was also influential in the transition between behaviorism and cognitive psychology. He is known as the originator of social learning theory and the theory of self-efficacy, and is also responsible for the influential 1961 Bobo doll experiment. A 2002 survey ranked Bandura as the fourth most-frequently cited psychologist of all time, behind B. F. Skinner, Sigmund Freud, and Jean Piaget, and as the most cited living one.[1] Bandura is widely described as the greatest living psychologist,[2][3][4][5] and as one of the most influential psychologists of all time.[6][7] In 1974 Bandura was elected to be the Eighty-Second President of the American Psychological Association (APA). He was one of the youngest president-elects in the history of the APA at the age of 46. Bandura served as a member of the APA Board of Scientific Affairs from 1968 to 1970 and is well known as a member of the editiorial board of nine psychology journals including the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology from 1963 to 1972.[8] At the age of 82, Bandura was awarded the Grawemeyer Award for psychology and is known as one of the most influential psychologists of the 20th century. [9] Contents [hide] * 1 Personal life * 2 Education and academic career * 2.1 Post-doctoral work * 3 Research * 3.1 Social learning theory * 3.2 Aggression * 3.3 Social cognitive theory * 3.3.1 Social foundations...
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...Affects of Multiple Deployments on Military Service Members and Families during Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF): Time Period 2001-2012 Gina Pagano-Briglin, MSW University of the Incarnate Word 3 December 2012 I. Introduction Since September 11, 2001, there have been significant changes in the security measures of air travel, financial security, but one of the most significant changes is that of military operations. The United States began combat operations in Iraq and Afghanistan on October 7, 2001 in response to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks officially referred to as Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF). Since October 2001, about 1.9 million service members have been deployed to Afghanistan and Iraq (Asbury & Martin, 2011). OEF/OIF has many unique features with regard to the military forces being sent to fight oversees. The all-volunteer military has experienced multiple deployments to the combat areas, with an increased use of the National Guard and Reserve Components, higher numbers of deployed women and parents of young children, and increases in the number of service members surviving severe injuries and other side effects from combat (Shaw & Hector, 2010). Service members may be subjected to more than one deployment. Studies show that overall about 40% of current military service members have been deployed more than once, with over one quarter serving...
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...reliable relationships with peers, family, community members, and service providers, they are more likely to have positive relationships with their children. To work toward the Parent, Family, Community and Environment: Positive Parent-Child Relationships Outcome, providers and programs can: provide emotional and concrete support to parents,1.respect diverse parenting styles, 2.value cultural differences and home languages, 3.reinforce the importance of fathers and other co-parents, 4.help parents connect with other parents and community members and resources, and model warm, responsive relationships by engaging in these relationships with parents and other family members The objective of this chapter is to present the child interaction theory as a useful framework for assessing and promoting positive parental competency in children. This is too discussed: 1) Positive Parent-Child Relationships Boost Child Development and School Readiness, and 2) Building Positive Parent-Child Relationships from the Beginning. Dr. Barnard’s PCI Model is the relationship between...
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...who kill themselves. As per a yearly report (Berman, 2014), the number of law enforcement agents killed while working rose almost a quarter this past year compared to years prior, especially ambush-style killings. Police officers across the country face potential dangers on their job, and they are a target simply because they are in uniform. As well, every 17 hours an officer commits suicide (Berman, 2014). This paper explores the correlation of the stress experienced by law enforcement associated with general strain theory (GST). GST is an explanation for suicide ideation for law enforcement officers. Other articles observe that police officers may suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after a critical incident or a traumatic experience. PTSD awareness is critical for saving lives. Why is there an increase in law enforcement deaths and suicides, and what needs to occur to change this trend? Keywords: post-traumatic stress disorder, general strain theory Introduction There were 50 officers murdered by shootings in 2014, a huge leap from the 32 such deaths a year prior (Berman, 2014). One officer killed is one officer too many, and this trend needs to be reversed. How does society stop this? Altogether, 126 law enforcement officers died in 2014, an increase of almost a quarter from the 102 officers who were killed in 2013 (Berman, 2014). What is causing this increase in law enforcement officers to die? The most concerning about the measurement is that countless...
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...Journal of Management http://jom.sagepub.com/ New Venture Teams: A Review of the Literature and Roadmap for Future Research Anthony C. Klotz, Keith M. Hmieleski, Bret H. Bradley and Lowell W. Busenitz Journal of Management published online 26 June 2013 DOI: 10.1177/0149206313493325 The online version of this article can be found at: http://jom.sagepub.com/content/early/2013/06/26/0149206313493325 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com On behalf of: Southern Management Association Additional services and information for Journal of Management can be found at: Email Alerts: http://jom.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://jom.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav >> OnlineFirst Version of Record - Jun 26, 2013 What is This? Downloaded from jom.sagepub.com at Jonkoping University Library on November 11, 2013 493325 research-article2013 JOMXXX10.1177/0149206313493325Journal of Management / Month XXXXKlotz et al. / New Venture Teams Journal of Management Vol. XX No. X, Month XXXX 1–30 DOI: 10.1177/0149206313493325 © The Author(s) 2013 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav New Venture Teams: A Review of the Literature and Roadmap for Future Research Anthony C. Klotz Oregon State University Keith M. Hmieleski Texas Christian University Bret H. Bradley Lowell W. Busenitz University of Oklahoma As entrepreneurship...
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...Abstract There are approximately three million people serving in the Armed Forces, and there are about 1.8 million children that are part of military families. With over a decade in war, multiple and prolonged absences of the military parent have taken a toll on the military youth. With deployments and Temporary Duty (TDY) separations have become a way of life for these families. Although it may seem they are accustomed to these separations, recent studies have found increased emotional and behavioral difficulties associated to the military deployment cycle for youth of all ages. Adolescents, who are naturally going through a period of marked changes in their lives, and as they are trying to find their identity and learn to be independent, parental separation due to the military can impact their development. This paper includes research and a literature review on adolescents and the military life, how being part of a military family affects their social, emotional, cognitive and physical development, as well as the findings from an informational interview with a School Counselor. Introduction The United States military force consists of more than 2.2 million voluntary service members (Department of Defense; DoD, 2011). In 2007, approximately 1.88 million US Children had at least one parent serving in the military (Reed, Bell, & Edwards, 2011, p. 1676). The experience of being part of a military family is unique and rewarding, but at the same time is filled with sacrifices...
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...health professionals • Review the various definitions of human personality • Offer insights into the history of personality theories • Introduce some of the methods used to measure or evaluate personality • Present some of the major personality theorists who have developed the concepts we will be studying S ubdisciplines of psychology such as social psychology, cognitive psychology, and indus- trial psychology endeavor to find common principles that will explain everyone’s behavior. These subfields have achieved considerable success in doing so, since we are all similar in many ways. Despite our similarities, however, there is little doubt that each human being is unique—different from every other individual on the planet. Seeking to understand human commonalities and seeking to account for individual differences are complementary, insofar as we cannot fully apprehend differences if we cannot identify our common characteristics. Personality psychology looks for answers to numerous questions. In what ways do human beings differ? In what situations and along what dimensions do they differ? Why do they differ? How much do they differ? How consistent are human differences? Can they be measured? These are the issues that this text will explore. An important aspect of this exploration will be a critical examination of the numerous theories that have been proposed to explain personality. Some of these are competing and contradictory while others are supportive ...
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...immediate goal of understanding individuals and groups by both establishing general principles and researching specific cases, and by many accounts it ultimately aims to benefit society. In this field, a professional practitioner or researcher is called a psychologist, and can be classified as a social, behavioral, or cognitive scientist. Psychologists attempt to understand the role of mental functions in individual and social behavior, while also exploring the physiological and neurobiological processes that underlie certain cognitive functions and behaviors. Structuralism was the first school of psychology and focused on breaking down mental processes into the most basic components. Researchers tried to understand the basic elements of consciousness using a method known as introspection. Wilhelm Wundt, founder of the first psychology lab, was an advocate of this position and is often considered the founder of structuralism, despite the fact that it was his student, Edward B. Titchener who first coined the term to describe this school of thought. Functionalism formed as a reaction to the structuralism and was heavily influenced by the work of William James and the evolutionary theory of Charles Darwin. Functionalists sought to explain the mental processes in a more systematic and accurate manner. Rather than focusing on the elements of consciousness, functionalists focused on the purpose of consciousness and behavior. Functionalism also emphasized individual differences, which had...
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...The Social And Academic Implications Of Drug Abuse Among Undergraduates: A Case Study Of The Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife. Nigeria. Citation: Kobiowu, S.V. (2006) The Social And Academic Implications Of Drug Abuse Amonst Undergraduates: A Case Study of the Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation. 11 (1), 61-68 [pic] Abstract The researcher investigated the incidence of drug misuse among university undergraduates, with particular reference to Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria. The study revealed that the academic pursuit of those undergraduates who engage in drug misuse is not unduly jeopardized, and that the abusers do not socialize extraordinarily, contrary to seemingly popular expectation. [pic] Introduction The term ‘drug’ in the main, would relate to “any substance that, when taken into a living organism, may modify one or more of its functions”, while abuse’ implies “a particular application of a drug more destructive than constructive for society, or the individual”. One may be hooked emotionally and psychologically, and may have a physical dependence, where one has a drug addiction problem, whether to a legal or illegal drug, there is a craving for it. The individual wants to use the drug again and again, and if it is stopped, there are usually unpleasant physical reactions. While it is not everyone...
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...In a organization psychological contract is a essential part of positive employee relationship. It requires interaction & communication between employer & employee. Basically psychological contract is the`mutual beliefs, perceptions and informal obligations between an employer and employee (D.Rousseau,1989). It can be distinguished from the legal employment contract. It is the perception of both employee and employer, of what are their mutual obligations towards each others. It can be more influential than the formal written contract in affecting how employees behave from day to day, their motivations and their commitment to the organization. Levinson (1962), the father of the concept of psychological contract defined it as an unwritten contract. According to his concept psychological contract is the sum of the mutual expectations between the organization and employees. Psychological contracts are mental models or schemas that develop through an individual’s interactions and experiences (Levinson, 1962) The psychological contract is playing an increasingly important role in helping to define and understand contemporary employment relationship (Millward & Brewerton, 1999). The psychological contract tells employees what they are required to do in order to meet their side of the bargain and what they can expect from their job. It offers a valid and helpful framework of thinking about the employment relationship, especially against a background of a changing labour market and...
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...UNIVERSITY OF GHANA DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY PROPOSED TOPIC: THE INFLUENCE OF PARENTING STYLES ON ASSERTIVENESS NAME: ABDALLAH MUNIRA INDEX NUMBER: 10272035 SUPERVISOR: DR ADOTEY ANUM CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY As we grow up, we learn to adapt our behavior to accommodate the norms of our societies. We model ourselves upon those around us, example parents, teachers, peers and other influences such as television and magazines. In the early years of a child’s life, parents are the most influential people until his teen years where peers replace parents. Children therefore model themselves to conform to the norms of their parents. Example in a typical Ghanaian society, it is a norm for children to obey their elders without challenging their opinions and judgments regardless of the situation. Internalizing these norms reflect in aspects of the child’s personality such as his self-concept and assertive skills, a norm like not expressing your opinions, feelings and beliefs openly and honestly is likely to hinder assertiveness in an...
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... A Skeptic's Guide to Computer Models by John D. Sterman This article was written by Dr. John D. Sterman, Director of the MIT System Dynamics Group and Professor of Management Science at the Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 50 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; email: jsterman@mit.edu. Copyright © John D. Sterman, 1988, 1991. All rights reserved. This paper is reprinted from Sterman, J. D. (1991). A Skeptic's Guide to Computer Models. In Barney, G. O. et al. (eds.), Managing a Nation: The Microcomputer Software Catalog. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 209-229. An earlier version of this paper also appeared in Foresight and National Decisions: The Horseman and the Bureaucrat (Grant 1988). A S KEPTIC'S GUIDE TO COMPUTER MODELS 2 The Inevitability of Using Models........................................................................3 Mental and Computer Models..............................................................................2 The Importance of Purpose..................................................................................3 Two Kinds of Models: Optimization Versus Simulation and Econometrics.......4 Optimization.............................................................................................4 Limitations of Optimization..........................................................5 When To Use Optimization....................
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...GROUP INTERACTION JOURNAL ARTICLES Compiled by Lawrence R. Frey University of Colorado at Boulder Aamodt, M. G., & Kimbrough, W. W. (1982). Effects of group heterogeneity on quality of task solutions. Psychological Review, 50, 171-174. Abbey, D. S. (1982). Conflict in unstructured groups: An explanation from control-theory. Psychological Reports, 51, 177-178. Abele, A. E. (2003). The dynamics of masculine-agentic and feminine-communal traits: Findings from a prospective study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 768-776. Abele, A., Gendolla, G. H. E., & Petzold, P. (1998). Positive mood and in-group—out-group differentiation in a minimal group setting. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24, 1343-1357. Aberson, C. L., Healy, M., & Romero, V. (2000). Ingroup bias and self-esteem: A meta-analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 4, 157-173. Abougendia, M., Joyce, A. S., Piper, W. E., & Ogrodniczuk, J. S. (2004). Alliance as a mediator of expectancy effects in short-term group psychotherapy. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 8, 3-12. Abraham, A. (1973a). Group tensions as measured by configurations of different self and transself aspects. Group Process, 5, 71-89. Abraham, A. (1973b). A model for exploring intra and interindividual processes in groups. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 23, 3-22. Abraham, A. (1974-1975). Processes in groups. Bulletin de Psychogie, 28, 746-758. Abraham, A., Geffroy, Y., & Ancelin-Schutzenberger...
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