...Mahatma Gandhi – Father of the Nation Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on October 2nd 1869 into a middle class Indian family. Unlike any of the other leaders we have examined throughout this course, Gandhi did not possess any leadership qualities as a child. In fact, he was a very mediocre student in school and admitted to not being “good at anything”. In contrast to Nelson Mandela, there was nothing distinguishing Gandhi from any of his peers. As a boy, Gandhi was shy, introverted, and always kept to himself. He was not a born leader nor did he possess any leadership qualities. Another example of how Gandhi was not a born leader was during his studies and upon his return to India. At the age of 18, Gandhi moved to England to study law. After three painstaking years of rigorous study, he managed to pass the bar exam; however, upon his return to India, Gandhi quickly discovered that he could not practice law in India because he could not be objective, he was not capable enough, and he did not know enough about Indian law. This proves that Gandhi was not a genius, nor was he exceptional during his early years. Gandhi is indeed a true example of how leadership is not innate, but learned. The fundamental turning point in Gandhi’s life was upon his return from England after obtaining his law degree. Gandhi accepted a job in South Africa where he realized his higher calling. He experienced direct discrimination because of his ethnicity. Although he was dressed like a high class...
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...MAHATMA GANDHI The period from 1920 to 1947 had been described as the Gandhian Era which is golden era in Indian Politics even today. During the period, Gandhi spoke the final word on behalf of the Indian National Congress in negotiating with the British Government for constitutional reforms, and for chalking out a program for the national movement. Mahatma Gandhi was, and still is, an inspirational leader who impacts the world and as well as a political and spiritual leader of India. Also still the great leader in India since past to present. He fought for India's rights, and for freedom from British and finally led India into independence. Gandhi is very important leader, because he fought for something he believed in without using any sort of violent behavior. So he was known as a peacemaker hero. Also Mahatma Gandhi is universally accepted leader and an exemplary model of ethical and moral life, with a rare blending of personal and public life, the principles and practices, the immediate and the eternal. He considered life to be an integrated whole, growing from truth to truth every day in moral and spiritual status. Mohan Das Karamchand Gandhi was born on 2nd October, 1869 at Porbandar in Gujarat. After finishing his early education in India, he sailed to England in 1891 and qualified as Barrister. In 1894, Gandhi went to South Africa in connection with a law suit.The political career of Gandhi started in South Africa where he launched a Civil Disobedience Movement...
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...Satyagraha How Gandhi led India to Independence by the Path of Non-Violent Civil Resistance Gandhiji, as he was known affectionately by his followers, most of India, and indeed, a great deal of the world, inspired such extraordinary group dynamics and cohesiveness that he was able to change, not only the lives of millions; but, with his compassion for all life, he literally changed the world. The millions of Indians who treated and acted upon his word as if it were supreme command did so because he “was a man who did what he said and lived an exemplary and transparent life.” (Kamat, 2007). Satyagraha literally means to cling to truth. “Truth can be obtained only by loving service of all, i.e. by non-violence. The values that Gandhi adhered to, lived by, and taught as a Satygrahi included; remaining disciplined in self-control, simplicity of life, recognition of the unity of all life, suffering without fear or hatred, and wholehearted and disinterested service of one’s neighbors. The vows that he elaborated for members of his Satyagraha Ashram at Sabermati are, of interest from this point of view. They were truth, non-violence, brachmachayrya (celibacy), fearlessness, control of the palate, non-possession, non-stealing, bread-labor, equality of religions, anti-untouchability (meaning that no one’s work was above any other, i.e. no untouchables), and swadeshi ( literally translated as self-sufficient; in this context meaning only to use home-spun cloth rather than purchase...
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...charismatic leadership process with an example of Mahatma Gandhi as a charismatic leader. It goes further and explores the attributes that a charismatic leader possesses. The essay also tries to find out various effects of charismatic leadership on the organization. While mentioning the positive effects of the charismatic leadership, it also investigates the “dark” side of the charismatic leadership. After reading the essay the readers are expected to have gained enough familiarity with this kind of leadership and at the end of the essay I would like to put forth a couple of questions regarding charismatic leadership which have remained unanswered after reading the material I have cited. Introduction Any type of organization runs successfully when it is piloted by a skillful and influential leader. While leaders motivate their followers, it is not the only thing leaders can do. A good leader can structure the organization in the way he wants. He represents the culture of the organization and most importantly, it has been observed that effective leaders posses a capacity to increase the productivity of the organization. Various scholars categorize leadership styles in a different way. Lewin (1939) classifies leadership styles in three categories: Autocratic Leadership, Democratic Leadership and Delegative (Laissez-Faire) Leadership [1]. Max Weber classifies leaders as Bureaucratic Leader, Traditional Leaders and Charismatic Leaders [2]. In Palshikar 2 Charismatic Leadership 1978...
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...yet complex system. Being it is constantly changing leaders of health organizations are faced with an infinite amount of challenges. As issues continuously present themselves leaders are pressured to rise to the challenge. Though rising to the challenge is a great quality of a leader. It is the leader’s ability to face those challenges as a person of principle using skills such as modeling the way, building a foundation of credibility, clarifying their values, and setting an example that is essential to overcoming the challenges. Internalizing these qualities is not only critical for overcoming challenges for leaders of healthcare. Internalizing these qualities is critical for all leaders have a desire to have constituents who believe in them. The leadership in health care is built with specialty physicians and administrators whom each have a different niche in their organizations. Within these organizations the overall task for all is preserving the lives of their acute and chronically ill patients, as well as maintaining a unified environment amongst staff. In order to do so a leader must have a vision. After establishing a vision a leader must gain credibility by keeping that vision at the center of everything they desire to do. Authors Kouzes and Posner (2007) reported that “credibility is the foundation for leadership”, which first must be established (p. 37). Establishing credibility can be exemplified when a leader “practices what they preach”, “their actions are consistent...
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...In our society today, the American people are struggling, their lack of respect for our country, our morals and our values have drastically impacted our culture and the American way of life. On that note, we conclude, that the average American lacks faith and security in our own nation. With that being said: America, rest assured and know that our Professional Soldiers are receiving training, education and experience, to better our forces and to someday regain the trust of our American citizens, once again. In addition, despite the obsticles, our Professional Soldiers strive for exemplary standards of unwavering ethical and moral dedication in all areas of their career. Understanding that some Military Occupations are tougher than others, yet our goal remains; to mold diverse Leaders by providing them the foundational standards as American Soldiers. Loyalty, Duty, Respect, Selfless-Service, Honor, Integrity and Personal Courage, are the core values we live and breathe as American Soldiers. We must not forget or become laxed because these values are the backbone to the Army and are foundational truths to our success. As Non-Commissioned Officers (NCO) we will reprioritize our conduct, in order for these values to resignate home within us. As...
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...Critique of Nonviolent Politics From Mahatma Gandhi to the Anti-Nuclear Movement by Howard Ryan (howard@netwood.net) Preface 2 Part I 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Problems of Nonviolent Theory Nonviolent Philosophy 6 Moral View: Violence Itself Is Wrong 9 Practical View: Violence Begets Violence 13 Nonviolent Theory of Power 21 Voluntary Suffering 24 Common Nonviolent Arguments 34 A Class Perspective 49 Part II 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Gandhi: A Critical History Father of Nonviolence 56 Satyagraha in South Africa 59 Textile Strike 66 Noncooperation Movement 1919-22 70 Religious Conflicts 80 Salt Satyagraha 87 Congress Ministries 97 The War Years 101 Independence and Bloodshed 111 Part III 17 18 19 20 Nonviolence in the Anti-Nuclear Movement Nonviolent Direct Action 120 Consensus Decision Making 123 Open, Friendly, and Respectful 136 Civil Disobedience 142 Epilogue 151 Notes 154 ©2002 by Howard Ryan. All rights reserved. Readers have my permission to use and distribute for non-profit and educational purposes. Critique of Nonviolent Politics 2 Preface (2002) Critique of Nonviolent Politics may be the only comprehensive critique of nonviolent theory that has been written. I wrote it between 1980 and 1984, while living in Berkeley, California. Since 1977, I had been active in the movement against nuclear power and weapons which, in California, focused its protests at the Diablo Canyon Nuclear Plant near San Luis Obispo, and at the University of California's Lawrence Livermore Labs where...
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...function of a leader is to keep hope alive. (John W. Gardner)Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm. (Ralph Waldo Emerson)Setting an example is not the main means of influencing another, it is the only means. (Albert Einstein) Collectively, these three short quotations capture some of the key characteristics of transformational leadership, a form of leadership argued by some (Simic, 1998) to match the Zeitgeist of the post-World War II era. Academic debate about the nature and effectiveness of transformational leadership has developed since key work on the topic emerged in the 1970s. This short paper sets out to provide summary answers to three main questions about transformational leadership. What is it? How is it applied? What are some of its key weaknesses? In the course of the discussion, the following pages also provide a brief background to the origins of transformational leadership theory and point quickly to a possible theoretical future for a transformed transformational leadership. Transformational Leadership TheoryAccording to Cox (2001), there are two basic categories of leadership: transactional and transformational. The distinction between transactional and transformational leadership was first made by Downton (1973, as cited in Barnett, McCormick & Conners, 2001) but the idea gained little currency until James McGregor Burns’ (1978) work on political leaders was published. Burns distinguished between ordinary (transactional) leaders, who exchanged...
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...National Events – 2013 January: S Ramakrishnan takes charge as Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre Director Senior scientist with four decades of experience in rocketry, S Ramakrishnan has assumed charge as Director of the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre in Tiruvananthapuram. Ramakrishnan, who was director of the Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC), succeeds P S Veeraraghavan. A Padma Shri award recipient, Ramakrishnan is an expert in aerospace propulsion, launch vehicle systems and project management. The new director was one of the scientists who took part in the mission to realise India's first satellite launch vehicle SLV-3. He was the mission director for PSLV C1, C2, C3 and C4 flights. Amitabh Bachchan, Vidya Balan named PETA's hottest vegetarian celebrities Bollywood megastar Amitab Bachchan and actress Vidya Balan have been named PETA's hottest celebrity vegetarians of 2012. The other names in the running were Miss India Neha Dhupia, actor Shahid Kapoor, Sonu Sood, southern star Dhanush, Kareena Kapoor and veteran actress Hema Malini. Bachchan, 70, has been named the hottest vegetarian celebrity three times in the past and even won the crown in PETA Asia's equivalent contest in 2011. Balan, who had won the crown in 2010 too, has often credited her curves to her meat-free diet. IPS officer creates triathlon record A senior officer of Andhra Pradesh cadre has created a record of sorts on completing a 695 km long journey from Visakhapatnam to Hyderabad on a bicycle. Rajiv Trivedi...
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...April 2013 Current Affairs Study Material INTERNATIONAL China, Russia, Pakistan discuss Afghanistan situation Officials from China, Russia and Pakistan on 3 April 2013 held talks on the issue of coordination between their positions on Afghanistan.The officials from three nations backed the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) that is grouping to play a great role in Afghanistan after the withdrawal of NATO Forces in 2014. These talks were held to enhance coordination. The talks followed a similar meeting India, China and Russia held in Moscow recently, reflecting the delicate balancing act — and increasingly complicated regional dynamics — as different countries look to push their interests in the lead up to 2014. Malaysia PM Dissolves Parliament On 3 April Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak has dissolved the Parliament ahead of a general election.This dissolution will pave the way for the 13th general election.The elections have to be held before June 2.The Barisan Nasional coalition that has ruled Malaysia since independence in 1957 is expected to face a stiff challenge in the polls from the opposition three-party Pakatan Rakyat (People’s Pact). Tammam Salam named as Lebanon new Prime Minister On 6 April well-known Sunni lawmaker Tammam Salam has been named Lebanon’s new prime minister , after receiving overwhelming parliamentary support.His appointment comes after previous prime minister Najib Mikati resigned and effectively brought down his Hezbollah-dominated...
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...Downloaded from www.lifebooks4all.blogspot.com e press How to use Downloaded from www.lifebooks4all.blogspot.com How to use this eBook Presents WINGS OF FIRE Published by Copyright © 2003 Distributed by UNIVERSITIES PRESS (INDIA) PRIVATE LIMITED UNIVERSITIES PRESS (INDIA) PRIVATE LIMITED You are viewing this eBook in the Full Screen mode. Press the Page-Down button to browse to the other pages. Press the Escape (Esc) button to exit this Full Screen view. You will then be able to see the document with all the regular Acrobat Reader features. You can return to the Full Screen view through the menu path View > Full Screen. You can also use ‘Control+L’ (Ctrl+L) to get the Full Screen view. This eBook allows you to do the following: Print any number of pages (use the print icon) Adjust the view of the document (use the zoom-in and zoom-out icons) Navigate in multiple ways (use the next page, first page and last page icons) For Help, use the menu path Help > Reader Help to get more details. You can also write to epress@sulekha.net for any clarifications or doubts. We love to hear from customers like you. All Rights Reserved Sulekha Epress e press Sulekha, Sulekha.com, Epress, Sulekha Epress, Epress logo and Sulekha logo are trademarks of Smart Information Worldwide Inc. NOTICE: This eBook is licensed to the original purchaser only. Duplication or distribution to any person via email, floppy disk, network, print out, or any other means is a violation of International...
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...e press How to use How to use this eBook Presents WINGS OF FIRE Published by UNIVERSITIES PRESS (INDIA) PRIVATE LIMITED Copyright © 2003 UNIVERSITIES PRESS (INDIA) PRIVATE LIMITED All Rights Reserved Distributed by Sulekha Epress e press Sulekha, Sulekha.com, Epress, Sulekha Epress, Epress logo and Sulekha logo are trademarks of Smart Information Worldwide Inc. NOTICE: This eBook is licensed to the original purchaser only. Duplication or distribution to any person via email, floppy disk, network, print out, or any other means is a violation of International copyright law and subjects the violator to severe fines and/or imprisonment. This book cannot be legally lent or given to others without the written permission of Sulekha. CONTACT US: Sulekha, 4926 Spicewood Springs Road, Suite 101 Austin, TX 78759, USA Sulekha, 96 Dr Radhakrishnan Salai, 2nd Floor Chennai, 600 004, India epress@sulekha.net You are viewing this eBook in the Full Screen mode. Press the Page-Down button to browse to the other pages. Press the Escape (Esc) button to exit this Full Screen view. You will then be able to see the document with all the regular Acrobat Reader features. You can return to the Full Screen view through the menu path View > Full Screen. You can also use ‘Control+L’ (Ctrl+L) to get the Full Screen view. This eBook allows you to do the following: Print any number of pages (use the print icon) Adjust the view of the document (use the...
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...Forth Republic.He had served as Ghana’s vice president since 2009. UN, Pakistan Launched ‘Malala Fund’ : Pakistan joined forces with the United Nations on 10 December 2012 to launch a fund aimed at boosting girls’ education throughout the world.The fund is named for Malala Yousafzai, the 15-year-old Pakistani girl. Pakistan’s President Asif Ali Zardari also announced a $10-million donation for a global war chest to educate all girls by 2015 set up in the name of Malala Yousafzai for campaigning for girls’ education. Shinzo Abe Elected As Japan’s New PM : The former Prime Minister and the Leader of LDP Shinzo Abe elected as a Prime Minister with a clear victory over the Prime Minister and leader of the Democratic Party of Japan(DPJ) Yoshihiko Noda in the Parliamentary Elections on 26 December 2012.The lawmakers in Japan voted in favour of Abe by 328 votes. Opponent Banri Kaieda, the newly chosen leader of DPJ received merely...
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...UNRISD U NITED N ATIONS R ESEARCH I NSTITUTE FOR S OCIAL D EVELOPMENT Religion, Fundamentalism and Ethnicity A Global Perspective Jeff Haynes UNRISD Discussion Paper 65 May 1995 UNRISD Discussion Papers are preliminary documents circulated in a limited number of copies to stimulate discussion and critical comment. The United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD) is an autonomous agency engaging in multidisciplinary research on the social dimensions of contemporary problems affecting development. Its work is guided by the conviction that, for effective development policies to be formulated, an understanding of the social and political context is crucial. The Institute attempts to provide governments, development agencies, grassroots organizations and scholars with a better understanding of how development policies and processes of economic, social and environmental change affect different social groups. Working through an extensive network of national research centres, UNRISD aims to promote original research and strengthen research capacity in developing countries. Current research themes include: Crisis, Adjustment and Social Change; Socio-Economic and Political Consequences of the International Trade in Illicit Drugs; Environment, Sustainable Development and Social Change; Integrating Gender into Development Policy; Participation and Changes in Property Relations in Communist and Post-Communist Societies; and Political Violence and Social...
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...CONTENTS Page No. Declaration 2 Acknowledgement 3 Contents 4 1. Objective of this project work 5 2. Introduction 6 3. Urban Poverty 7 4. Urban Microfinance 9 5. Financial Inclusion in India 11 6. Microfinance as an Anti-Poverty Vaccine 15 7. Transformation of Microfinance in India 19 8. Scaling up Microfinance 22 9. Microfinance in India - A Tool For Poverty Reduction 26 10. SWOT Analysis of Microfinance 29 11. Delivery Models of Microfinance 32 12. Interest Rates in MFIs and prevailing trends 36 13. Scope of further study 42 14. Conclusion 44 15. Bibliography 46 OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT WORK This project work tries to outline the prevailing condition of the Microfinance in India in the light of its emergence till now. Microfinance refers to small savings, credit and insurance services extended to socially and economically disadvantaged segments of society. It is emerging as a powerful tool for poverty alleviation in India. The prospect of Micro-Finance is dominated by SHGs (Self Help Groups) - Banks linkage Program. Its main aim is to provide a cost effective mechanism for providing financial services to the poor. To understand the transformation experiences better, the issues that trigger transformation were identified viz.: size, diversity of services, financial sustainability...
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