...One man who was anything but skeptical of Avery’s research was James Watson, a young American student and former child prodigy. Watson was born in 1928 in Chicago, Illinois, and he attended the University of Chicago for college, where he earned a bachelor's degree in 1947. In 1950, he received a PhD in ornithology from the University of Indiana, and, after reading What is Life? By Erwin Schrodinger, decided to pursue genetic research. The problem was, Watson had almost no experience whatsoever in chemistry. In 1950, Watson began his studies with a microbiologist, where he was assigned to write a thesis paper on phages, a simple type of virus. These studies proved difficult due to Watson’s lack of chemical knowledge, and his supervisor realized that more information about phages, proteins, and genes would become apparent if they understood the structure. In attempt to acquire some basic chemical experience, Watson began a short internship at a lab where he nearly caused a catastrophic explosion. Following this unfortunate incident, Watson’s knowledge of chemistry remained unimpressive, as shortly thereafter, the...
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...James Watson is an American scientist. He is famous for many different discoveries and theories that are still in use today. He is a very intelligent person who along with his colleagues, worked hard to achieve his goals no matter what. Without him, there would be less advanced research in the world of science today. James Watson was born on April 6, 1928. This means he is currently eight-seven years old. He was born in Chicago, Illinois (whatisbiotechnology.org/ dnalc.org). James is the oldest child in his family. He is the son of James Watson and Jean Mitchell. His father was a businessman, while his mother was a tailor (nobelprize.org). James decided to pick a different career path in life. He has one sister, whom he is very close...
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...Zinc Chemistry Term Paper Dr. Joyce Sherpa Mt. Hood Community College By Julianne Sorensen Zinc comes from the German word Zinc or spelter. Zinc is a metallic chemical element. The symbol for Zinc is Zn and its atomic number is 30. There are a variety of zinc compounds that are commonly used, zinc carbonate, zinc gluconate (used as a dietary supplement), zinc chloride (used in deodorants), zinc pyrithione (anti-dandruff shampoos), zinc sulfide (in luminescent paints), and zinc methyl or zinc diethyl in the organic laboratory. (Wikipedia) Zinc is of great importance to public health as an essential mineral. Zinc deficiency’s affect about two billion people worldwide and is associated with many diseases. Zinc deficiencies were first recognized in 1961, when diets with low zinc bioavailability due to high phytic acid content were associated with adolescent nutritional dwarfism. Children are affected the most by Zinc deficiencies and it is estimated Zinc deficiencies contribute to about 800,000 deaths per year. It causes growth retardation, delayed sexual maturation, infection susceptibility, and diarrhea. (Wikipedia) The role Zinc plays in growth and development, the immune response, neurological function, and reproduction are very important. Zinc’s function on a cellular level is divided into three sections; catalytic, structural and regulatory. Catalytic Enzymes depend on zinc for their ability to catalyze vital chemical reactions. Zinc plays an important role in...
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...Contributions to the Discovery of DNA |Contributor(s) |Contribution | | |Demonstrated and quantified inheritance of traits between generations. 1857, Austria | |Gregor Mendel | | | |Discovered transformation. 1928, bacteriologist trying to develop a vaccine against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Two | |Frederick Griffith |strains, smooth edge (with polysaccharide capsule) and rough (without). S bacteria killed mice, R did not. Dead S | | |bacteria did not. Heat killed S. with the capsule did not. R bacteria mixed with heat-killed S bacteria killed mice. | |Vaccine |Material produced from weakened or killed microorganisms to stimulate an immune response and thereby protect the body | | |against infection. | |Transformation |A change in phenotype when bacterial; cells take up foreign genetic material. | | ...
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...Design Thinking for Social Innovation By Tim Brown & Jocelyn Wyatt Stanford Social Innovation Review Winter 2010 Copyright 2010 by Leland Stanford Jr. University All Rights Reserved Stanford Social Innovation Review 518 Memorial Way, Stanford, CA 94305-5015 Ph: 650-725-5399. Fax: 650-723-0516 Email: info@ssireview.com, www.ssireview.com In an area outside Hyderabad, India, between the suburbs and the countryside, a young woman—we’ll call her Shanti—fetches water daily from the always-open local borehole that is about 300 feet from her home. She uses a 3-gallon plastic container that she can easily carry on her head. Shanti and her husband rely on the free water for their drinking and washing, and though they’ve heard that it’s not as safe as water from the Naandi Foundation-run community treatment plant, they still use it. Shanti’s family has been drinking the local water for generations, and although it periodically makes her and her family sick, she has no plans to stop using it. Shanti has many reasons not to use the water from the Naandi treatment center, but they’re not the reasons one might think. The center is within easy walking distance of her home—roughly a third of a mile. It is also well known and affordable (roughly 10 rupees, or 20 cents, for 5 gallons). Being able to pay the small fee has even become a status symbol for some villagers. Habit isn’t a factor, either. Shanti is forgoing the safer water because of a series of flaws...
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...Casa Del Nino Science High School Fe. Medalla Street, Pacita Complex II, San Pedro, Laguna Making Black Grape (Vitis vinifera) as an Ink Submitted by: Group 2 Submitted to: Teacher's name February 2014 Acknowledgement The researchers thank their parents and family members, for the unending love and support that they gave to them. The researchers thank their adviser, theacher's name, for teaching them the fundamental of research, investigatory writing and showing a great deal of patience through the times they tend to be naughty and having a lot of mistakes in doing their investigatory project. The researchers thank the panellist, for correcting their mistakes in this project. The researchers thank the observer/respondents, for their integrity and the cooperation. Above all, the researchers thank God for His gift of wisdom, for helping the researchers to understand the study topic and for answering their prayers in their times of need. Chapter I Introduction A. Background of the Study With a unique combination of crunchy texture and sweet, tart flavor, grapes have gained extreme popularity throughout the world. Grape is the second most popular fruit after oranges. It can be eaten as a refreshing snack as well as used in vegetable and fruit salads. It can be consumed in fresh or preserved form. It can be canned in jellies, crushed to prepare juices or wines and dried to prepare raisins. Grapes were introduced to America by the Spanish explorers...
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...Proceedings of the National Conference On Undergraduate Research (NCUR) 2013 University of Wisconsin La Crosse, WI April 11 – 13, 2013 Evaluating The Alternative Uses Test of Creativity Caitlin Dippo College of Design University of Minnesota Twin Cities 100 Church St. SE Minneapolis, MN 55455 Faculty Advisor Barry Kudrowitz Abstract The Alternative Uses Test is a means of evaluating divergent thinking abilities. The test requires subjects to list nonobvious uses for a common object. In our studies, participants were given three minutes to take this test using a paper clip as the object. There are several objectives of this research. Firstly, we are testing the hypothesis that the subjects who list more responses will have more creative responses. Similarly, we hypothesize that as one lists alternative uses, the items suggested first will be less creative/novel than the items towards the end. This data should provide insight into how people make associations while generating ideas. A secondary goal of this research is to develop an automated scoring rubric for this specific Alternative Uses Test to allow for a faster evaluation of creativity. Keywords: Creativity, Alternative Uses, Paperclip 1. Introduction Divergent thinking is a critical part of a creative design process. Design problems typically do not have one correct solution and often there are many solutions for a given problem. It is important to better understand how divergent thinking is evaluated...
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...my success and achievement to my parents and friends. TOPIC: Creativity INTRODUCTION Creativity is a mental process involving the discovery of new ideas or concepts, or new associations of the existing ideas or concepts, fueled by the process of either conscious or unconscious insight. From a scientific point of view, the products of creative thought (sometimes referred to as divergent thought) are usually considered to have both originality and appropriateness. Although intuitively a simple phenomenon, it is in fact quite complex. It has been studied from the perspectives of behavioural psychology, social psychology, psychometrics, cognitive science, artificial intelligence, philosophy, aesthetics, history, economics, design research, business, and management, among others. The studies have covered everyday creativity, exceptional creativity and even artificial creativity. Unlike...
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...Pantothenic Acid, Vitamin B5 for Acne Virtually everyone remembers the frustrating experience of acne with small inflamed dots called pimples or blackheads. For the young woman concerned about self-image, skin complexion is important. One or two strategically placed pimples can be intolerable. For some, acne can progress, leading to scarring and disfigurement, with pitting and nodularity called Acne Vulgaris. While some are spared this chronic ordeal, others endure many years of ineffective treatments by a succession of dermatologists. Although some treatments such as Accutane™ may offer success, there is a price in terms of serious adverse side effects. What Causes Acne? Acne is caused by excess oil called sebum which originates in the sebaceous glands at the root of the hair follicles. This oily build may occlude the duct in the skin causing blockage and infection. "Popping the pimple” is a home remedy which forces the occluding plug to pop out of the pore, providing drainage and temporary relief. Common Causes of Acne Acne is a common adverse side effect of synthetic birth control pills which mimic testosterone. Elevated testosterone levels in males and females are associated with increased oil production in the skin resulting in acne. A common genetic mutation called atypical CAH (congenital adrenal hyperplasia) causes increased testosterone in females resulting in acne. PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) syndrome is associated with increased testosterone...
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...INTRODUCTION Interest in the commercialization of technology and high technology entrepreneurship has increased significantly in the past decade. It is apparent that in many increasingly knowledge-based economies, effective managers will need to be better trained in dealing with technologists and in creating business growth and advantage through commercializing technology. Technical education faces new demands as well. For example, the National Academy of Sciences (COSEPP, 1995) issued a committee statement calling for rethinking graduate education for scientists and engineers to include the skills to promote the commercialization of technologies that they create. As interest in commercialization of technology has increased, so has academic research interest in this area. For example, the Journal of Product Innovation Management recently published a 2 issue special topic volume on technology commercialization and entrepreneurship. Topics included a meta analysis of success factors in new venture creation (Song, Podoynitsyna, van der Bij & Halman, 2008), effects of uncertainty in new ventures (Loch, Solt & Bailey, 2008), evaluation of academic and corporate technology development processes (Golish,...
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...WRIGHT John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Read the Review TWO LIVES-- ONE PERSONALITY? A pair of identical twin girls were surrendered to an adoption agency in New York City in the late 1960s. The twins, who are known in psychological literature as Amy and Beth, might have gone through life in obscurity had they not come to the attention of Dr. Peter Neubauer, a prominent psychiatrist at New York University's Psychoanalytic Institute and a director of the Freud Archives. Neubauer believed at the time that twins posed such a burden to parents, and to themselves in the form of certain developmental hazards, that adopted twins were better off being raised separately, with no knowledge of their twinship. Neubauer also recognized the exceptional research possibilities such a separation offered. Studies of twins reared apart are one of the most powerful tools that scholars have to analyze the relative contributions of heredity and environment to the makeup of individual human natures. Identical twins are rare, however, and twins who have been separated and brought up in different families are particularly unusual. Neubauer was aware of a mere handful of studies examining twins reared apart, and in most cases the twins being studied had been separated for only part of their childhoods and were reunited at some point long before the study began. Here was an opportunity to look at twins from the moment they were separated, and to trace them through childhood, observing at each stage of development...
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...THE DOCTOR WILL SUE YOU NOW by Ben Goldacre The shocking and previously unpublishable new chapter from his book Bad Science. This is an extract from BAD SCIENCE by Ben Goldacre Published by Harper Perennial 2009. You are free to copy it, paste it, bake it, reprint it, read it aloud, as long as you don’t change it – including this bit – so that people know that they can find more ideas for free at www.badscience.net ISBN 978-0-00-728487-0 This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ The Doctor Will Sue You Now This chapter did not appear in the original edition of this book, because for fifteen months leading up to September 2008 the vitamin-pill entrepreneur Matthias Rath was suing me personally, and the Guardian, for libel. This strategy brought only mixed success. For all that nutritionists may fantasise in public that any critic is somehow a pawn of big pharma, in private they would do well to remember that, like many my age who work in the public sector, I don’t own a flat. The Guardian generously paid for the lawyers, and in September 2008 Rath dropped his case, which had cost in excess of £500,000 to defend. Rath has paid £220,000 already, and the rest will hopefully follow. Nobody will ever repay me for the endless meetings, the time off work, or the days spent poring over tables filled...
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..."Einstein" redirects here. For other uses, see Albert Einstein (disambiguation) and Einstein (disambiguation). Albert Einstein | Albert Einstein in 1921 | Born | 14 March 1879 Ulm, Kingdom of Württemberg,German Empire | Died | 18 April 1955 (aged 76) Princeton, New Jersey, United States | Residence | Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Austria, Belgium, United States | Citizenship | * Kingdom of Württemberg (1879–1896) * Stateless (1896–1901) * Switzerland (1901–1955) * Austria–Hungary (1911–1912) * German Empire (1914–1918) * Weimar Republic (1919–1933) * United States (1940–1955) | Fields | Physics | Institutions | * Swiss Patent Office (Bern) * University of Zurich * Charles University in Prague * ETH Zurich * Caltech * Prussian Academy of Sciences * Kaiser Wilhelm Institute * University of Leiden * Institute for Advanced Study | Alma mater | * ETH Zurich * University of Zurich | Thesis | Folgerungen aus den Capillaritatserscheinungen (1901) | Doctoral advisor | Alfred Kleiner | Other academic advisors | Heinrich Friedrich Weber | Notable students | * Abdul Jabbar Abdullah * Ernst G. Straus * Nathan Rosen * Leó Szilárd * Raziuddin Siddiqui[1] | Known for | * General relativity and special relativity * Photoelectric effect * Mass-energy equivalence * Theory of Brownian Motion * Einstein field equations * Bose–Einstein statistics * Bose–Einstein condensate * Bose–Einstein correlations...
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...You have just witness “bro science” in action. It’s wellintended. It can also be deadly. The difference between 5 grams and 5 micrograms, depending on the substance, can indeed be the difference between life and death. Where should one get such information? From qualified sources, of course. Not from your bro. Want to know about proper dosage? Look in the medical literature and find out what dosages have been shown through experimentation to render the desired effects. Want to know about a proper manufacturing method? Then you need to read technical manuals written by actual engineers. As much as possible, I’ve pointed you to more qualified sources of information than myself throughout this guide. I’ve deliberately left out information about dosages in order to force you to use this as a starting point rather than a definitive resource. At the same time, I’m obviously encouraging DIY experimentation. Allow me to clear up the apparent contradiction. See, I intend for this report to be, among other things, a bit of a shot across the bow of the troubled ship that is the nutritional supplement industry. Here’s a field that can do so much good but that exhibits so little true innovation. When anyone can privatelabel the same substandard supplements everyone else is selling and “win with better marketing,” it doesn’t seem there’s much incentive to raise the bar. The best way to shake up such a market is to educate the buyers. When consumers are aware of...
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...Business Quiz DHL Baseline/Tagline/AdLineof Company/Brands WE make importing Smooth Doordarshan Satyam Sivam Sundaram Electrolux India Makes life a little easier Energizer Keep going ESSAR Steel 24 carat steel Fed-Ex The World On Time Ford Mondeo Redefined Aggression Ford Motors Built for the road ahead Godrej locks PEACE OF MIND.GUARANTEED Graviera Suitings THE MAN OF SUBSTANCE Gucci Quality is remembered long after the price is forgotten Haier Inspired living Harley-Davidson If you don't have to answer to anyone, what would you do Harrod's retailer, ENTER A DIFFERENT London WORLD Hero Honda CBZ Motorcycling Unplugged Hero Honda Born in a studio, not in a Passion factory Hindustan Times Let there be light Hitachi Inspire the Next Honda The power of dreams Honda DIO FROM INDIA TO THE WORLD.AND TO YOU HSBC World's local bank Hughes Software Think skywards HYUNDAI Play a bigger game ELANTRA Hyundai's new ad Drive your way Jobsahead.com FILL IN YOUR AMBITION Johnnie Walker Keep Walking whiskey Kingfisher airlines Fly the good times Kodak You press the button and we do the rest Lacoste Because what you are LG EXPAND YOUR LIFE LG AC BREATHE HEALTHY Lufthansa There is no better way to 1 Created By: S.Sriram MBA-HR, TAMILNADU srirams@gmx.com Company Accenture Air Deccan Air India Air Sahara Airtel AKAI Allen Solly Allianz Insurance Apple Computers Bajaj Auto Bajaj Pulsar Bajaj spirit Blue Star BluestarAC Bournvita Brooke Bond BSNL BUSINESS STANDARD BUSINESSWORL Magazine of the...
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