...of education. Many educators cringe when they hear people ask what their philosophy of education is. This paper offers techniques and strategies that educators can implement when writing their personal philosophies. Also included in this paper are my belief statements on my personal philosophy on education. Lastly, my paper discusses the influences that have helped shaped my philosophy on education. “Your personal philosophy is not just a written statement. It is a perspective that involves your beliefs and values and becomes the basis from which you make decisions about what is important and about your role as an educator” (Armstrong, Henson, & Savage, 2009, p. 278). Through experience and research I wholeheartedly believe that developmentally appropriate practice is the best model for early childhood education. Children learn exceptionally well when in an environment that encourages play and exploration. Being a part of a preschool program it is my goal that the environment should provide experiences that are interactive and engaging for the age levels of the children it serves. Play is a powerful tool that benefits children’s intellectual, social, emotional, physical and language development. Writing a teaching philosophy can be a very daunting task, Montell (2003) suggests, “reflecting on what you don't like can give you insights about what you do like," and that can help you to define your own teaching philosophy and goals.” Therefore,...
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...Electronic Media on Reading Culture of School Children TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 Chapter One: Introduction 1.1. Background of the study…………………………………………………………...page 3 1.2. Problem Statement…………………………………………....................................page 3 1.3. Study Objectives.......................................................................................................page 4 1.4 Research Questions………………………………………………………………….page 4 1.5. Scope Study…………………………………………………………………………page 4 2.0 Chapter Two: Literature Review………………………………………………....page 5 3.0 Chapter Three: Research Methodology 3.1.1 Research design…………………………………………………………………page 7 3.1.2 Source of Data…………………………………………………………………..page 7 3.1.3 Target Population……………………………………………………………….page 8 3.1.4 Sample Size……………………………………………………………………..page 8 3.1.5 Sampling Methodology…………………………………………………………page 8 3.1.6 Research Instruments………………………………………………………...…page 8 3.1.7 Ethical Consideration….………………………………………………………..page 8 3.1.8 Data Analysis……… …………………………………………………………page 8 3.1.9 Possible Limitations of the Study……………………………………………….page 9 Bibliography…………………………………………………………………………..page 10 Annex 1: Work Plan…………………………………………………………………..page 13 Annex 2: Research Tools……………………………………………………………...page 15 DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS * Literacy: the possession of those literacy skills needed to successfully perform some reading task imposed by an external agent between the reader and the goal the reader wishes to obtain. * Reading: the ability to read...
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...“No skill is more crucial to the future of a child, or to a democratic and prosperous society, than literacy” (The Literacy Company. 2016). This quote could not be truer than it is in today’s world and with today’s economy being as demanding as it is. Rafael Heller tells the readers of his article, “The Scope of the Adolescent Literacy Crisis,” that a two-year college education is almost necessary for a person to get a decent paying job (2016b). Recently, reading and writing professionally have become part of the job requirements and many young adults graduating from high school fail to have the literacy skills required to fulfill these requirements. As someone who has had difficulty in the past with professional reading and writing, and as...
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...Bringing together creativity and literacy POSTED IN CREATIVE LITERACY We all know that literacy is the ability to read and write but the definition of creative is a little harder to define: it can be the ability to solve problems or being able to use your imagination. Bringing creativity and literacy together can be a powerful tool in teaching, writes Tonya Meers Creativity is characterised by originality and expressiveness, so it can mean making something or it can be something new and innovative. Sir Ken Robinson has said that “Creativity is about working in a highly focused way on ideas and projects, crafting them into their best forms and making critical judgements along the way.” Bringing creativity and literacy together can be a powerful tool in teaching. It allows children to be active in literacy, from acting out plays through characters that they’ve made themselves or through making props. It allows children to explore their imaginations. Getting involved in a story re-enforces the learning and can also teach practical skills, for example, working with templates or basic sewing. Children are naturally creative, if you stop and listen to them they often are natural storytellers. They love to make things up and will very often have imaginary worlds they will refer to. They also love to get involved in making things, giving them a sense of achievement. If they are engaged they will learn more, so it’s about harnessing their ability to soak up information...
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...Practical Guide to ACTION RESEARCH for Literacy Educators Written by Glenda Nugent, Sakil Malik, and Sandra Hollingsworth With support from the International Reading Association, Nokia Corporation, and Pearson Foundation Contributor/Editor: Amy Pallangyo A Practical Guide to Action Research for Literacy Educators Authors: Glenda Nugent, Sakil Malik, and Sandra Hollingsworth Contributor/Editor: Amy Pallangyo Copy Editor: John Micklos, Jr. Design/Layout: Precision Arts Cover Photo Credits (clockwise from top): Linda Ulqini, Sakil Malik, and Jennifer Bowser Published with support from the International Reading Association, Nokia Corporation, and Pearson Foundation Copyright ©2012 by the Global Operations Unit, International Reading Association, 444 N. Capitol St., Suite 640, Washington, DC 2001, USA. All rights reserved. We welcome educators throughout the world to freely use and disseminate, with proper attribution, the materials in this guidebook. This is a work in progress, and we welcome constructive ideas and literacy-related Action Research examples from classrooms around the world for subsequent revisions. All communications should be sent to Sakil Malik, Director of Global Affairs, International Reading Association, at smalik@reading.org or sakil.malik@gmail.com. ISBN: 978-0-9882349-0-1 Dedication To all teachers worldwide working to advance literacy in the classroom. ...
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...This article was downloaded by: [University of Texas El Paso] On: 09 August 2011, At: 13:50 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Bilingual Research Journal Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ubrj20 Language Learning in the American Southwestern Borderlands: Navajo Speakers and Their Transition to Academic English Literacy Gloria Dyc a a University of New Mexico-Gallup Available online: 22 Nov 2010 To cite this article: Gloria Dyc (2002): Language Learning in the American Southwestern Borderlands: Navajo Speakers and Their Transition to Academic English Literacy, Bilingual Research Journal, 26:3, 611-630 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15235882.2002.10162581 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Full terms and conditions of use: http://www.tandfonline.com/page/termsand-conditions This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, re-distribution, re-selling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae and drug doses should be independently...
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...Abstract This action research study was designed to develop the skills required to improve students’ comprehension of narrative text through the use of the Question Answer Relationships (QAR) comprehension strategy. The focus was primarily on assessing students’ improvement in Reading Comprehension after learning a comprehension strategy and also to determine students’ willingness to apply the/a newly learnt strategy for comprehension tasks in a grade five classroom. As a result, the researcher will include the aforementioned strategy for all comprehension lessons that will be taught during the six week period which has been allotted. The researcher will keep track of all events during this period by way of journal entries for the purpose of reflection, record keeping and referral for follow-up lessons. An end of term exam will be designed accordingly and administered to students. Looking at the results of the post-test, even the weakest students showed a remarkable improvement in reading comprehension. Throughout the investigation students seem to be enjoying the activities and fully participating in all tasks. In conclusion the use of Question Answer Relationship comprehension strategy is a reliable asset for improving students’ reading comprehension of narrative text. Schools and teachers specifically should seek to include such a strategy in their reading comprehension lessons to assist students’ understanding of narrative texts. Acknowledgments I would like to...
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...THE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF KENYA FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION STUDIES DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES FACED IN ACCESSING AND UTILIZING INFORMATION RESOUR RESOURCES IN LIBRARIES: A CASE STUDY OF THE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF KENYA LIBRARY. BY KENNEDY LESHAN SANKALE 112P04744 A research project submitted to the school of Information and Communication Studies, Department of Information and Knowledge Management, in partial fulfillment for the requirements of the award of a Diploma of Technology: Library and Information Technology Technology. 2014 DECLARATION STUDENT I hereby declare that this is my original work and has never been presented in any other institution for an award of a diploma Name: Kennedy Leshan Sankale College Number: 112P04744 Sign: ……………………………………………………….. Date: ……………………………………………………….. SUPERVISOR This project has been presented to examination with my approval as the supervisor in The Technical University of Kenya. Name: Mrs. Tabitha Ndiku Sign: ………………………………………………………….. Date: …………………………………………………………. [i] DEDICATION This research project is dedicated to my friends and classmates whom I have been closely worked with them to accomplish this program. I thank them for the special ideas in terms of creativity, innovativeness and life in general that we have been sharing together. It has been a good time being with them and may the almighty...
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...transitions, terminology, and structure. A few days later, I directed my budding writers to the much-improved final draft. This easy but worthwhile activity helped more of my students feel comfortable receiving criticism, and not view it as an affront. As a result, they improved their writing by taking the time and care to consider and respond to reader insight. I want my students to feel secure in the knowledge that nobody is beyond criticism (even their teacher), and that the bigger challenge is developing the good sense to acknowledge and successfully respond to feedback. Along those lines, I also offer the suggestions below about teaching writing: 1. Writers are the Best Writing Teachers To teach effective writing, we must be effective writers ourselves. We can't teach what we don't know, and when it comes to writing, it's important to continue honing our craft. If you haven't engaged in much formal writing since college, you will remain a less effective writing teacher. No matter what subject you teach, try...
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...Heather Carpenter EDUC 4025/5025 – Dr. Jennifer Lucko One of the questions that educators and policy makers have been trying to agree upon for decades is “What is the best way to teach English Language Learners (ELLs)?” This is particularly true today as the numbers of students with limited English proficiency (LEP) are increasing; about 37.4 percent of the state’s public school enrollment. ELLs face a great challenge: They must learn academic curriculum and a new language simultaneously. Some argue that it is too much to expect ELLS to learn academic content and a second language, when they have not gained literacy in their first language. Others contend ELLs students fall too far behind academically in transitional bilingual programs, and they need to learn English quickly enough and fluently enough in order to participate in academic courses in mathematics, reading/language arts, social studies, and science). In the late 1990s, bilingual education came under attack for failing to do an adequate job of developing English proficiency in ELLs in an effective and timely manner. In 1998, California voters passed Proposition 227, making it so that English language learners were to be taught “overwhelmingly in English” and would spend at least one year in Sheltered English Immersion (SEI) learning both English language development (ELD) and content instruction utilizing “specially designed academic instruction in English” (SDAIE). The goal was for Limited English...
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... D., & Cervetti, G. N. (2013). The psychology and pedagogy of reading processes. In W. Reynolds, & G. Miller, (Eds.), Educational Psychology, V.VII, of Handbook of Psychology (2nd Ed) (pp. 507-554). New York: John Wiley & Sons. Chapter 12 The Psychology and Pedagogy of Reading Processes P. David Pearson and Gina Cervetti As we approach the monumental task of living up to the standard imposed by our predecessor, the late Michael Pressley, in writing the reading chapter for this, the seventh volume in the series of Handbooks of Psychology, we are both privileged and humbled by the opportunity of continuing the legacy of providing a comprehensive account of new theoretical and empirical contributions to reading research. Respectful of the cross-age approach that Pressley took in the last volume (account for progress of beginning readers, adolescent and adult readers— and along the way highlight some pedagogical processes that are salient at all levels, such as word recognition, vocabulary, and comprehension), we took a different approach. We decided to focus on reading as a fundamentally cognitive process that can be influenced by contextual forces at many levels, most notably for education, schools, and policy environments. Thus we deal with the fundamental psychological aspects of reading—word level processes (including subword processes such as phonological awareness and decoding, word reading, and vocabulary, with all of its entailments), and text-level...
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...Middle Grades Students’ Reading Interests, Habits, and Achievement Nichole Lynnette Smith A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctorate of Education in the School of Education. Chapel Hill 2009 Approved By: Dr. Barbara Day Dr. Frank Brown Dr. Sandra Hughes-Hassell Dr. Teresa Petty Dr. Xue Lan Rong i © 2009 Nichole Lynnette Smith ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Nichole Lynnette Smith: A Study of Middle Grades Students’ Reading Interests, Habits, and Achievement (Under the direction of Dr. Barbara Day, Advisor) Reading has become an area of concern among the American culture in the past decade. The amount of time the American public spends reading is declining quickly, and its most frequent drop has been among its youngest readers, elementary school students (National Endowment for the Arts, 2004). McKool’s (2007) research has found that there is a “strong relationship between the amount of out-of-school reading a student engages in and his or her success in school” (p. 111). It has also been found that students’ academic levels do not remain the same with no growth, but their academic levels actually drop if they do not read in their free time (Hughes- Hassell & Lutz, 2006). The current literature focuses on younger students, especially those in elementary school. The purpose of this study was to investigate potential differences of what influences middle grades...
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...the people group of the culture, and more aware of the attitudinal and behavioral implications a member of a different culture should expect when working with members of the people group. In exploring the varying cultural elements, one examines the role and perception of women, the role and influence of religion, and the role and perspective of time. The cultural elements have an impact on business that should be considered by a U.S. American seeking to conduct business with members of this people group. Global Business Cultural Analysis: Turkey Primary sources serve to provide a foundation for definitions when pursuing a research project. They are also beneficial for defining terms and establishing reasons behind why one might pursue a particular research topic. When beginning a global business cultural analysis, it is important to understand what is meant by the term culture. Hofstede defines culture as “the collective programming of the mind that distinguishes the members of one group or category of people from another” (Hofstede, 2001, p. 9). The people group focus for this study is the members of the Republic of Turkey. Though the culture in Turkey differs from that of other people groups around the world, this study seeks to compare this culture with the culture of U.S. Americans. Cultural similarities and differences influence several aspects of interplay between members of different cultures, yet this project will focus on the affects these similarities and differences...
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...action research project explores the using of play and creative arts in a kindergarten classroom. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and analyze how play and creative arts activities enhance and support children’s learning in literacy and numeracy lessons. Qualitative methods were used to gain data that reflect on the implementation of play and creative arts strategies and activities in teaching and the interpretation collected from participants. The three types of tools that used to collect data are observations, interviews and a reflective journal to ensure validity of results. After analyzing the data, two interrelated themes emerged. The first theme highlights the benefits of play and creative arts in early childhood. The second theme shows the benefits of using them can support literacy and numeracy development. Consequently play and creative arts seems to promote development in children’s learning processes and they also offer the learners’ confidence in their learning. To conclude, this study shows that play and creative arts may have positive effect in improving the children’s overall performance and attitudes. Play and creative arts are important aspects of children’s learning that are being used in kindergartens. This action research project explores the using of play and creative arts in a kindergarten classroom. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and analyze how play and creative arts activities enhance and support children’s learning in literacy and numeracy...
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...English-E11-12 7/27/07 2:24 PM Page 1 Ministry of Education The Ontario Curriculum Grades 11 and 12 English Printed on recycled paper 07-003 ISBN 978-1-4249-4741-6 (Print) ISBN 978-1-4249-4742-3 (PDF) ISBN 978-1-4249-4743-0 (TXT) © Queen’s Printer for Ontario, 2007 2007 REVISED CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 Secondary Schools for the Twenty-first Century . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Importance of Literacy, Language, and the English Curriculum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Principles Underlying the English Curriculum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Roles and Responsibilities in English Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . THE PROGRAM IN ENGLISH 3 3 4 5 9 Overview of the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Curriculum Expectations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Strands in the English Curriculum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION OF STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT Basic Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . ....
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