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Limited Company

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Submitted By Dari
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The work presented in this paper focuses on several aspects of company organization and financing. Companies may be divided into two categories: limited and unlimited companies. Limited companies are liable for the amount of capital invested in them, therefore they are more popular. The majority of companies begin as private limited companies. As a result of successful growth a company can decide to become a public limited company or a listed company .Publicly quoted companies must fulfil a large number of requirements. The act of issuing shares for the first time is known as floating a company. Depending on the goals, the companies may choose different ways of issuing shares. For example, they can issue new shares and offer them to existing shareholders at less than their market price. This is known as a rights issue. Another way is to issue shares to shareholders instead of paying the dividends. It is called the bonus issue.
A shareholder is one of the company’s owners. He has the right to vote and to receive the dividends. Companies can also finance their activities by issuing bonds. Bond-issuing companies are rated by private rating companies as AAA being the best and C the worst. Most bonds are bearer certificates and consequently can be traded on secondary market. A bond's yield is its coupon expressed as a percentage of its price on the secondary market. The advantage of the bonds is that the bond interest is tax deductable. From another point of view increasing debt increases financial risk of the company.Governments also issue bonds known as gilts. The British and American central banks sell short-term treasury bills to regulate money

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