...restructuring and downsizing. It focused on middle level managers and employees in supervisory positions because survivors of this group are often called upon to assume expanded roles, functions and responsibilities in a post restructuring and downsizing environment. This paper also explores the impact of recession for those still in employment by looking at a key indicator of employee wellbeing, work pressure staff reductions and company reorganization both increase work pressure, as does current job insecurity. Other job changes, like large pay cuts, increases in responsibility, autonomy and monitoring also increase work pressure. Keywords: Recession, downsizing, layoffs, economic downturns, organizational behavior, commitment, motivation, loss and grief, leaders, employees, stakeholders. 2 INTRODUCTION The great recession of 2007 started on the month of December. National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), the prestigious private research institute declared it officially. The government of US acknowledged the NBER's declaration, aware of the downfall since August 2007; the White House did not change its course on coping with the financial crisis. This was the third longest since The Great Depression. The Great recession in the US damaged greatly in 2007 since the 1930s. At least 8 million jobs were lost $10 trillion dollars of wealth lost in US Closure of hundreds of banks According to RealityTrac. Inc., the Great Recession caused 2.5 million homes to be foreclosed on...
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...Individual Research Paper: Elisabeth Kubler-Ross Five Stages of Loss Xiaohan Liu Professor John C. Sivie July 11, 2013 Background Information In people’s life, it is usually to be seen that some tragedies happens. This may result in horrible experience because people have to cope with such tragedies for a long time. The tragedies may be health-related, family-related, job-related, accident-related, and so on. For example, if someone in your family is diagnosed with a chronic or terminal disease, it may be regarded as a tragedy in your life. It is not only physical accident, but also mental and emotional anguish. According to Torrey (2012), millions of new victims suffer medical mistakes and errors in healthcare every year. Hundreds of thousands die. More and more people feel debilitated for different reasons, and the medical mistakes result in life-changing, which are also tragedies. The effects of how people cope with tragedies may be a combination of physical, mental and emotional. Here is a question: if you are diagnosed with a terminal disease, or if your life quality is destroyed by a medical accident, how can you get past the anguish and grief? And what are you going to do to cope with the accident? Thus, it is necessary to have general guidelines to help you to understand and get through the grieving process, as well as set the stage to help you begin coping. Introduction The Five Stages of Grief and Loss were conducted by Dr. Elisabeth Kubler-Ross in 1969 in her book...
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...OLS Services As a member of University of Phoenix there are many options and services that are offered. These services can range from requesting waivers, life resources, and finding testing centers. In order to get to the services page within the Universities portal a student needs to login to their account, select the program tab at the top of the page. This is where you will be able to find the services heading as the section option. Within the services tab you will find: (a) Student Workshops (b) GPA Calculator (c) Order Transcripts (d) Commencement (e) Office of Dispute Management (f) University of Phoenix iGrad (g) Letter Center (h) Course Waiver Request (i) University Disability Services (j) SASWeb- Doctoral Dissertation (k) Request FERPA Release (l) Life Resource Center (m) Health Insurance Election Form (1) Credit Assessment Services (i) Prior Learning Assessment Center (a) Who is eligible to submit to Prior Learning Assessment? (b) Options covering eligible students i) Two ways to earn Prior Learning Assessment credits (a) Professional Training Portfolio (b)Experiential Learning Essays ii) How do I begin the submission process (a) Submission walkthrough iii) National Testing Programs (a) College Level Examination Program (CLEP) (b)Defense Activities for Non-Traditional Education Support (DANTES) (c)Excelsior College Examinations iv) Berlitz Language Programs v) College and Corporate...
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...Analysis of a Case Study of Trauma in the Workplace By David M. Noy Sr. University of the Rockies Abstract This paper examines a case study performed on an organization merging two business units into a single entity. The result was the employees from the smaller of the units felt a loss of identity, confidence, and of hope and meaning. The organization realized six months after the merger that there were unresolved issues that had traumatized the employees affected by the merger and how the organization worked with the employee to allow healing and the ability to move on and embrace the new direction of the organization. Introduction Trauma is a real thing within the organizational structure and does affect the emotional well-being and perception of the employee and how the employee views the organization. Organizations engage in restructuring all the time and at times the restructuring comes from the top down and the employee must adapt to the restructuring or fail within the new structure of the organization. This organizational restructuring can cause trauma to the employees who are involved with the restructuring. Case Study In today’s society, we read about cases of workplace violence and visibly see the trauma that the victims experience. Unresolved emotional trauma in many organizations blocks peoples’ capacity and ability to perform (de Klerk, 2007). The de Klerk, 2007 case study looks at how mergers, downsizing, outsourcing, restructuring, and continual...
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...Countering Compassion Fatigue: A Requisite Nursing Agenda Deborah A. Boyle, MSN, RN, AOCNS®, FAAN Abstract Nurses have a longstanding history of witnessing the tragedy experienced by patients and families; however, their own reactions to profound loss and premature death have not been systematically addressed. There is a paucity of research describing interventions to prevent or minimize the ramifications of repeated exposure to traumatic events in the clinical workplace. Compassion fatigue is a contemporary label affixed to the concept of personal vicarious exposure to trauma on a regular basis. Yet this phenomenon of compassion fatigue lacks clarity. In this article, the author begins by describing compassion fatigue and distinguishing compassion fatigue from burnout. Next she discusses risk factors for, and the assessment of compassion fatigue. The need to support nurses who witness tragedy and workplace interventions to confront compassion fatigue are described. Citation: Boyle, D., (Jan 31, 2011) "Countering Compassion Fatigue: A Requisite Nursing Agenda" OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing Vol. 16, No. 1, Manuscript 2. DOI: 10.3912/OJIN.Vol16No01Man02 Key words: Compassion fatigue, nurse stress, work setting improvements, communication skills Nurses care for ill, wounded, traumatized, and vulnerable patients in their charge. This exposes them to considerable pain, trauma, and suffering on a routine basis (Coetzee & Klopper, 2010; Hooper, Craig, Janvrin, Wetzel...
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...The movie, The Babadook, is categorized as a horror movie and normally, one would not think that a horror movie would have a real message to convey, certainly not one good enough to be studied in a film class. The Babadook contains themes of mental illness, abuse, and loss throughout the entire film. These themes are achieved through the usage of color scheme, dialogue, character action, and character train of thought shown through those actions. In the end it all culminates in a brilliant show of the monster, darkness, and the mother standing up to what The Babadook represents, even accepting it for what it is. Mental illness, although not directly said in the movie, is suggested throughout the entire film. Color schemes, dialogue, and...
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...HIPAA Confidentiality Rhonda Hogan HCR/220 Fonzette Mixon April 3, 2011 HIV and AIDS affect millions of people worldwide. Some of these people have HIV, only testing positive, whereas others already are diagnosed with AIDS. Still others who have not yet been diagnosed at all may be suffering inside and have no idea he or she is inflicted with this horrible disease. Confidentiality becomes more sensitive when interacting with HIV or AIDS patients. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) is the law that was enacted “in response to growing concerns about individual’s health information potentially being used inappropriately, causing barriers to health care coverage, and related job mobility impediments” (Biel-Cunningham, 2003). Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is exactly what it states, an immunodeficiency (HIV) turned syndrome that is acquired. In other words, AIDS is caused by and acquired from HIV. The virus enters the body, via blood, semen, or an infected mother during birth, whereby attaches onto T-cells while working to grow inside. After replicating and destroying the T-cell, the virus moves onto other healthy T-cells until they have been taken over. Once enough T-cells are destroyed, the person’s immune system no longer functions. When acquiring a serious infection, the body’s lack of fight for the infection is because of an extreme low T-cell count, and a diagnosis of AIDS will be determined. As far back as the Hippocratic...
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...implementing an ombudsman program product liability on site security--data, people or materials workplace violence outsourcing new overtime regulations accounting: inventory systems pension/ stock option problems corporate contributions to political parties executive compensation prevention of accounting fraud risk analysis agriculture: land use management genetically altered plants control of crown gall in ornamental plants methods of crop estimation/pricing/futures bioterrorism in crops architecture: options in environmental or natural disaster proof structures (floods, fires, earthquakes, etc.) landscape designs for different environments (drought, boggy, etc.) solar heating or cooling designs lighting systems for large structures restoration methods for old and/or historic buildings aviation: wind shear problems and solutions pilot retirement or retention issues training and safety procedures global positioning systems runway incursion solutions aircraft fatigue competing materials for aircraft structures screening/security issues options in aircraft for corporate use small airport management biology/pre-med liability insurance/malpractice reform options in diagnosis or treatment medicare/medicaid issues wellness education physician education and training medical school curriculum updates--patient communication, grief training, etc. biomedical engineering: options in treatment/rehabilitation artificial joints...
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...I will respect the silence my family observes for prayer or grace, listen to their pastors’ jokes, or share in their grief over loss. I stand up for my own values in situations where I feel they are being challenged or devalued and commit to staying true to myself when my morals are called into question. I will respond to disapproval and condemnation, and object to bigotry and prejudice towards different groups of people. I try to communicate with warmth and sincerity and will only address things if I feel harm is being done or the rights of others are being trespassed. With family I’ll act in ways to minimize conflict in the relationship and remain open and...
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...Resource Department of Atain Insurance Company (The Company) is requesting a proposal to its Board of Directors to implement an Employee Assistance Program (EAP). The EAP will be offered as part of our comprehensive benefit package to all of its employees and their qualified dependents. An EAP is a confidential counseling service, paid for by the employer that is designed to help employees and family members who have personal problems as well as work problems that can interfere with their work and family life (Attridge, 2010). Employees and family members will be eligible to receive free counseling for (Attridge, 2010): • Stress • Alcohol and drug problems • Legal and financial problems • Emotional problems • Child/Elder care • Grief and traumatic events The objective of the EAP will be to (Attridge, 2010): • Reduce cost of medical benefits • Reduce turnover • Reduce absenteeism • Increase productivity • Improve efficiency • Reduce lost-time accidents • Increase overall wellness of employees We propose to contract this service out to an outside vendor that will be more qualified to handle the counseling. Benefits, implementation and costs of this program will be thoroughly presented within this proposal. Scope What the company would like to accomplish with implementing an Employee Assistance Program is to protect the health and safety of our workforce; attract and maintain talent; and achieve positive financial performance (Christe, Kirkharlow,...
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...evolves from compassion discomfort, to compassion stress, and finally to compassion fatigue, a state where the compassion energy that is expended by nurses (and others) surpasses their ability to recover from this energy expenditure, resulting in significant negative psychological and physical consequences (ANA,2011) Nurses are particularly vulnerable to compassion fatigue. They often enter the lives of others at very critical junctures and become partners, rather than observers, in patients’ healthcare journeys. Acute care nurses in particular often develop empathic engagement with patients and families. This coupled with their experience of cumulative grief, positions them at the epicenter of an environment often characterized by sadness and loss (Boyle, 2006). Compassion fatigue can cause consequences that impact the workplace and may lead nurses to psychological and physiological signs and symptoms. Multiple exposures to traumatic events during a shift, results in increased sympathetic nervous system...
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...attacked over the situation. Three Ways Managers Can Cope with Negative Emotions Communication is the most crucial component in the layoff process—especially in order to cope with any negative emotions which may arise as a result of the layoff. Three strategies which can be implemented within the communication process include speaking to the employee in a private place, recognizing the employee’s contribution to the company, and prepare yourself (as the manager) for any anxiety or emotions which may arise from either yourself or the employee. According to Berkley (2012), and employee may show any of the following reactions during the meeting: * Shock/silence * Depression * Negative attitude toward work * Increased accidents * Loss of Productivity * Grief In addition, managers or supervisors may find it difficult to perform the layoff and experience any of the following: * Shock * Anger * Frustration * Insecurity * Resistance to Change * Depression Strategies for preparation and recovery include (Par. 5): * Be knowledgeable about the layoff process and available resources * Understand the employee's...
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...environmental factors have on the organisations ability to effectively manage change. Question 1 In many organisations the ability to manage change successfully and transform organisations in an increasingly turbulent world will be a defining factor between those who succeed and those who fail. However, understanding how as individuals or groups such as a workforce transition though any period of change is vital to its successful implementation When exploring human reaction to change Elizabeth Kubler-Ross (Scire 2007) identified five stages people go through to process an event of significant change more commonly known as The Five Stages of Grief. Whilst Kubler-Ross related the grief cycle to experiencing tragedy and loss associated with death or terminal illness her model can be applied to any period of significant trauma such as job loss or in the case of Pacific Brands the significant reduction in its workforce. The Heart of Change, (Kotter and Cohen 2002) concluded that “to understand why some organisations are leaping into the future more successfully than, others, you need to first see the flow of effective large-scale change efforts.” Kotter separated the flow of change in to the Eight Steps for Successful Large-Scale Change model. Throughout each of the eight steps he identified that in order to embrace change...
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...Assignment 3: Dismissal Meeting Imagine that you are an office manager and you have been tasked with the job of coordinating and heading the dismissal meeting for an employee layoff. Write a six to eight (6-8) page paper in which you: 1. Propose three (3) ways that a manager can cope with any negative emotions that may accompany an employee layoff. 2. Describe a step-by-step process of conducting the dismissal meeting. 3. Determine the compensation that the fictitious company may provide to the separated employee. 4. Using Microsoft Word or an equivalent such as OpenOffice, create a chart that depicts the timeline of the disbursement of the compensation. 5. Predict three (3) ways that this layoff may affect the company. 6. Use at least three (3) quality academic resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources. Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements: * Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Dismissal Meeting Within any company, managers must be reminded that the focus of a layoff is not on the actual individual being released, but rather on the position itself. The layoff decision is made based on the needs of the company and the position. If the individual is not fulfilling the position or if the position is no longer necessary, the...
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...Self-Efficacy Self-Efficacy and its Application in the Workplace Abstract The effectiveness of self-efficacy shows how powerful and dynamic the human mind can be. A person’s self-efficacy develops from four sources of life experience: performance accomplishments, vicariously watching others, verbal persuasion, and states of psychological arousal from which others judge that person’s coping abilities (Bandura, 1977). Self-efficacy can be separated into two schools of thought, motivational and cognitive theories. The first attempts to explain the drive behind a person’s belief that they will do well. The latter explains the expectancies of people and their own perception of how much they control a situation. Self-efficacy has been directly linked to performance and motivation, which is why its application in the workplace is critical. Motivational Theories Effectance motivation explains the intrinsic value people have to change their environment (Gecas, 1989). The theory of effectance motivation states that people do things in order to gain some sort of gratification (Gecas, 1989). One study that looked at why people attempt to gain control over their environment found that increasing predictability of non-human subjects as well as incentives for control over their environment drove people to portray attributes of effectance motivation theory (Waytz, 2010). The fact that people need to feel in control of their environment to feel comfortable provides a lot of insight...
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