...DIRECTIONS IN EVOLVING WI-FI: TECHNOLOGIES, APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES Sumant Ku Mohapatra, Ramya Ranjan Choudhury, Pravanjan Das Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering, Trident Academy of Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India ABSTRACT New research directions will lead to fundamental changes in the design of future WiFi networks. However, with an explosion of wireless mobile applications and services, there are still some challenges on the spectrum crisis and high energy consumption. Wireless system designers have been facing the continuously increasing demand for high data rates and spectrum sharing required by new wireless applications and therefore have started research on future WiFi wireless technologies that are expected to be deployed beyond 2020. In this article we propose WiFi key technologies and there prospective: WiFi CERTIFIEDTM ac and Wi Fi CERTIFIED passpointTM . Also represent super WiFi such as WiGig solution, White Fi, HetNets and Cognitive Fi. Future applications and services facing these potential technologies are also discussed. KEYWORDS WiFi, Super WiFi, HetNets, IEEE standards, Cognitive WiFi,WiGig 1. INTRODUCTION WiFi is surrounding us. What technologies will define future WiFi ? Will key technologies related to WiFi creates road map towards its future or emerging super WiFi technologies extends? This paper focuses on new development alternatives that creates wireless access solutions means future of WiFi. WI-FI KEY TECHNOLOGIES AND PROSPECTIVES...
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...Fis Snowboard World Cup Half-Pipe Dimensions Essay Not looking for an essay on Fis Snowboard World Cup Half-Pipe Dimensions? Find other free essays using the search box above. Use our term papers, book reports, and research paper examples to kickstart your essay writing! Sponsored Essays by TermPapersLab.com World Cup 98 However, it can actually be really dangerous to go to some games, due to the rivalry between teams and fans. As a matter of fact, some soccer games can turn into Math In Snowboarding degrees etc.) the rider is going to land opposite of their default riding stance. Half pipe is another common feature in the terrain park. A halfpipe is usually Disapearing World Languages Although there are roughly 7000 different and distinct languages in the world about half of those languages are on the verge of extinction ( Anderson 3). Language Step Back In Time ;ช่วงขาขึ้น Partner at World Cup 1994 Adidasเป็นผู้ช Home Page » Science And Technology Fis Snowboard World Cup Half-Pipe Dimensions Submitted by closer on February 12, 2011 Category: Science And Technology Words: 1705 | Pages: 7 Views: 432 Report this Essay SNOWBOARD RESORT INFORMATION SHEET HALFPIPE FIS SNOWBOARD WORLD CUP HALF-PIPE DIMENSIONS 1 2 3 4 6 5 1 2 8 7 9 6 3 4 10 5 DESCRIPTION 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Length of half-pipe Slope angle Width (crown to crown)...
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...Internet of Things: Perspectives, Challenges and Opportunities Antonio Marcos Alberti Dhananjay Singh Instituto Nacional de Telecomunicações - Inatel P.O. Box 05 - 37540-000 Santa Rita do Sapucaí, Minas Gerais, Brazil alberti@inatel.br Department of Electronics Engineering Hankuk (Korea) University of Foreign studies Global Campus: Yongin, South Korea dsingh@hufs.ac.kr Abstract – The Internet of things can be defined as to make the “things” belong to the Internet. However, many wonder if the current Internet can support such a challenge. For this and other reasons, hundreds of worldwide initiatives to redesign the Internet are underway. This article discusses the perspectives, challenges and opportunities behind a future Internet that fully supports the “things”, as well as how the “things” can help in the design of a more synergistic future Internet. Keywords–Internet of things, smart things, future Internet, software-defined networking, service-centrism, informationcentrism, ID/Loc splitting, security, privacy, trust. I. INTRODUCTION The Internet of things (IoT) refers to uniquely addressable objects and their virtual representations in an Internet-like structure [18][19][20]. We can say that it is an extension of Internet with uniquely addressable objects becoming a part of existing Internet. The objects forming the IoT will have distinct characteristics about them. They may hold selfidentifying information; they may even transmit the...
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...essay on "Fis Snowboard World Cup Half-Pipe Dimensions" from Anti Essays, your source for free research papers, essays, and term paper examples. SNOWBOARD RESORT INFORMATION SHEET HALFPIPE FIS SNOWBOARD WORLD CUP HALF-PIPE DIMENSIONS 1 2 3 4 6 5 1 2 8 7 9 6 3 4 10 5 DESCRIPTION 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Length of half-pipe Slope angle Width (crown to crown) Width of decks Height (floor to crown) Height of vertical Drop-in ramp length Drop-in ramp width Drop-in ramp height RECOMMENDED (18 FT PIPE) RECOMMENDED (22 FT PIPE) 100 - 150 m 16° - 17° 17.5 - 18 m 6 - 7.5 m 18 ft (5.4 m) 0.2 m 15 m 10 m at least 5.5 m 120 - 165 m 17.5° - 18.5° 19.5 m 6 - 7.5 m 22 ft (6.5 m) 0.2 m 15 m 10 m at least 5.5 m at least 9 m 10 Distance from ramp to pipe at least 9 m 2 IN GROUND BASE DIMENSIONS 4 1 1 3 3 2 2 4 6 6 5 5 7 7 8 8 4 5 6 2 7 8 1 3 9 11 9 11 2 12 10 1 10 1 2 Important Note! Building in-ground walls is optional, and it will save 12 9 10 a considerable amount of snow-making. Be aware that the ground will cause the snow to melt faster, and if the base isn’t deep enough 11 the dirt walls will appear prematurely. DESCRIPTION 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Length of half-pipe Height 100 - 150 m 2 5m 16° - 17° at least 9 m 25° 8° 10 m at least 5.5 m 24 m at least 5 m 14 m at least 45° 1 RECOMMENDED (18 FT PIPE) RECOMMENDED (22 FT PIPE) 120 - 165 m 6m 17.5° - 18.5° at least 9 m 25° 8° 10 m at least 5.5 m 26 m at least...
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...Aida Mahiddin, Noaizan Safie, Elissa Nadia, Suhailan Safei, Engku Fadzli. Faculty of Informatics, University Sultan ZainalAbidin, Gong Badak Campus, Terengganu, Malaysia {aidamahiddin, aizan, elissa, suhailan, fadzlihasan}@unisza.edu.my ABSTRACT Various techniques that employ GPS signals such as A-GPS and GPS transmitters [4, 7] have been introduced with the hope to provide a solution for indoor positioning detection. We proposed the implementation of trilateration technique to determine the position of users in indoor areas based on Wi-Fi signal strengths from access points (AP) within the indoor vicinity. In this paper, percentage of signal strengths obtained from Wi-Fi analyzer in a smartphone were converted into distance between users and each AP. A user’s indoor position could then be determined using a formula proposed based on trilateration technique. KEYWORDS Indoor Position detection, WI-Fi, Trilateration Technique. 1 INTRODUCTION Global Positioning System (GPS) is a technology developed by United States of Defense (DoD) that has been used for military purposed. It is also the main technology that plays an important role in satellite navigation. The main purpose of GPS is to determine the position or coordinate of an object based on location, time and speed [2, 6] which provide Location Based Services (LBS) [5, 6]. Nowadays, the technology has been used widely in outdoor environment such as in navigation and coordinate measurements...
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...IN THE NETHERLANDS AND EUROPE Hong-Vu Dang BMI Paper AN OVERVIEW OF TODAY’S AND TOMORROW’S MCOMMERCE IN THE NETHERLANDS AND EUROPE Hong-Vu Dang BMI Paper Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Faculty of Sciences Business Mathematics and Informatics De Boelelaan 1081a 1081 HV Amsterdam www.few.vu.nl August 2006 PREFACE A part of the masters programme of the study that I am following, Business Mathematics & Informatics (BMI) at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, is writing a BMI paper. In this paper a problem in the field of BMI is assessed using existing literature. The subjects addressed in this paper are the past, present and future developments of the relatively new phenomenon called m-commerce. Developments discussed will be from a technological perspective as well as a business perspective. I would like to express my gratitude to Dr. S. Bhulai of the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam for his guidance while I was writing this paper. Hong-Vu Dang BMI paper: An Overview Of Today’s And Tomorrow’s M-Commerce In The Netherlands And Europe ABSTRACT This paper explains: • What m-commerce is: in a nutshell, it is commerce using a mobile device such as a hand-held device or a smart phone; • What it is used for: currently, m-commerce in Europe mainly consists of messaging, such as SMS, and mobile entertainment (think of ringtones, wallpapers, and mobile games); • What technology is involved with m-commerce: this paper describes the history and future of mobile networks...
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...IS a term that has a significant histoncal and contemporary assoaahon with nursmg Since the tune of Nightingale, it is ated as designating a desirable outcome of nursmg care Comfort is found m nursmg science, for example in diagnoshc taxonomies, and in references to the art of nursmg, as when practice is descnbed Roy, Orlando, Watson, Paterson and others use comfort m major nursing theones The term can sigrufy both physical and mental phenomena and it can be used as a verb and a noun However, because comfort has many different meanings, the reader has had the burden of deciding if the term is meant in one of its ordinary language senses or if its context reveals some speaal nursmg sense The purpose of this paper is to analyse the semantics and extension of the term 'comfort' m order to clanfy its use m nursmg practice, theory and research The semantic analysis begins with ordmary language because the conunon meanmgs of the term are the pnmary ones used m nursmg practice and are the ongm of technical nursmg usages Comfort is discussed as the term is found m nursmg, mdudmg texts, standards of care, diagnoses and theory An account of patient needs assessment is used to cull three technical senses of the term from its ordmary language meanmgs After contrastmg these senses m order to justify their separateness, they are shown to reflect differmg aspects of therapeutic contexts Defirung attnbutes of...
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...End of the twentieth century and the beginning of twenty-first century has marked a great advancing period in technological world, especially Internet. Internet has allowed users around the world to communicate with each other very quick and fast. And with the development of Wi-Fi, these communication methods have been even more available. But Wi-Fi also brings its disadvantages with it since potential hackers can access the network faster than wired networks. In this research paper, our team has put forward a goal to observe and find information about the communications ways through the internet and how to improve the security of a wireless network. During our research our team members carefully researched and practiced all those communication methods. Our goal was to evaluate the best ways of communication. Our team members have also learned the threats that could affect Wi-Fi. Our next goal was to prevent all of those threats, to find security measures and evaluate which security measure would work the best. In order to experiment the Wi-Fi and its security we have taken a hotel in Djizak City, Afrosiyob Hotel, which has been opened in July, 2012 and does not have Wi-Fi system. We will implement a Wi-Fi network and we will suggest security measures for the network and propose our plan to the owner, Mr. Jahon Isakov. Introduction Since the invention of Internet, it has had numerous uses, from data analysis to communication, from...
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...VIGNESH A M C-08, Madras Cements Colony vicky_justin90@yahoo.com Ramaswamy Raja Nagar,Virudhunagar Dist, +91 9884893035 Pin:626204, Tamilnadu. |Career Objective | My objective is to learn more and simultaneously apply the learnt skills. To render good service with my good abilities to the best growth of the institution to which I serve and for the welfare of the society. |Education | M.TECH (Mechatronics) Institution: VIT University CGPA: 8.25 (upto 2nd semester) B.E. (Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering) Institution: St.Joseph’s College Of Engineering,Chennai Year of completion: 2011 Aggregate: 69.2% Higher Secondary School 12th standard Institution: Maharishi Vidya Mandir Higher Sec School Year of completion: 2007 Aggregate: 80.8% State Board Institution: D A V Public School Year of completion: 2005 Aggregate: 67.2% ...
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...Classical Probabilistic Models and Conditional Random Fields Roman Klinger Katrin Tomanek Algorithm Engineering Report TR07-2-013 December 2007 ISSN 1864-4503 Faculty of Computer Science Algorithm Engineering (Ls11) 44221 Dortmund / Germany http://ls11-www.cs.uni-dortmund.de/ Classical Probabilistic Models and Conditional Random Fields Roman Klinger∗ Katrin Tomanek∗ Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI) Schloss Birlinghoven 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany Jena University Language & Information Engineering (JULIE) Lab F¨rstengraben 30 u 07743 Jena, Germany Dortmund University of Technology Department of Computer Science Chair of Algorithm Engineering (Ls XI) 44221 Dortmund, Germany katrin.tomanek@uni-jena.de roman.klinger@scai.fhg.de roman.klinger@udo.edu Contents 1 Introduction 2 2 Probabilistic Models 2.1 Na¨ Bayes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ıve 2.2 Hidden Markov Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 Maximum Entropy Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4 5 6 3 Graphical Representation 10 3.1 Directed Graphical Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3.2 Undirected Graphical Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 4 Conditional Random Fields 4.1 Basic Principles . . . . . . . . 4.2 Linear-chain CRFs . . . . . . 4.2.1 Training . . . ...
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...A COMPUTER IMPLEMENTATION OF ESTIMATED VARIANCES IN MULTI-STAGE CLUSTER SAMPLING SCHEMES L. A. Nafiu, L. Idris, A. F. Busari and A. B. Olaniyan Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State (lanconserv@yahoo.com) ABSTRACT The computation of sample variances arising from multi-stage cluster sampling schemes or designs are complex and time-consuming. This paper presents a computer software written with Java programing language for implementing some of the available formulars for estimated variances in multi-stage techniques. The software has the advantages of accessibility, cheapness, and ease of use in computing estimated variances in both one-stage, two-stage and three-stage sampling schemes. A data set for estimating number of diabetic patients in Niger state for 2005 was used for illustration. We recommend that computation involving these estimated variances be done with the aid of this software. Keywords: Software, Computation, Multi-stage, Estimated Variances, Time, Data and Diabetic Patients. Introduction Multistage sampling is where the researcher divides the population into clusters, samples the clusters, and then resample, repeating the process until the ultimate sampling units are selected at the last of the hierarchical levels (Okafor, 2002). For instance, at the top level, states may be sampled (with sampling proportionate to state population size); then cities may be sampled; then schools; then classes; and...
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...INVESTIGATION RESULTS Maria Stathopoulou and Doriana Nikaki National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Abstract: This paper reports on results of one aspect of a larger research project carried out at the Research Centre in English Language Teaching, Testing and Assessment (RCEL), University of Athens. The overall aim of the project is to investigate the test-taking strategies used by Greek users of English when performing the activities of the Greek State Language Exams, known as Kratiko Pistopiitiko Glossomathias (KPG) and whether these can be successfully taught. The aim of this paper is twofold. It firstly aims at discussing findings regarding the testtaking strategies candidates claim to use when responding to the KPG reading tasks and, secondly, at presenting the research instrument used for such an investigation. The research instrument, which is a closedresponse questionnaire, has been designed at the RCEL and administered to candidates who sat for the KPG examination at the November 2008 administration. The findings, which actually demystify the way candidates deal with the reading activities, may prove useful not only for teachers who prepare students for the KPG exam and for the actual candidates but also for syllabus and materials designers. 1. Background to the study One of the projects presently being carried out at the Research Centre in English Language Teaching, Testing and Assessment (RCEL)1, University of JAL 25 (2009) 129 130 Maria Stathopoulou...
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...1. Introduction In the developed countries Enron Xerox, WorldCom etc. had been caught of getting involved in accounting scandals since 2001, which leads to the credibility of corporate financial reports under suspicion, furthermore, shocking investors’ confidence. Consequently, corporate governance mechanism has been a crucial issue discussed again. Sarbanes-Oxley Act was enacted in 2002 to enhance corporate government mechanism which is viewed as the priority of financial revolution, in the expectation that governance mechanism may be reinforced, public confidence retrieved, accuracy and reliability of financial information assured. In Bangladesh a massive stock market meltdown hit the market in the middle of 2010. The DGEN Index was cut by two third and a lot of investor lost all of their money. Then very recently major financial institutions like Sonali Bank, Basic Bank etc. were caught in financial scam which again shook the confidence of the market to such industries. These events renewed and reinforced people’s interest in study of corporate governance and how it could have prevented such mishaps. Corporate governance describes the structure of rights and responsibilities among the parties that have a stake in a firm. System of corporate governance could be defined as a set of processes and structures used to direct a corporation's business. Once implemented, an effective corporate governance system can help to ensure an appropriate division of power among shareholders...
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...Industry Analysis: Li-Fi T able of Contents Table of Figures ............................................................................................................................ 2 Table of Tables ............................................................................................................................. 2 Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction................................................................................................................................. 4 Li -Fi Technology Assumption ..................................................................................................... 4 Report Scope ............................................................................................................................ 4 Report Structure ....................................................................................................................... 4 Chapter 1 UK Broadband Industry.................................................................................................. 6 Current Technologies ................................................................................................................ 6 Current Market & Key Competitors ............................................................................................ 7 Future Market ...................................................
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...over the past decade, communication has also evolved from handwritten letters to emails and text messaging. Whereas before, correspondence could have taken days or weeks, we can now transmit data from sender to receiver in seconds, shortening response times. As a result of these advancements, we have seen changes in the communication modalities available to the healthcare consumer as well as their providers. The intention of this paper is to point out benefits of e-mails and text messages in healthcare, how this communication modality differs from others, its benefits and how e-mail can be used to market different health care products. There are billions of people in the world today who have access to the internet. Not so long ago, we were limited to accessing the internet from a stationary position at a desktop. With innovations in electronic communication devices and the development of Wi-Fi, those restraints are no longer visible and we are no longer limited to sitting in front of a PC. Because of Wi-Fi, we now have mobile accessibility. Wi-Fi gives the consumer the ability to access the internet and transmit e-mails and text messages from any location wirelessly from a laptop or a smartphone. Although, it has not fully replaced communicating in person, by mail or by telephone, sending e-mails and texting has become the norm for most consumers. In view of the fact that the internet houses a vast range of informational resources, healthcare colleagues can use...
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