P7/P8

Magnetic Field Characteristics report.

Magnetic Flux and Flux Density- The magnetic flux of a material is the amount of magnetic field or magnetic flux density passing through a surface. You can calculate this by finding the average magnetic field times the perpendicular area. Magnetic flux is given the symbol Φ and is measured in units called Webers (Wb). For a closed surface, the sum of magnetic flux is always equal to zero. The magnetic flux density can also be known as the density of magnetic lines of force that pass through specific area. The flux density is measured in the units of ‘tesla’. 1 T is equal to 1 Wbm -2 . After analysing the B/H graph below you can see that the more magnetic field strength the greater flux density, if we look at the steel, when it reaches a flux density value of 1.5 then it reaches its magnetic saturation this is when it can’t increase the magnetization of the material further, this means that the flux density will more then likely level off. The flux density increases highly as the field strength increases than when it reaches the magnetic saturation point then it won't increase much more. The magnetic saturation point puts a limit on the maximum effective strength to drive your coil. There will be no benefit at all if you exceed this, only wasted heat. Excess heat on the coil can also cause it to fail. The material permeability maximum point is when the graph starts to curve and go away from the straight positive correlation line. For steel the top permeability is at 1.2 (T). The formula of permeability is µ = B/H

Galvanometer- A galvanometer is a type of ammeter however it is more sensitive. It is an instrument used to detect electrical current. It has an analog electro mechanical actuator which produces a rotary deflection of some types of pointer in response to electric current through its coil in a magnetic