...Lead Time Management at Littlefield Labs Background Littlefield Laboratories has opened a new blood testing lab. This laboratory uses the same process as the lab encountered in your prior assignment, Capacity Management at Littlefield Labs—neither the process sequence nor the process time distributions have changed. The lab began operations with a raw materials inventory of 160 kits and $1,000,000 cash. Customer demand continues to be random, but the expected daily demand will not change during the lab’s life span. Expert advisors know that demand will end abruptly on Day 268 and the lab will no longer be necessary. Any remaining machinery or inventory will be useless after Day 268, and thus have no residual value. Management would like to increase revenue and decrease costs. They believe a more responsive laboratory will increase revenue and they understand well-balanced inventory policies ought to minimize costs. Operations Policies at Littlefield In appreciation of your prior recommendations and contributions, Littlefield has once again retained your services on their 50th day of operations. This time, they would like your help with further lead time improvements and optimizing their inventory policy. Management has used process time estimates from your first report to calculate a stable capacity configuration. They have purchased the recommended machinery, but are not entirely pleased with the lead time performance. Management trusts you will be able to effectively...
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...getting second place on the first Littlefield simulation game we knew what we needed to do to win the second simulation game. We were very eager to outperform our competition and we almost did so, but ended up in second place again with a cash balance of $2,660,393. The second Littlefield simulation game focused on lead time and inventory management in an environment with a changing demand (“but the long-run average demand will not change over the product’s 268-day lifetime”). Therefore our strategy to win this game was controlling the Littlefield Lab’s system capacity and the inventory level with choosing a right contract as well as keeping the cash daily as much as possible. In other words, we first needed to find daily average demand and match it to the Littlefield Lab’s system capacity. Second, we controlled the inventory level with finding right QOPT (Optimal Order Quantity) and reorder point according to continuous review system method. Lastly we chose the right contract among our 3 options to maximize the profits according to daily average job lead-time. When first approaching this game we met to strategize, forecast, make a meeting schedule, and divide the work. At our first meeting we analyzed the first given 50 days so that we could get the daily average demand and SD (Standard Deviation). First, 50 days of daily average demand was 15.50 and SD was 4.12. With the daily average demand and SD we could control the Littlefield Lab’s system capacity. Since...
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...LittleField In the LittleField Game 2, our team had to plan how to manage the capacity, scheduling, purchasing, and contract quotations to maximize the cash generated by the lab over its lifetime. We knew that our output was lower than demand right when Game 2 started. 1st stage, we knew there will be bottleneck at station 1 and 3 so additional machines must be purchased. We decided to purchase an additional machine for station 1 because it was $10,000 cheaper, utilization was higher here, and this is where all the orders started. We also reorder point (kits) and reorder quantity (kits), giving us a value of 49 and 150. 2nd stage, we have to reorder quantity (kits) again giving us a value of 70. In two days, we spend a lot of money on kits so we realize we only needed two machines at station 2 and 3. We then reorder point (kits) to a value of 55 and reorder quantity (kits) to 104. We are making money now at station 2 and station 3. However, we realize that we are not making money quick enough so we change our station 2 priority to 4 and use the money we generate to purchase additional machine at station 1. We now have a total of five machines at station 1 to clear the bottlenecks and making money quickly. Stage 2 strategy was successful in generating revenue quickly. 3rd stage, while the focus of the first two stages was making the most money, we will now turn our strategy in keeping our lead against other teams. We bought more reorder point (kits) and sold it for contract...
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...LittleField In the LittleField Game 2, our team had to plan how to manage the capacity, scheduling, purchasing, and contract quotations to maximize the cash generated by the lab over its lifetime. We knew that our output was lower than demand right when Game 2 started. 1st stage, we knew there will be bottleneck at station 1 and 3 so additional machines must be purchased. We decided to purchase an additional machine for station 1 because it was $10,000 cheaper, utilization was higher here, and this is where all the orders started. We also reorder point (kits) and reorder quantity (kits), giving us a value of 49 and 150. 2nd stage, we have to reorder quantity (kits) again giving us a value of 70. In two days, we spend a lot of money on kits so we realize we only needed two machines at station 2 and 3. We then reorder point (kits) to a value of 55 and reorder quantity (kits) to 104. We are making money now at station 2 and station 3. However, we realize that we are not making money quick enough so we change our station 2 priority to 4 and use the money we generate to purchase additional machine at station 1. We now have a total of five machines at station 1 to clear the bottlenecks and making money quickly. Stage 2 strategy was successful in generating revenue quickly. 3rd stage, while the focus of the first two stages was making the most money, we will now turn our strategy in keeping our lead against other teams. We bought more reorder point (kits) and sold it for contract...
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...Processes 1 Outline Multi-product, multi-flow process analysis – So far: 1 product, 1 flow – Differing process times, yield issues, machine breakdown Big Takeaway: – Product-mix becomes critical in multiple flows – Implications in capital investment, scaling business, and risk management Calculating capacity when you have – Multiple flows • With the same processing time at each resource • With different processing times at a single resource – Yield issues – Machine Breakdown 2 Measure: Implied Utilization Implied Utilization captures the mismatch between the capacity requested from a resource by demand and the capacity currently available at the resource Capacity requsted by demand Implied utilization = Available capacity 3 Ex. 1 : Furniture Factory (I) Chair Assembly Line PC SC Paint Shop Inspection Table Assembly Line PT ST Stain Shop Four Products – Painted Chairs (PC), Stained Chairs (SC), Painted Tables (PT), Stained Tables (ST) Suppose Chair Assembly Line : 2 min / chair Table Assembly Line : 6 min / table Paint Shop : 4 min / unit Stain Shop : 3 min / unit Inspection : 1 min / unit Product Demand (units/hr) % of Demand PC 8 26.67% SC 11 36.67% PT 6 20.00% ST – – – – – 5 16.67% What is capacity/implied utilization of each resource? 4 Capacity/Utilization (Furniture I) Chair Assembly • Capacity =(1/2) unit/min*60...
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...What is Cloning? Clones are organisms that are exact genetic copies. Every single bit of their DNA is identical. Clones can happen naturally—identical twins are just one of many examples. Or they can be made in the lab. Below, find out how natural identical twins are similar to and different from clones made through modern cloning technologies. How Is Cloning Done? Many people first heard of cloning when Dolly the Sheep showed up on the scene in 1997. Artificial cloning technologies have been around for much longer than Dolly, though. There are two ways to make an exact genetic copy of an organism in a lab: artificial embryo twinning and somatic cell nuclear transfer. 1. Artificial Embryo Twinning Artificial embryo twinning is a relatively low-tech way to make clones. As the name suggests, this technique mimics the natural process that creates identical twins. In nature, twins form very early in development when the embryo splits in two. Twinning happens in the first days after egg and sperm join, while the embryo is made of just a small number of unspecialized cells. Each half of the embryo continues dividing on its own, ultimately developing into separate, complete individuals. Since they developed from the same fertilized egg, the resulting individuals are genetically identical. Artificial embryo twinning uses the same approach, but it is carried out in a Petri dish instead of inside the mother. A very early embryo is separated into individual cells, which are allowed...
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...2015 Richard Samante Prof. Martinez 2015 Richard Samante Prof. Martinez Juvenile Delinquency in Manila Juvenile Delinquency in Manila CR-21 CR-21 CHAPTER I Introduction A. Background of the study Delinquents is from the legislatic point of view the minors committing criminal act are not called criminals but delinquents. The persons under eighteen who commit violations of law are called delinquents. The penal codes of almost all the civilized nations make special provisions for the treatment of delinquents in law courts. There is a consensus among criminologists that delinquents should be reformed rather than punished. Earlier, it was mentioned that, throughout most of the world, juvenile offending has been recognized for hundreds of years. It would be logical to wonder exactly how juvenile offenders in historical times were handled. For one thing, as indicated earlier, there were, however, juvenile institutions and other procedures for handling juveniles that were created in America during the 19th (Roseheim et al. 2002). Historical accounts of the development of the juvenile justice system throughout the world indicate that before separate institutions and proceedings for juveniles were established in the 19th, juveniles were often treated as if they were small adults. Even children of royal families in England, for example, were exposed to adult situations, such as sexual activity among adults, and were thought to be ready for adult roles in society if they...
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...low-income clients or solidarity lending groups including consumers and the self-employed, who traditionally lack access to banking and related services. More broadly, it is a movement whose object is "a world in which as many poor and near-poor households as possible have permanent access to an appropriate range of high quality financial services, including not just credit but also savings, insurance, and fund transfers."[1] Those who promote microfinance generally believe that such access will help poor people out of poverty. Microfinance is a broad category of services, which includes microcredit. Microcredit is provision of credit services to poor clients. Although microcredit is one of the aspects of microfinance, conflation of the two terms is endemic in public discourse. Critics often attack microcredit while referring to it indiscriminately as either 'microcredit' or 'microfinance'. Due to the broad range of microfinance services, it is difficult to assess impact, and very few studies have tried to assess its full impact.[2] Contents [hide] • 1 Challenges • 2 History • 3 Boundaries and principles • 4 Debates at the boundaries • 5 Financial needs of poor people • 6 Ways in which poor people manage their money • 7 Current scale of microfinance operations • 8 Domestic microfinance o 8.1 History of domestic microfinance in USA o 8.2 History of domestic...
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...http://www.uscc.gov dkrause on GSDDPC29 with K1 VerDate Nov 24 2008 08:23 Nov 10, 2009 Jkt 052771 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 6012 Sfmt 6602 M:\USCC\2009\52771.XXX APPS06 PsN: 52771 M:\USCC\USChina.eps Report Documentation Page Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. 1. REPORT DATE 3. DATES COVERED 2. REPORT TYPE 01 NOV 2009 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 00-00-2009 to 00-00-2009 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 2009 Report to Congress of the U.S-China Economic and Security Review Commission 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND...
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...Cybersecurity and U.S.-China Relations 网络安全与美中关系 Kenneth Lieberthal and Peter W. Singer 李侃如，彼得. W. 辛格 Cybersecurity and U.S.-China Relations 网络安全与美中关系 Kenneth Lieberthal and Peter W. Singer 李侃如，彼得. W. 辛格 February 2012 Authors’ Note F or the last year, the John L. Thornton China Center and the 21st Century Defense Initiative at Brookings have convened a working group on cybersecurity and U.S.-China relations, which the two authors organized and co-chaired. The research was motivated by our sense that: 1) the many policy issues involved in cybersecurity, especially in its impact on foreign relations, were already significant and would grow rapidly in importance in the coming years; 2) that such issues, if not well managed, could provide a major source of international friction, especially in U.S.-China relations; and 3) the newness of the field added a particularly complicating factor, making cybersecurity one of the most important but least understood emerging flashpoints in global security. A key aspect of the effort was to convene several dozen knowledgeable Americans from both the private and public sector, including the civilian government, military, corporate, think tank, and university communities. With such dynamic and fast-changing events playing out, the Brookings project not only sought to study the key issues in cybersecurity and how they impact U.S.-China relations, but also to break down some of the organizational and bureaucratic stovepipes that have limited...
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...Chapter 1 The Dimensions of Psychology Summary: Psychology is an academic and applied discipline that involves the scientific study of mental functions and behaviors. Psychology has the immediate goal of understanding individuals and groups by both establishing general principles and researching specific cases, and by many accounts it ultimately aims to benefit society. In this field, a professional practitioner or researcher is called a psychologist, and can be classified as a social, behavioral, or cognitive scientist. Psychologists attempt to understand the role of mental functions in individual and social behavior, while also exploring the physiological and neurobiological processes that underlie certain cognitive functions and behaviors. Structuralism was the first school of psychology and focused on breaking down mental processes into the most basic components. Researchers tried to understand the basic elements of consciousness using a method known as introspection. Wilhelm Wundt, founder of the first psychology lab, was an advocate of this position and is often considered the founder of structuralism, despite the fact that it was his student, Edward B. Titchener who first coined the term to describe this school of thought. Functionalism formed as a reaction to the structuralism and was heavily influenced by the work of William James and the evolutionary theory of Charles Darwin. Functionalists sought to explain the mental processes in a more systematic and accurate...
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...Table of Contents City of Riverside profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Mission and Values Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Message from the Chief . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Executive Command Staff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Office of the Chief of Police . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Strategic Plan Audit and Compliance Bureau Office of Internal Affairs Public Information Chief's Community Advisory Board Magnolia Station Grand Opening . . . . . . . . . .11 Riverside Police Department Facilities . . . . . .13 Administration Public Safety Communications . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Support Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Personnel Bureau Training Bureau Management Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Finance Payroll Grants Administration Fleet Services Facilities Management Court Services Unit (CSU) Alarm Enforcement Unit (EAU) Records Management Front Counters/Telephone Report Unit Automation and Digital Records Crime Analysis Unit (CAU) Property/Evidence Unit Operations Field Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Neighborhood Policing Centers (NPCs) Management Accountability Program (RPD~MAP) Watch Commanders Problem Oriented Policing (POP) Bike Team El Protector University Neighborhood Enhancement Team (UNET) Crime Statistics Special Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 Community Services Group Citizen Academy Crime Free Multi-Housing Neighborhood Watch Business Watch Youth...
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...Engineering to Architecture Pieter E. Vermaas Delft University of Technology Delft the Netherlands Andrew Light University of Washington Seattle USA Peter Kroes Delft University of Technology Delft the Netherlands Steven A. Moore University of Texas Austin USA ISBN 978-1-4020-6590-3 e-ISBN 978-1-4020-6591-0 Library of Congress Control Number: 2007937486 © 2008 Springer Science + Business Media B.V. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed on acid-free paper. 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springer.com Contents List of Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Design in Engineering and Architecture: Towards an Integrated Philosophical Understanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Peter Kroes, Andrew Light, Steven A. Moore, and Pieter E. Vermaas Part I Engineering Design ix 1 Design, Use, and the Physical and Intentional Aspects of Technical Artifacts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Maarten Franssen Designing is the Construction of Use Plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wybo...
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...INTRODUCERE 1.Coordonatorul cursului este asist.univ.Daniela Niculescu-Zdrenghea, titular la Facultatea de Psihologie a Universităţii Titu Maiorescu, autoare a numeroase traduceri a numeroase studii de specialitate. 2.Tutorii : asist.univ. Mihaela Ştefănică, asist.Daniela Niculescu. CURSUL 1.Introducere □ 111 este un curs de un semestru şi este cotat cu 3 credite. 2.Prescriere □ Cursul constă în prezentarea unor modalităţi de comunicare şi interpretare în limba engleză. 3.Conţinut □ În acest curs vor fi studiate prin intermediul unor fişe – numerotate de-a lungul cursului – modalităţi de comunicare în limba engleză, structuri gramaticale, topică, prin numeroase exemplificări utile studiului individual. 4.Obiectivele cursului □ Cursul de limba engleză pentru învăţământ la distanţă îşi propune să sedimenteze elemente de limba engleză dobândite în formarea preuniversitară a studentului ID, elemente lingvistice şi de interpretare necesare unei deschideri a studentului ID către lumea ştiinţifică internaţională. Pentru o analiză gramaticală şi interpretarea de texte, sunt folosite tematici cu predilecţie din psihologie (inclusiv psihologie socială, psihologia comunicării etc.). De asemenea, prin acest curs se urmăreşte formarea deprinderilor orale şi scrise utile în activitatea socio-profesională, în vederea căpătării unei autonomii valide de informare şi comunicare în limba engleză . □ Cerinţe : 1.demonstrarea unor...
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...CHILD DEVELOPMENT Principles & Perspectives © 2005 Joan Littlefield Cook Greg Cook 0-205-40028-0 Exam Copy ISBN 0-205-31411-2 Bookstore ISBN Visit www.ablongman.com/replocator to contact your local Allyn & Bacon/Longman representative. s a m p l e c h a p t e r The pages of this Sample Chapter may have slight variations in final published form. Allyn & Bacon 75 Arlington St., Suite 300 Boston, MA 02116 www.ablongman.com Cognitive Development Piagetian and Sociocultural Views CHAPTER PREVIEW Piaget’s Constructivist View of Cognitive Development Vygotsky’s Sociocultural View of Cognitive Development • Piaget as a Child Prodigy • Constructivism and Interaction with the Environment Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development • Vygotsky’s Background: The Sociocultural Context for a New Theory • The Role of Speech and Language • Mediation: With a Little Help from Your Friends • The Zone of Proximal Development • Scaffolding: Support during Learning Recent Sociocultural Views of Cognitive Development • Stage 1: Sensorimotor Thought (Birth to 2 Years) • Stage 2: Preoperational Thought (2 to 7 Years) • Stage 3: Concrete Operational Thought (7 to 11 Years) • Stage 4: Formal Operational Thought (Approximately Age 12 and Above) • Evaluation of Piaget’s Theory • Piaget’s Legacy • Situated Cognition • Guided Participation • Thinking as Socially Shared Cognition: Two Heads Are Better than One “Maria wants to pick the best school for her sons, so she...
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