Lowes and Fothergill references 9/11 to give examples of volunteers’ motivation and behaviors associated with rescuing disaster victims. 9/11 was a vulnerable time for Americans and everyone came together through volunteering in mass numbers to help heal and to help cope with the pain. It is important for an emergency manager to understand the "need to volunteer" because the most noteworthy impact of their volunteer work was how the experience positively affected the volunteers themselves (Lowes & Fothergill, p. 303).

Volunteers are not just motivated by assisting disaster victims but volunteers also get their needs met throughout the process of volunteering. The article pointed out the positive emotional experiences that the participants