...case offers you. However, the case contains critical information that gives you a reasonable basis to compute its valuation. In addition use the following information for 1995.1 Sales ($ millions) Redhook Pete’s BBC 25.89 59.17 151.31 EPS .75 .25 .40 Book value/share 7.70 4.33 3.00 Price 27.00 24.75 ? Also, use the following information for BBC for 1996. Make additional assumptions as necessary (and state any additional assumptions) to compute free cash flows for subsequent years: 1. The ratio of Net profit before taxes to sales is 12%. 2. Tax rate is 35% 3. For every dollar of increased sales BBC will increase working capital by 15% (or working capital will increase by $0.15 for every dollar of increased sales) 4. Capex is 2% of sales 5. Depreciation is 2% of sales 6. BBC’s beta is 1.2. Use BBC’s cost of equity as its WACC since its debt is a trivial part of its capital structure. 7. Analysts’ growth forecast for BBC and for the craft brewing segment in general is 30% per year over the next five years. Present the following: 1. Overview of the industry – competitive landscape, expected short-term and longterm industry growth, key players in the industry. Summarize the key facts from the case in about one to two paragraphs. Identify the closest peers to BBC. • Also, present as separate analysis of the relative growth of the craft brewing segment. Suppose the craft brewing segment grows at 30% per year for the next five years. What would be the % share (as a % of barrels sold)...
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...VALUATION Outline Page Valuation overview 1 DCF valuation 7 47 Comparable transactions analysis 59 LBO analysis 68 Appendix VALUATI O N Comparable companies analysis 74 VAIDYA NATHAN 1 Overview “Price is what you pay. Value is what you get” VALUATI O N O V E R VI EW Value ! Price Do not confuse Price and Value. They are not the same If the Price paid is less than the Value derived, it’s a good investment VAIDYA NATHAN 2 Overview Why valuation is important? Divestitures Acquisitions How much should we pay to buy the company? How much should we sell our company/division for? Fairness opinions Research Is the price offered for our company/division fair (from a financial point of view)? Should our clients buy, sell or hold positions in a given security? Valuation Public equity offerings Hostile defense For how much should we sell our company/division in the public market? Is our company undervalued/vulnerable to a raider VALUATI O N O V E R VI EW Debt offerings New business presentations Various applications What is the underlying value of the business/assets against which debt is being issued? VAIDYA NATHAN 3 Overview The valuation process Determining a final valuation recommendation is a process of triangulation using insight from each of the relevant valuation methodologies (1) Discounted Cash Flow VALUATI O N ...
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...JBR-06929; No of Pages 8 ARTICLE IN PRESS Journal of Business Research xxx (2009) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Business Research Does management accounting play role in planning process? Fabio Frezatti a,⁎, Andson B. Aguiar a,b,1, Reinaldo Guerreiro a,2, Maria A. Gouvea a,2 a University of Sao Paulo, School of Economics, Business Administration, and Accounting, Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto 908, FEA3, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo City, 05508-900, State of São Paulo, Brazil b Fucape Business School, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 1358, Boa Vista, Vitória-ES, 29075-505, Brazil a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t This study examines the relationship between management accounting and planning profiles in Brazilian companies. The main goal is to understand the consequences of not including a fully structured management accounting scheme in the planning process. The authors conducted a field research among medium and large-sized companies, using a probabilistic sample from a population of 2281 companies. Using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and statistical cluster analysis, the authors grouped the entities' strategic budget planning processes into five profiles, after which the authors applied statistical tests to assess the five clusters. The study concludes that poor or fully implemented strategic and budget-planning processes relate to the management accounting profiles of the Brazilian organizations studied. © 2009 Published by Elsevier...
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...constitutional features and regulatory conformity with the Shariah principle Islamic banks have to exert much more to manage liquidity. The core objective of this very research is to assess the extent of liquidity risk associated with financial institutions especially banks and to evaluate the concurrent liquidity risk management (LRM) along with a comparative analysis between conventional and Islamic banks of Bangladesh. The researcher has tried to investigate the significance of firm's size, net working capital, return on equity, capital adequacy and return on assets on liquidity Risk Management in case of Conventional and Islamic banks of Bangladesh. Secondary data had been the major stimulus of the research covering five year 20062010. For Islamic banks, a model estimation to predict the liquidity risk level was proven to be successful but the module failed to generate the desired result in case of the conventional banks. Moreover, net working capital in case of Conventional banks and size of the business in case of Islamic banks was found to be positive and significant at 5% significance level. < G21 < Liquidity risk < Islamic banking < Conventional banking < Shariah Banking sector is the most dominant sector in the financial intermediation industry. Banks both conventional and Islamic provide the much needed fund to the deficit unit of the economy. Liquidity...
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...Financial Modeling Templates Financial Forecasting (Pro Forma Financial Statements) http://spreadsheetml.com/finance/financialplanningforecasting_proformafinancialstatements.shtml Copyright (c) 2009, ConnectCode All Rights Reserved. ConnectCode accepts no responsibility for any adverse affect that may result from undertaking our training. Microsoft and Microsoft Excel are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. All other product names are trademarks, registered trademarks, or service marks of their respective owners Table of Contents 1. Financial Planning and Forecasting ................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Pro Forma Financial Statements ............................................................................... 1-1 1.2 Financial Statements Modeling .................................................................................. 1-1 Financial Planning and Forecasting Spreadsheet ............................................................. 2-2 2.1 Financial Statements Inputs ....................................................................................... 2-2 2.1.1 Income Statement ......................................................................................... 2-2 2.1.2 Balance Sheet ............................................................................................... 2-3 2.2 Common Size Financial Statements ..................................................................
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...c02AFurtherLookatFinancialStatements.qxd 7/27/10 9:39 AM Page 46 chapter 2 A FURTHER LOOK AT FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ● the navigator ● ● ● ● ✓ Scan Study Objectives Read Feature Story Scan Preview Read Text and Answer Do it! p. 52 p. 53 p. 62 p. 68 Work Using the Decision Toolkit Review Summary of Study Objectives Work Comprehensive Do it! p. 72 Answer Self-Test Questions Complete Assignments Go to WileyPLUS for practice and tutorials Read A Look at IFRS p. 96 study objectives After studying this chapter, you should be able to: 1 Identify the sections of a classified balance sheet. 2 Identify and compute ratios for analyzing a company’s profitability. 3 Explain the relationship between a retained earnings statement and a statement of stockholders’ equity. 4 Identify and compute ratios for analyzing a company’s liquidity and solvency using a balance sheet. 5 Use the statement of cash flows to evaluate solvency. 6 Explain the meaning of generally accepted accounting principles. 7 Discuss financial reporting concepts. ● ● ● ● ● ● ● INSIDE CHAPTER 2… 46 c02AFurtherLookatFinancialStatements.qxd 7/27/10 9:39 AM Page 47 feature story Few people could have predicted how dramatically the Internet would change the investment world. One of the most interesting results is how it has changed the way ordinary people invest their savings. More and more people are striking out on their own, making their own investment decisions. Two early pioneers...
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...Alternative Approaches to Valuation of Private Companies 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Comparables Net Present Value Approach Adjusted Presented Value Approach The ‘Venture Capital’ Method Options Analysis Each approach has advantages and disadvantages. Generally there is no “right” answer to a valuation problem. Valuation is very much an art as much as a science! 1 Evaluation of Comparables How to compute comparables: Start with a sample of securities whose business characteristics are similar to the company being valued. Assume that the company has similar financial ratios to the “comparable” companies. A number of different ratios are typically used: Price/Earnings, Market/Book, Market Value/Sales, EBIT. Then back out the implied value of the company being studied. Comparables Approach relies on two assumptions: Comparable companies have future cash flow expectations and risks similar to the firm being valued Performance measure is actually proportional to value 2 Different ways of Doing Comparables “Comparable Company” – Uses a multiple calculated from the trading values of firms in the same industry as the firm being valued. “Comparable Transaction” – Uses a multiple from companies that were involved in a similar transaction as the firm being valued. “Comparable Industry Transaction” – Uses a multiple from companies from the same industry that were involved in a similar transaction as the firm being valued. 3 Problems with Comparables Approach Generally tough...
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... KEY WORDS Hurst exponent, time series analysis, neural networks, Monte Carlo simulation, forecasting In time series forecasting, the first question we want to answer is whether the time series under study is predictable. If the time series is random, all methods are expected to fail. We want to identify and study those time series having at least some degree of predictability. We know that a time series with a large Hurst exponent has strong trend, thus it’s natural to believe that such time series are more predictable than those having a Hurst exponent close to 0.5. In this paper we use neural networks to test this hypothesis. Neural networks are nonparametric universal function approximators [9] that can learn from data without assumptions. Neural network forecasting models have been widely used in financial time series analysis during the last decade [10],[11],[12]. As universal function approximators, neural networks can be used for surrogate predictability. Under the same conditions, a time series with a smaller forecasting error than another is said to be more predictable. We study the Dow-Jones index daily...
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...W14232 INVESTMENTS: DELINEATING AN EFFICIENT PORTFOLIO Upasana Mitra and M. Kannadhasan wrote this case solely to provide material for class discussion. The authors do not intend to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of a managerial situation. The authors may have disguised certain names and other identifying information to protect confidentiality. This publication may not be transmitted, photocopied, digitized or otherwise reproduced in any form or by any means without the permission of the copyright holder. Reproduction of this material is not covered under authorization by any reproduction rights organization. To order copies or request permission to reproduce materials, contact Ivey Publishing, Ivey Business School, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada, N6G 0N1; (t) 519.661.3208; (e) cases@ivey.ca; www.iveycases.com. Copyright © 2014, Richard Ivey School of Business Foundation Version: 2014-06-20 Hi Rahul! I want your advice in suggesting a portfolio of mutual fund for investment of my retirement fund. Last year, when I retired, I invested the full amount in a balanced fund. As it was a diversified fund, I thought that investment in one balanced fund would allow me to diversify my investment and I would get a decent return. Unfortunately, the fund has given negative return in spite of the fact that the stock index during the period has gone up by 5 per cent. Being a retired person, I cannot take much risk but would like to get...
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...ROOM(S) MIB1: Jan 7, 9, 11, 15, 17, 21, 23, 25, 1:30-4:50, Feb. 1, 9:00-12:20, Feb. 7, 1:30-4:50 COURSE AIMS AND DESCRIPTION OF CONTENT This is an introductory course of finance for MIB students. The course aims to provide students with a conceptual framework and a set of technical tools for making corporate investment decisions. The focus will be maximizing the value of the firm and capital budgeting. Some ethical issues will be highlighted throughout the course. INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES Key (Assessed) Learning Outcomes: On completion of this course, students should understand and be able to do the following: 1. Estimate the cost of capital for corporate investment decisions; 2. Make corporate investment decisions using discounted cash flow method; 3. Manage working capital and corporate long-term growth. Supplemental Learning Outcomes: While not assessed, it is anticipated that students will develop the following: 4. Understand the importance of corporate governance for achieving long-term corporate financial objectives and valuation; 5. Understand some unique features of Chinese capital markets. TEACHING AND LEARNING The course will be a mixture of lectures, case discussions and individual and group practices. Students are expected to do the following. 1. 2. 3. 4. Read the assigned textbook chapters BEFORE the classes. Prepare for cases BEFORE case discussions, and submit case work as required. Do homework. Actively engage in class discussions. METHOD AND WEIGHTING...
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...LOUGHBOROUGH UNIVERSITY ARM Holdings Valuation Report 12BSP058: Financial Statement Analysis & Business Valuation Group: Airan Zhang, Chao Liu, Jun Wang, Tong Qian ARM Holdings Valuation Report ARM Holdings is a semiconductor intellectual property (IP) supplier famous as low power compensation, high performance digital products. It was founded in 1990 in Cambridge UK, now has become an world’s leading semiconductor IP company which employing over 2,300 people and having 28 offices around the world. ARM licenses its technology as IP rather than manufacturing its own CPUs. Due to its own business model, the whole embodies all resources. The authorized capital can support the company cost and the royalties generated can be used as company revenue. Sectorial Analysis In 1990, the EU signed a voluntary agreement with Japanese government that stipulate the lowest price of the Japanese standard memory chip production in the European Common Market. Additionally, the European Commission anti-dumping measures not to accept the South Korean semiconductor supplier in 2007. The reason is that the Korean dumping the chip prices significantly lowers than the EU's acceptable price. The UK as second largest producer in electronics and semiconductors field its chip design technology has attracted worldwide attention. The UK has a free and high competitive market with a mature customer base than any other European countries. A rich source of investment funds and high-tech enterprise group...
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...1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. INDUSTRY ALLOCATION The assets, combined in this portfolio, have been chosen from three different industries – banking, retail and drug manufacturing industry. Each industry has its own characteristics and distinguishes from one another, for the purpose of creating a diversified portfolio. Factors, affecting the banking sector and Barclays Bank (the chosen asset) are related to the current economic crisis, interest rates and the policy led by the government (either encouraging spending or saving). On the other hand the retail industry, represented by Marks and Spencer in this portfolio, is affected by the current economic climate in term of disposable and discretionary income. The final industry, drug manufacturing, which is most dependent on research and development, which incur high input costs and require a lot of testing (meaning the business process is time-consuming), is represented by GlaxoSmithKline. The three industries can be affected by completely different factors in nature. 1.2. PORTFOLIO CONSTRUCTION This portfolio was constructed by stocks, listed only on the London Stock Exchange (LSE), with no interaction with emerging markets. Although international diversification is not present, the unsystematic risk is lower due to the investment in already developed market (LSE), allowing enough liquidity and establishing fair price of the assets. The three companies (Barclays Bank, Marks and Spencer and GlaxoSmithKline) are all blue chips, with...
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...Stakeholders, Shareholders and Wealth Maximization V. Sivarama Krishnan, University of Central Oklahoma ABSTRACT This paper attempts reconciliation between the two somewhat extreme views espoused by the shareholder wealth maximization paradigm and the stakeholder theory. The stakeholder theory challenges the basic premise built into corporate finance theory, teaching and practice. Corporate finance theory, teaching and the typically recommended practice are all built on the premise that the primary goal of a corporation should be shareholder wealth value maximization. Extant theoretical and empirical research in financial economics also generally accept shareholder wealth maximization as the normative and ideal goal on which all business decisions should be based. This paradigm assumes that there are no externalities and all the participants engaged in transactions with the firm are voluntary players competing in free, fair and competitive markets. A very different view is offered by what is loosely called stakeholder theory. The stakeholder theory posits that the focus on shareholders and firm value is misplaced and managers should be concerned with all stakeholders of the firm. The paper attempts to address what is felt as a lack of dialogue between the two camps. INTRODUCTION Corporate finance theory, teaching and the typically recommended practice at least in the US are all built on the premise that the primary goal of a corporation should be the maximization...
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...Chapter 6 Rate The Risk and Term Structure of Interest In the previous section, we have generalized our discussion of the influence of various factors on the behavior in interest rate by examining only a particular type of bonds: namely, the 1-year zero coupon bond. However, there are many types of bonds: bonds with different maturity, bonds issued by different parties (i.e. government vs. corporate), etc. As a result, there is a different interest rate for each type of bond. We will look at the behavior of interest rates of two groups of bonds: (1) Bonds with the same features but are issued by different agency. In other words, we want to look at the risk structure of interest rates. (2) Bonds issued by the same agency but have different term to maturity (i.e. life of the bond). In other words, we want to look at the term structure of interest rates. 1. Risk structure of interest rate As we have discussed in the previous section, the (relative) risk level of an asset affects its demands according to the theory of asset demand. The higher the relative risk level, the lower the demand of that asset. According to the theory of asset demand, this leads to an increase in interest rate. In other words, investors need to be compensated with a higher return (in the form of higher interest rate) in order to induce them to hold the assets. There are a number of factors that affect the risk level of a bond. In this section, we will focus on only 3 of them: default risk, liquidity, and tax...
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...THE INSTITUTE OF FINANCE MANAGEMENT (IFM) THE FACULTY OF ACCOUNTING, BANKING AND FINANCE DEPARTMENT BANKING AND FINANCE BACHELOR OF BANKING AND FINANCE PROJECT REPORT COMPANY NAME: INSTORE PLC NAME: LAWRENCE PETER REG NO: BBF/11/55750 SUPERVISOR: MR. KIWIA SUBMISSION DATE: 2012 TABLE OF CONTENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY iv LIST ABBREVIATIONS v CHAPTER ONE 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE COMPANY 1 1.2 POUNDSTRETCHER 2 1.3 PROFIT WARNINGS 2 CHAPTER TWO 3 2.0 CAPITAL STRUCTURE 3 2.1 CAPITAL STRUCTURE THEORIES 3 2.2 DIVIDEND POLICY 5 2.3 THEORIES OF DIVIDEND POLICY 5 2.4 DIVIDEND POLICY OF THE COMPANY 6 2.5 COMPANY VALUATION 8 3.0 THE COMPANY FINANCIAL RATIOS ANALYSIS 11 CHAPTER FOUR 20 4.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 20 4.1 CONCLUSION 20 4.2 RECOMMENDATION 20 4.3 REFERENCE 21 4.4 APPENDICES 22 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Conducting a project and thereafter writing an academic report is extremely a tough work to be accomplished alone. Thus this work could not have taken the way it is without the assistance from a number of people. I’m therefore duty found to express my sincere gratitude to all those who participated in one way or another to make this study a successful one. First of all, I would like to extend my sincerely to Almighty God that has provided life, health and capacity to perform all my works done especially when preparing this report. In connection...
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