...served by increasing exports and collecting precious metals in return. It superseded the medieval feudal organization in Western Europe; especially in the Netherlands, France and England. Domestically, this led to some of the first instances of significant government intervention and control over the economy and it was during this period that much of the modern capitalist system was established. Internationally, mercantilism encouraged the many European wars of the period and fueled European imperialism. Historical Background of Mercantilism: Mercantilist held that a nation’s wealth consisted primarily in the amount of gold and silver in its treasury. Accordingly Mercantilist government imposed extensive restriction on their economics to ensure a surplus of exports over imports. That system thinks that if one country had more gold than another, it was necessarily better off. Such ideas were attractive to some government, such as Britain, French. There are some amusing stories of mercantilism in action. During the napoleon wars, the warring governments made few attempts to prevent their foes from importing food and there by starving them. But they did try to make it difficult for their opponent to export goods. In the 18th century it was given currency by Adam Smith in his wealth of nation (1776).By using the term of mercantilism , France, Britain, Denmark, Spain, etc....
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...Introduction The essay describes a situation I faced two year ago. In May 2011, I was leading a telecommunication engineering project in Bangladesh. My team members came from Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and China. The team members joined the project at different stage of the project. Although the status of each team members is mainly decided by his position (title) in the project, but the time of joining the project also has slightly impact on the status of team members. At very beginning, the project had only three members: A, Z and I. Both A and Z are Bengalese, and they all worked as a team leader later in the project. The number of members increased to twenty in a very short time with the kick-off of the project. After that, with the growth of the project, the number of members in the project also increases slowly. Problem When the project came to implementation stage, I applied another team member from Project Management Office in headquarter. The new member, R, is a project manager from Pakistan. He just finished a project in Sri Lanka. My initial plan was arranging R as assistant project manager. But on the next day after he joined my project, when A and I were on the way to our client’s office for a meeting, we were discussing the position for R. A suggest me it’s better to not bring R to the meeting with clients, because the relationship between Bengalese and Pakistani is not so friendly due to some historical and political factors. This really surprised me, I had...
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...Major Area: Marketing Date of Submission: Some of the key CR initiatives: Health: Helping and caring for the community is an essential component of Grameen phone's Corporate Social Responsibility; therefore we endeavor to make a positive contribution to the underprivileged community of Bangladesh by helping in improvement of the health perils in the country as much as possible. Healthcare is still inaccessible for many Bangladeshis. Almost half of the country's population live below the poverty line and cannot even afford basic healthcare. Only 35% of the rural population use adequate sanitation facilities and 72% have access to clean drinking water. Moreover the people of the flood-prone areas suffer from many waterborne diseases. Two of the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) are to; reduce the under-five mortality rate and to improve maternal health by reducing the maternal mortality rate. In Bangladesh, the infant mortality rate is 66 per 1000 and the maternal mortality rate is more than 315 per 1000 during child birth, which is one of the highest in...
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...Bangladesh Liberation War, 1971 By: Alburuj Razzaq Rahman th 9 Grade, Metro High School, Columbus, Ohio The Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971 was for independence from Pakistan. India and Pakistan got independence from the British rule in 1947. Pakistan was formed for the Muslims and India had a majority of Hindus. Pakistan had two parts, East and West, which were separated by about 1,000 miles. East Pakistan was mainly the eastern part of the province of Bengal. The capital of Pakistan was Karachi in West Pakistan and was moved to Islamabad in 1958. However, due to discrimination in economy and ruling powers against them, the East Pakistanis vigorously protested and declared independence on March 26, 1971 under the leadership of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. But during the year prior to that, to suppress the unrest in East Pakistan, the Pakistani government sent troops to East Pakistan and unleashed a massacre. And thus, the war for liberation commenced. The Reasons for war Both East and West Pakistan remained united because of their religion, Islam. West Pakistan had 97% Muslims and East Pakistanis had 85% Muslims. However, there were several significant reasons that caused the East Pakistani people to fight for their independence. West Pakistan had four provinces: Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan, and the North-West Frontier. The fifth province was East Pakistan. Having control over the provinces, the West used up more resources than the East. Between 1948 and 1960, East Pakistan made 70%...
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...The bilateral relations between the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the People's Republic of Bangladesh are influenced by the fact that Bangladesh was a part of Pakistan from 1947 to 1971, when it achieved independence after the Bangladesh Liberation War and the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. As part of historical Shimla Agreement, India sought to make sure that Pakistan would take steps to recognize Bangladesh. Pakistan sought China's help in blocking Bangladesh's entry into United Nations until 1974. Behind the scene India rallied behind Bangladesh to help gain international recognition. By end of March 1973, approximately 99 countries had recognized Bangladesh.[1] Pakistan eventually recognised Bangladesh in 1974. History Liberation war and independence After the partition of British Indian Empire by the United Kingdom in 1947, Bangladesh was integrated in Pakistan which was known as East Bengal until 1955 and thereafter as East-Pakistan following the One Unit program. Bilateral relations between the two wings grew strained over the lack of official recognition for the Bengali language, democracy, regional autonomy, disparity between the two wings, ethnic discrimination, and the central government's weak and inefficient relief efforts after the 1970 Bhola cyclone, which had affected millions in East Pakistan. These grievances led to several political agitations in East Bengal and ultimately a fight for full independence. In March 1971, the Pakistan Armed Forces began...
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...Samson H Chowdhury An Assignment of Entrepreneurship Development Course Code: FIN - 3208 * Submitted To: Suborna Barua Lecturer Department of Finance Jagannath University, Dhaka. * Submitted By: Md. Mazharul Islam Group Representative of Finance Interface Id No: 091541 B.B.A, 3rd Batch (3rd Year, 2nd Semester) Session: 2008-2009 Department of Finance Jagannath University, Dhaka. Date of Submission: 15th January, 2012. Samson H Chowdhury Only business legend of our time in Bangladesh Years active 1952–2012 Square is not just a brand name in Bangladesh. It is an icon in business. But could anyone imagine it would be a leading business conglomerate when four like-minded people in Pabna with Tk 80,000 capital each started a pharmaceutical company 54 years ago, in 1958? And we might have not seen Square Group in today's position unless the idea of manufacturing life-saving drugs had come out from Samson H Chowdhury, the founder chairman who had conceived the idea from a tiny dispensary at Ataikula in Pabna. Family background: Samson H Chowdhury was born on 25 February in 1926 in Faridpur district. He was the eldest child of EH Chowdhury and Latika Chowdhury. His siblings included five brothers and a sister. Eakub's second son Sotten Chowdhury. Youngest son Samar Chowdhury. After the death of their parents, Samson led the family as a guardian. His Residence was Baridhara, Dhaka. Samson left behind wife Anita Chowdhury, three sons...
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...leading commercial bank in Bangladesh. It is the largest bank of the country. Founded | 1972 | Headquarters | Motijheel, Dhaka, Bangladesh | Area served | Bangladesh & Overseas | Key people | Fazle Kabir (Chairman) Mr. Pradip Kumar Dutta (Managing Director & CEO) | Net income | Tk 2.73 billion (US$ 33.7 million) 2010 | Total assets | Tk 649.26 billion (US$ 8.01 billion) {December 2010} | Number of employees | 21,839 | Website | Sonalibank.com.bd | History Sonali Bank was established in 1972 under the Bangladesh Banks (Nationalisation) Order, through the amalgamation and nationalization of the branches of National Bank of Pakistan, Bank of Bhowalpur and Premier Bank branches located in East Pakistan until the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War. When it was established, Sonali Bank had a paid up capital of 30 million taka. In 2001, its authorized and paid up capital were Tk 10 billion and Tk 3.272 billion respectively. Presently, it’s authorized and paid up capital is Tk 10 billion and Tk 9 billion respectively The bank's reserve funds were Tk 60 million in 1979 and Tk 2.050 billion on 30 June 2000. Branches Sonali Bank has a total of 1207 branches. Out of them, 343 are located in urban areas, 862 in rural areas, and 2 are located overseas. It also operates the Sonali Exchange Company Inc. in USA and Sonali Bank (UK) Ltd., United Kingdom, to facilitate foreign exchange remittances. Sonali Bank UK remits up to 14 destinations across Bangladesh directly, these include Dhaka...
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...Mr. Fazle Hasan Abed BRAC Founder and Chairperson Fazle Hasan Abed, Founder & Chairperson, BRAC - Born in Bangladesh in 1936, Abed was educated at Dhaka and Glasgow Universities. The 1971 Liberation War of Bangladesh had a profound effect on Abed, then in his thirties, a professional accountant who was holding a senior Corporate Executive position at Shell Oil. The war dramatically changed the direction of his life: he left his job and went to London to devote himself to Bangladesh's War of Independence. There, Abed helped initiate a campaign called "Help Bangladesh" to organise funds to raise awareness about the war in Bangladesh. The war over, Abed returned to newly independent Bangladesh to find the economy of his country in ruins. Millions of refugees, who had sought shelter in India during the war, started trekking back into the country. Their relief and rehabilitation called for urgent efforts. Abed decided to initiate his own, by setting up BRAC to rehabilitate returning refugees in a remote area in northeastern Bangladesh. This work led him and BRAC to deal with the long-term task of improving living conditions of the rural poor. He directed his policy towards helping the poor develop their capacity to manage and control their own destiny. Thus, BRAC's primary objectives emerged as alleviation of poverty and empowerment of the poor. Under Abed’s leadership, in the span of only three decades, BRAC grew to become the largest development organisation in the world...
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...Mass Upsurge, 1969 started with the student unrest of 1968 against the tyrannical rule of ayub khan, President of Pakistan. The movement soon engulfed the whole of the then East Pakistan peasants, artisans, workers joined the movement almost en masse. Due to continuous exaction of undue demands the labouring class of the industrial belts and low and medium income groups soon turned the movement into a struggle for economic emancipation. The racial repression and the deprivation of the Bengalis within the frame work of Pakistan and, to the contrary, starting from the language movement the feeling of separate identity together with struggle for autonomy had direct influence on the mass upsurge of 1969. Indeed, this mass upsurge was the greatest mass awakening ever since the creation of Pakistan. The student agitation of sixty eight turned into a mass upsurge when Maulana abdul hamid khan bhasani asked his followers to besiege Governors House and formulated and declared his other programmes. As a part of joint programmes the National Awami Party (NAP) of Maulana Bhasani, East Pakistan Workers' Federation of Toaha and East Pakistan Peasants' Association Led by Abdul Huq arranged a public meeting at Paltan Maidan to observe the Repression Resistance Day on 6 December 1968. After the meeting was over, a huge procession 'gheraoed' the Governor's House. The Maulana declared a hartal the next day following the clash between the people and the police. On the call of the main opposition...
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...I------------------------ Mailing Address: Email: 55 Green Road. onyx.midnighter2@ymail.com Kathal Bagan, Dhaka-1205. (4th Floor) Contact Number: Bangladesh. Cell:+88 01682031426 Objective: To establish myself as a professional in a challenging and prospective position in the field of Operational or Managerial sector where I can get the opportunity to prove my knowledge, techniques and skills. I am able to do hard work and very much susceptible toward the positive thinking. Absolutely believe to emphasize to be investing best effort on each stairs of life. Educational Qualification: E.E.E (Electrical And Electronic Engineering) World University of Bangladesh Appeared-10Th Semester H.S.C College: Bir Shreshtha Munshi Abdur Rouf Rifles College Passing Year: 2010 Result: GPA-4.00 S.S.C School: Bir Shreshtha Munshi Abdur Rouf Rifles School Passing Year: 2008 Result: GPA-5.00 Personal Skill: • Fluency in Spoken...
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...private limited company with objectives set out in the Memorandum of Association which, inter alia, provided for establishment and operation of a glass sheet Factory, with a view to associate a larger section of the public with a growing industry. The company was converted into a public limited company on 27th October, 1962. Since its establishment the Company is carrying on business satisfactorily. After Independence of Bangladesh the Government of Bangladesh placed the Company under the control and management of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under the relevant provision of Bangladesh Industrial Enterprises (Nationalization) order, 1972 (P.O.No.27 of 1972). In pursuance of the policy of the Government of The People Republic of Bangladesh 49% of the shares of the Company was offered for public subscription during 1987 after re-valuation of the assets as well as finalization of the net worth of the company. The Financial restructure was made by the Government of the people Republic of Bangladesh under P.O.No.27 of 1972 as amended by the Bangladesh Enterprise (Nationalization) (Amendment) ordinance, 1987 (ordinance No.VII of 1987). The Company owns and operates its Factory at Kalurghat Industrial Area, Chittagong on a plot of land measuring 9.8 acres having capacity of producing 201.00 Lac square feet (sft) of glass sheet, varying in thickness from 2mm to 6mm. The company enjoys all the infrastructural facilities including gas, electricity, water etc. Applications...
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...Subject: Submission of term Paper Dear Sir It is our great pleasure to submit the Term Paper titled “Critically Examine the Changing Structure of Banking in Bangladesh since Liberation to Date (December 2010)” Which has been prepared as an integrated part of my course requirement in EMBA program. Throughout the report I tried to describe how the Changing Structure of Banking in Bangladesh since Liberation occurred and study related matter elaborately. I sincerely hope that you will enjoy this report as we enjoyed while preparing. If you need any further clarification or information in interpreting this analysis, I will be glad to answer your questions. Sincerely Yours Mohammad Monirul Hasan Tipu 17th Batch ID No: 50917025 Department of Banking EMBA Program University of Dhaka Letter of Transmittal March 23, 2011 Dr. A R Khan Professor Department of Banking University of Dhaka Subject: Submission of term Paper Dear Sir It is our great pleasure to submit the Term Paper titled “Critically Examine the Changing Structure of Banking in Bangladesh since Liberation to Date (December 2010)” Which has been prepared as an integrated part of my course requirement in EMBA program. Throughout the report I tried to describe how the Changing Structure of Banking in Bangladesh since Liberation occurred and study related matter elaborately. I sincerely hope that you will enjoy this report as we enjoyed while preparing. If you need any further clarification...
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...Reasons for partition of East Pakistan: There are various reasons that led to the fall of East Wing of Pakistan 1971. We will look at them one by one right from Quaid’s tenure at the emergence of Pakistan till Yahya’s leadership that led to a tragic mass civil disorder and eventual creation of Bangladesh. Quaid’s Leadership and Independence of Pakistan: The friction between two wings started right from independence of Pakistan 1947 with two wings being separated by a thousand miles without a common border and with Indian Territory in between (Story of Pakistan Press n.d.). As soon as the independence was granted, East Pakistan claimed they formed a majority as they constituted of 55percent of the total population as compared to 45 percent population of the West and therefore the federal capital of the country should be Dhaka and not Karachi (Story of Pakistan Press n.d.). This demand of East Pakistan was turned down by Jinnah and Karachi was made the capital. East Pakistanis were unable to fetch the kind of advantages that West Pakistanis could enjoy as they were far away from the federal capital. Moreover, since Karachi was the capital, it was able to attract all wealthy industrialists, businessmen, administrators and professionals of India (Story of Pakistan Press n.d.) and as a consequence, there was great economic disparity between the two wings. There were better opportunities for the West Pakistanis in all areas. Secondly, the West Pakistan was dependent on the...
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...The garments for the label is produced in Thanpara Village of Rajshahi, Bangladesh by Thanapara Swallows Development Society’s handicraft section that runs independently and consists majority of women staffs that were affected by war during the liberation period in 1971 (Bhalo, 2014). The village is located in north western Bangladesh. When the conflicting unanticipated army of opposed party invaded the village during the liberation period hundred innocent men were killed. The peaceful village was transformed into a bloody battleground. With assassination of male counterparts of households; the families lost hope and were shattered. During the aftermath of the war, a handicraft program was introduced in the village by Swedish charity group (Swallows Development Society) for the women who were affected by the war that inspired them with self sustainability. With Bhalo’s partnership with Swallows Development Society since the establishment, it has provided job opportunities to the suffering village women during recent times. (Bhalo, 2014). With the increasing shift in garment industry to use modern machineries in mass production of the materials, people of rural Bangladesh are lately migrating to more industrialized cities like Dhaka where there are infrastructure available and much more job opportunities. This results in population of Dhaka growing exponentially where more than 500,000 people migrate annually from rural areas seeking employment or education opportunities...
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...Introduction Bangladesh as an independent country started its journey with fertile lands. Lands, farmers and crops these were the scenario of Bangladesh economy with very few industries. But now the economy is getting the base to stand on the industrial sector. Although the depiction of performance of the economy of Bangladesh is a mixture of success and failure but every time the process of doing business is changing ,and slowly but surely crossing steps to introduce the nation to the globe. The government and people of Bangladesh are entitled to take some pride in the degree of success they have achieved since independence. A country can’t go ahead with out its enriched economy. From the birth of the country, people of Bangladesh are trying to do so. Fate of Bangladesh put it’s on such a play ground where the strong players are also active with their strong position. In today’s competitive market situation the most uttered word is Brand Brand & Brand. Bangladesh is also part of this competition. They are also competing head to head with world renowned brands. There are so many brands in which Bangladesh have contributions in building those brands through maintaining the quality and global standards. With that experience Bangladesh have also built so many brands for them. The thing which is giving Bangladesh and other nations to add another item in their portfolio of economical activities is “contract manufacturing”. Contract manufacturing is a process that established...
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