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According to Kiragu (1998) the civil service is the machinery that governments rely on to design, formulate and implement its policies, strategies and programmes, and to discharge all routine government functions. Good Government is usually synonymous with an efficient and effective civil service. Such a service promotes, through the political leadership, an enabling environment for the social, political and economic development of the country. Therefore, the prevailing weaknesses in the institutions and economies of the African countries, as is the case for other developing countries, are to a significant extent a reflection of the weaknesses in their civil service institutions.
Therefore civil service refers to branch of government in which all officials are employed (hired) on the basis of professional merits as proven by competitive examinations or the body of employee in any government agency other than security forces especially military and police forces.
Twenty years ago writing a book on Civil Service was a comparatively easy task. The service had remained largely unchanged for almost a century, acquiring new tasks and departments a rearrangement here and there but in the main historians of civil service could stand on the shoulders of their predecessors. Originality in analyzing the civil service a generation ago comes through applying a different theory to explain the largely immobile object. All that has changed, during the late 1980s and early 1990s the civil Service was rapidly and radically transformed. It edifice has been altered from a straightforward hierarchical line structure to a complex form with a core of policy-making civil servants in Whitehall surrounded by a periphery of policy executive agencies. Even at the time of writing the status of these agencies is under review and some are likely to move from the public to the private Sector. Even the role of the core Whitehall policy-maker is in question with some suggesting that private and politicized policy advice may be advantageous to the current career structure. Today writing a book about the civil service is to describe a moving target explaining how it works and why it is changing is even harder. This is the task of this book.
Civil Service in Tanzania started in a time adopted the doctrine of Ujamaa, the civil services were to maintain and kept under the formal arrangement of the party the aim was to maintain the so called development. The power of civil was under the president and at the time has seemed to be the chairman of the party. Therefore he had the way excessive power. Agencies or department remained powerless in case of recruitment, employment, demotion for the powers were taken by the president. This opened the room for the corruption favoritism patronage, lack of integrity. This civil Servants lacked confidence in the 1967 Arusha declaration was passed on which the supremacy of the party gained moment and hence civil service were centered under the element of Arusha declaration where by code of conduct and ethics for civil service was established. The following are the characteristics of civil Services by Max Weber:
To have integrity, to frame work commitments faith to public and organization.
Political impartiality, due to this means that a Civil Servants must be free from politic do not engage in politics activities at work place or allow their political view to influence the performance of their duties.
Ability to work for successful government and public Services, the public servants they must perform work for the betterment of public and government in order for this civil service and civil servant to be effective and efficiency they should adhere to good governess, responsible, accountable t show equality.
The following are the significance of Civil Service in Tanzania;
Civil Service serves the civil society so that ordinary men and women can enjoy the benefit of living in an organized environment. The services provided by the civil service are largely public good defense and security, law and order, education, health, physical, telecommunications, clean water; good infrastructure by so doing people can enjoy the life and improvement of life standard of people.
To design policy of the country, normally civil Servants are governmental workers with their professional and high degree which made them to draft and prepare the policies that may guide an organization. After designing that policy before being passed so as to be used in an organization it must be taken in to consideration by the politicians who can discuss it and after reaching on end discussed and proved by the Members of Parliament. Politician takes it back to Civil Servant and civil servant may implement that policies.
Implementation of policies, After the policies has been formulated and discussed they are t be taken back to the civil servant so that civil servant may fulfill the policies as the policies formulated and guided for example Legislative branch of our country have the duty to make different policies to guide the state of Tanzania and the person whose has to ensure that policies are respected and followed and one who against the policies implemented legal process should be taken upon him or her. Example of this policies implemented by civil servants are like KILIMO KWANZA which stimulate Agriculture production also there is BIG RESULT NOW (BRN) that aims to improve education in our country.
Resources Mobilization, Because civil servants are professional they must know how to mobilize resources effectively mean a full utilization of resources due to their professional civil servants can manage to reduce wastage of resources since the resource will be transferred to the place where there is no resources and the place where there is no resources and the place where there is enough resources civil servants must make sure that resources are utilized well without wastage hence civil service help in effective mobilization of resources.
Coordination of different sector activities since Tanzania there are many sector activities performed by civil servants and each civil depend on performance of one another in order to bring development to those different sector activities, due to this sector coordination of different activities creates relationship within different sector where training and education sector may coordinate with Agriculture, mining, health through provision of trainings to the civil servants who can organize activities in an institution so as to bring development in Tanzania.
Assigned and Control of financial resources. Civil Services help in this since civil servants like bank tellers, police or security services which insure the security in banks or financial institutions, loan officers, these people insure the effective utilization of financial resource which helps to reduce economic problems like inflation and deflation. For instance central bank civil servant there must make sure that the expenditure is equal to revenue collected to avoid economic problems and to stimulate development in different sectors or aspects both social economic and political aspects.

Formulation of strategies and programs, civil servants are the one who design different ways to develop and insure different organizational processes are followed in an organization. Also civil servants are one who organizes different programmer’s social, political and economic programmers such as training programmed and project planning management programmed in order to increase economic development in the country, peace and security maintenance programmed so as to maintain love and harmony to the state members. Civil servants performed by civil servants will facilitate the preparation and formulations of different processes or strategies or ways to achieve different programmed.
Management of Public Services, Civil servants are professional and qualified enough according to their working posts, with their qualifications and professionalism they may have enough ability to handle supervision, organize and govern different public service as water services, education for the public. In management of public services public servants should be Loyal, respectively and kind to one who are the subordinated also the subordinates should be integrity respectful to working hours, hard working of the successful in the office, an institution with good personnel management and administration encourage development within it simply because good management reduce biasness and collision among civil servants. Civil services help to prepare drafting of different legislations. Civil servants help to prepare and drafting different legislations in which help the country to follow them like Laws and regulations of the country where by each individual should follow them and live according to them. This will help the equality among the people since each individual is under the law and no one above the law. So every individual must respect and follow the rules and regulations in the country even those civil servants must show example to common citizens by respecting the legislations they prepared so civil services help to increase discipline in a country among all people.

Control the implementation of legislations, here the civil services help in implementation and control of legislations formulated or prepared by ensuring each individual respect the rules and regulation formulated in the country, sine civil servants like police ensure the punishment to the law breakers by fail them or other corporal punishment which can help those law breakers. Likewise, prostitutes to stop doing those social evils which help the increase of peace and security in the society and country as whole also reduce the number of people who want to be engaged in those social evil due to fearing of punishment or to be sent to the jail since jail destruct the ambitions of person because it is impossible to fulfill personal ambitions when someone locked in jail so these civil service are very important to ensure emergence or result of good people with bright future.
Public service delivery with equality, Public services should be delivered to both women and men, elders and children, fair and equality without considering of tribal, races gender and status social services and public services as education, health centers, water supply and means of transport and communication to the whole public. (Ntukamanzima, 1998) This will help to bring equality among the people in the society since no one will get those public services greater share than the other. Since civil services will help to bring equality among the people no one will feel inferior or superior than other, hence civil services will help to bring peace in the society due to cooperation in using public services without segregation since segregation and discrimination can destruct peace in the society so equality in public services are very important to preserve or ensure the peace in the society among the people.
Conclusion, Due to the points discussed, it shows that civil servants are very important in our society or country as whole due to their unlimited benefits in our daily life but there are some civil service are not provided well due to some civil servants who are not committed or to another way we can say that civil servants with no commitment who prefers corruption than working for the people, or laziness among the civil servants or favoritism among civil servants. This lead to inefficiency in provision of civil services or problems in civil services development, so when a country need to improve civil services among its members it should make sure that there is commitment among civil servant which can easily simplify the work and provision of goods and efficiency also enough civil services, also cooperation among the people and civil servants. Therefore development in civil services is upon the civil servants and the civil society within a country.

REFERENCES
A.L. Adu, (1993). The civil Service in commonwealth Africa,
Graham T and Richard H (1999). Tanzania civil service reform programme
Kiragu K 1998, civil service Reform in southern and Eastern Africa. Nairobi Kenya
Ntukamazima (1998). Civil Service reform in Tanzania

THE UNIVERSITY OF DODOMA

COLLEGE OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCES AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
COURSE NAME: CIVIL SERVICE IN TANZANIA
CODE NUMBER: PA 123
INSTRUCTOR NAME: MR, MMASSY THADEUS
DEGREE PROGRAME: BACHELOR OF ARTS IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
NATURE OF WORK: GROUP ASSIGNMENT
PARTICIPANTS:
NO. | NAME | REG. NUMBER | SIGNATURE | 1 | MWISHEHE MOHAMED | T/UDOM/2013/00933 | | 2 | ALFRED PETER | T/UDOM/2013/01022 | | 3 | ABEL BENSON | T/UDOM/2013/01011 | | 4 | MWAISEMBA KELVIN | T/UDOM/2013/01031 | | 5 | BUHORO, DAVID M | T/UDOM/2013/01015 | | 6 | MATEA RAMADHAN S | T/UDOM/2013/00966 | | 7 | IDDI ATUN KASSIM | T/UDOM/2013/00996 | | 8 | MAHUNDI ROSE | T/UDOM/2013/00985 | | 9 | ELIAS EVA | T/UDOM/2013/01025 | | 10 | TETY SIA RICHARD | T/UDOM/2013/01030 | |