...Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi Born October 2, 1869 Porbandar, Gujarat, British Indian Empire Died January 30, 1948 (aged 78) New Delhi, India Cause of death Shooting Nationality Indian Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (Hindi: मोहनदास करमचन्द गांधी; Gujarati: મોહનદાસ કરમચંદ ગાંધી; 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was a leader of nationalism in British-ruled India. He is more commonly called Mahatma Gandhi;[1] mahatma is an honorific meaning "high-souled" or "venerable" in Sanskrit. He was first called this in 1914 in South Africa. He is also called Bapu in India (Gujarati endearment for "father", "papa"). He was the Martyr of the Nation since 1948. Rabindranath Tagore gave him this name.[2] Gandhi was one of the most important people involved in the movement for the independence of India. He was a non-violent activist, who led the independence movement through a non-violent protest. Early life Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869 in Porbandar, Gujarat, India.[3] Several members of his family worked for the government of the state. When Gandhi was 18 years old, he went to England to study law.[4] After he became a lawyer, he went to the British colony of South Africa where he experienced laws that said people with dark skin had fewer rights than people with light skin. He decided then to become a political activist, so he could help change these unfair laws. He created a powerful, non-violent movement. During Gandhi's life, India was a colony of the United Kingdom,...
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...“The spirit of democracy is not a mechanical thing to be adjusted by abolition of forms. It requires change of heart.” Mahatma Gandhi The real name of Mahatma Gandhi is Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. He also knew as Father of the Nation, Bapu (Father) and Gandhiji. The word Mahatma (often employed in ordinary journalistic usage without any definite article, as if it were Mohandas Gandhi’s first name) is actually the Sanskrit word for “Great Soul.” Mohandas Gandhi is considered the father of the Indian independence movement. Gandhi spent 20 years in South Africa working to fight discrimination. It was there that he created his concept of satyagraha (fast, civil disobedience), a non-violent way of protesting against injustices. satyagraha would resist the injustice by refusing to follow an unjust law. In doing so, he would not be angry, would put up freely with physical assaults to his person and the confiscation of his property, and would not use foul language to smear his opponent. A practitioner of satyagraha also would never take advantage of an opponent's problems. The goal was not for there to be a winner and loser of the battle, but rather, that all would eventually see and understand the "truth" and agree to rescind the unjust law. “My religion is based on truth and non-violence. Truth is my God. Non-violence is the means of realising Him.” Mahatma Gandhi. While in India, Gandhi's obvious virtue, simplistic lifestyle, and minimal dress endeared him to the people. He spent...
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...Mahatma Gandhi became one of the pivotal figures, if not the main figure, in India's history in the Twentieth Century. Along with Jinnah and Nehru, Gandhi shaped India's history up to its independence in 1947. Mahatma Gandhi was born in 1869 and he died in 1948. Gandhi was born in Porbander in western India. In 1888, he went to London to study law. He returned to Bombay to work as a barrister but went to South Africa to work in 1907. In South Africa, he took part in passive protests against the Transvaal government's treatment of Indian settlers who were in the minority in the region. In 1915, he returned to India and, after joining the Congress movement, he emerged as one of the party's leaders. Gandhi encouraged Indians to boycott British goods and buy Indian goods instead. This helped to revitalise local economies in India and it also hit home at the British by undermining their economy in the country. Gandhi preached passive resistance, believing that acts of violence against the British only provoked a negative reaction whereas passive resistance provoked the British into doing something which invariably pushed more people into supporting the Indian National Congress movement. Gandhi was imprisoned in 1922, 1930, 1933 and in 1942. While in prison, he went on hunger strike. His fame was such that his death in prison would make international headlines and greatly embarrass the British at a time when Britain was condemning dictators in Europe. In 1931, Gandhi came to Britain...
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...Born: 02/10/1869 Died: 30/01/1948 Birthplace: Porbandar, Gujarat, India Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, more commonly known as ‘Mahatma’ (meaning ‘Great Soul’) was born in Porbandar, Gujarat, in North West India, on 2nd October 1869, into a Hindu Modh family. His father was the Chief Minister of Porbandar, and his mother’s religious devotion meant that his upbringing was infused with the Jain pacifist teachings of mutual tolerance, non-injury to living beings and vegetarianism. Born into a privileged caste, Gandhi was fortunate to receive a comprehensive education, but proved a mediocre student. In May 1883, aged 13, Gandhi was married to Kasturba Makhanji, a girl also aged 13, through the arrangement of their respective parents, as is customary in India. Following his entry into Samaldas College, at the University of Bombay, she bore him the first of four sons, in 1888. Gandhi was unhappy at college, following his parent’s wishes to take the bar, and when he was offered the opportunity of furthering his studies overseas, at University College London, aged 18, he accepted with alacrity, starting there in September 1888. Determined to adhere to Hindu principles, which included vegetarianism as well as alcohol and sexual abstinence, he found London restrictive initially, but once he had found kindred spirits he flourished, and pursued the philosophical study of religions, including Hinduism, Christianity, Buddhism and others, having professed no particular interest...
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...The life of Mohandas Gandhi illustrates how strong the ethical positions taken by an individual can direct and nature a mass-movement and lead to fundamental changes in political and social institutions in his own country, as well as to new approaches to political reform around the world. During a long life, Gandhi brought together disparate groups in the search of social justice, and modified the Indian Independence Movement with a philosophy and strategy of non-violence and civil disobedience that proved successful finally in convincing the British to leave India. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born in the town of Porbander in the state of Gujarat on 1869, his father , Karamchand Gandhi and mother, Putlibai. He had his schooling in nearby Rajkot. In 1885, Gandhi went to England and study for the bar there–with an English law degree. Gandhi’s primary concerns were those of India’s vast underclasses. He opposed the Indian caste system and worked throughout his life to alleviate the suffering of India’s desperate poor. In Bombay, a remarkable event occurred: The elders of Gandhi's caste, the Modh Banias (a merchant caste, neither as high as the priestly Brahmins nor as low as the shunned untouchables) learned of the proposed trip and objected. No member of their caste could go to England, they solemnly declared, because such a trip would inevitably involve impurity, and Hinduism could not be practiced in Europeanpe. By this point, however, Gandhi was determined to go, and so...
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...Have you ever thought who would be a better civil rights leader? Would Gandhi be a superior political fighter compared to Mandela? If, so how and why? Gandhi was a better presented in the text. Also, he was a better civil rights activist because more people admired him rather than Mandela, he had better intentions, and he impacted us in a greater way and is still inspiring lives to this day. To begin with, Gandhi was a very important person and is extremely praised by a variety of people. For example, In the Eulogy of Mahatma Gandhi, in paragraph one, the text states that Gandhi was very difficult to praise based on everything he did for the people. For instance, Gandhi was admired by several people and had several people inspired (Paragraph...
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...Mahatma Gandhi, An Exemplary Leader B.Panchal Author Note B.Panchal, Department of Business Management, Wilmington University, Delaware Keywords: leadership, traits of leadership, emergent leader, credibility, honesty, integrity, visionary, follower-centric, transformational and charismatic, quality Profile Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, (born on October 2nd 1869 in Porbandar, India – died January 30th 1948 in New Delhi, India) was a leader of Indian Nationalist Movement opposing British rule, considered to be ‘Father of the Nation’. His father Karamchand Gandhi served as a high official to the ruler of Porbandar State (Rajkot). When he was 13 year old he was married to Kasturbai Makhanji according to the customs of the region which believed in early child marriage. In 1885 his father died along with the son which was born to the couple earlier in the same year. Later they were blessed with four more sons. At the age of 19 he went to London to study Indian Law at University College of London where he was trained to be a barrister. In 1891 he returned home to practice law at Bombay when failed he traveled to South Africa in 1893 on a one year contract with an Indian Firm located there. Political Career Civil Rights Movement in South Africa The political career started here where he launched a Civil Disobedience Movement against the racial behavior meted out to Asian immigrants. It was here in South Africa that he developed his political views, leadership skills...
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...the period, Gandhi spoke the final word on behalf of the Indian National Congress in negotiating with the British Government for constitutional reforms, and for chalking out a programme for the national movement. Mahatma Gandhi led the national freedom struggle against the British rule. The most unique thing about this struggle was that it was completely nonviolent. Mohan Das Karamchand Gandhi was born on 2nd October, 1869 at Porbandar in Gujarat. After finishing his early education in India, he sailed to England in 1891 and qualified as Barrister. In 1894, Gandhi went to South Africa in connection with a law suit. The political career of Gandhi started in South Africa where he launched a Civil Disobedience Movement against the maltreatment meted out to Asian settlers. In 1916, he returned to India and took up the leadership of National Freedom Struggle. After the death of freedom fighter and congress leader Bal Gangadhar Tilak on August, 1920, Gandhi became virtually the sole navigator of the ship of the congress. Gandhi had whole heartedly supported the British during the 1st World War (1914-1919). The end of war, however, did not bring the promised freedom for India. So Gandhiji launched many movements to force the British to concede India its Independence. The well known being: Non Co-operation Movement (1920), Civil Disobedience Movement (1930) and Quit India Movement (1942). The British passed the Rowlett Act in 1919 to deal with the revolutionaries. Gandhi made the Rowlett...
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...Short Essay on Mahatma Gandhi Full name of 'Mahatma Gandhi' was Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. He was born in Porbandar of Gujarat, India on 2 October 1869. After passing the Matric Examination he went to England for higher studies. Gandhiji completed his law in England and came back to India in 1893. He started his career as a lawyer. Gandhiji started his legal practice in South Africa. In South Africa he faced many hurdles. He discovered that white men were ill treating the dark Indians there. He himself was tortured and insulted by the white often. One day, he was traveling in a first class compartment of a train. He had booked a ticket for him. Still he was evacuated and punished out of the compartment by the white men. Gandhiji fought against this unjust and cruel treatment. He observed Satyagraha there and became successful. Gandhiji returned to India and took part in freedom fight. He was sent to jail many times. Now all the countrymen were with him. He started the Non-co-operation in 1930 and the Quit India Movement in 1942. He became famous as the 'Father of Nation'. Due to his leadership, ultimately India got freedom on 15th August 1947. Gandhiji's style of living was very simple. He was follower of 'Simple living, high thinking'. He taught us the lesson of 'Ahimsa'. He removed the caste barrier in India. He was a reformer. He was shot dead by an Indian on his way to attend a prayer on 30 January, 1948. Mahatma Gandhi is remembered in the world for his major...
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...Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (Mahatma Gandhi) Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (lahir di Porbandar, Gujarat, India Britania, 2 Oktober 1869) juga dipanggil Mahatma Gandhi (bahasa Sanskerta: "jiwa agung") adalah seorang pemimpin spiritual dan politikus dari India. Gandhi adalah salah seorang yang paling penting yang terlibat dalam Gerakan Kemerdekaan India. Dia adalah aktivis yang tidak menggunakan kekerasan, yang mengusung gerakan kemerdekaan melalui aksi demonstrasi damai. Pada 1891, saat usia Gandhi 22, ia pergi ke London untuk melanjutkan sekolahnya ke jenjang pendidikan yang lebih tinggi. Ia mengambil Jurusan Hukum di Universitas College, London. Setelah lulus dari sekolahnya, Gandhi mendirikan sebuah lembaga bantuan hukum di India. Gandhi kemudian bekerja sebagai penasihat hukum di sebuah perusahaan India yang berada di Afrika. Selama berada di Afrika, Gandhi mendapatkan perlakuan yang tidak baik. Ia dibedakan berdasarkan ras. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, Gandhi lantas memanfaatkan ilmu hukum yang dimilikinya untuk terjun di dunia politik. Isu utama yang saat itu ada di pikirannya adalah bagaimana cara menghapuskan hukum-hukum atau perlakuan yang membeda-bedakan manusia tersebut. Untuk mendukung upayanya tersebut, Gandhi mendirikan sebuah gerakan yang anti terhadap segala tindak kekerasan. Di Afrika, ketika Perang Boer berlangsung, Gandhi berpihak sebagai tim “penyelamat”. Ia mendirikan tenda khusus bagi perawatan kesehatan. Setelah Perang Boer usai dan usahanya menghapuskan perpajakan...
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...“Breaking News! Indian citizen Mohandas Gandhi is organizing a protest to reduce British taxes on salt, 36 years after he made a compromise with the South African government about Indian suffrage. This was accomplished by what Gandhi and what other Hinduist followers consider satyagraha; or civil disobedience.” I switched the small, tattered, black and white TV off. I was amazed how one leader could bring down a strong government with a big military force, just with civil disobedience. Ever since I was born, we were controlled over British colonial rule. My parents were forced to work as peasants, because all the high-paying jobs were taken by whites. Because of inaccessibility to medical assistance, my mom died. My father was so stricken...
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...ETHICS AND VALUES IN HIGHER EDUCATION - INDIAN THOUGHT AND CURRENT SCENARIO I. V. SUBBA RAO' and M.V. SHANTARAM' We often quote the Father of our Nation, Mahatma Gandhi whenever we discuss issues related to education in India. Tlie Gandhian philosophy of education emphasises humanization of education through the development of "head, heart and liand". Extending this thought fijxther culiiiinates in to an integral system of education involving wisdom, compassion and service. Yet, another great thinker from our country, Swami Vivekananda, simplified the concept of education as t|ie "manifestation of perfection already in man". In recent times several intellectuals have emphasised the need for redefining ethics. Sinha (1998)'' elaborating the Gandhian thought and Vivekananda's perception states that "Education should aim at balanced growth of the individual and insist on both knowledge and wisdom,.It should train not only the intellect but bring grace and love in to the heart of man and wisdom is gained by constant assimilation of knowledge". Professional ethics has once again been a topic of discussion in several fora. Some of the professions are bound by fairly well defined, though artificial, code of conduct and they are written laws. The professions such as legal and medical, including veterinary are bound by such codes of conduct. But, when it comes to the wide arena of the teaching profession such defined codes of conduct do not exist. Nevertheless, the society...
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...Mahatma Gandhi De acuerdo a las definiciones del psicólogo Bernard Bass sobre los estilos de liderazgo (líder transaccional y transformacional). * El líder transformacional es aquel que motiva a sus seguidores a rendir al máximo nivel, fomentando un clima de confianza y responsabilidad hacia la organización y sus metas. Concluimos que Gandhi es un gran ejemplo del líder transformacional, pues tenía muy bien definidos sus objetivos y se involucró tanto en ellos que logro motivar a sus seguidores hacia los niveles más altos respecto a los valores éticos El líder transformacional motiva e inspira a las personas a su cargo, estimula intelectualmente, motiva a cuestionarse métodos tradicionales de hacer las cosas, promueve una visión de las tareas asignadas como formas de aprender y se centra más en la justicia distributiva. Además, la empatía y conocimiento de uno mismo (componentes clave de la inteligencia emocional), caracterizan a este tipo de liderazgo que enseguida contagia a los demás emocionalmente con el entusiasmo y la energía con la que impregna sus metas y objetivos. Gandhi se convierte en un magnifico modelo de liderazgo del que todos podemos aprender e integrar, un personaje que cambió el mundo gracias a sus múltiples fortalezas psicológicas, una gran fortaleza de carácter y una extraordinaria sabiduría. Benito Mussolini Benito Mussolini fue un líder en Italia durante la época de la Italia fascista durante la segunda guerra mundial. El contexto...
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...Gobierno de Rajiv gandhi Asía pacífico Introducción Rajiv Gandhi fue el sexto Primer Ministro de la India, de 1984 a 1989. Tomó el poder después del asesinato de la Primer Ministra Indira Gandhi, su madre, y se convirtió en el Primer Ministro más joven. Heredero de la poderosa familia de políticos Nehru – Gandhi, su abuelo Jawaharlal Nehru fue Primer ministro durante la mayor parte de la infancia de Rajiv. Para su educación superior, viajó a Gran Bretaña donde conoció y comenzó a slair con Antonia Maino, una mesera italiana. Regresó a la India en 1966 y se convirtió en piloto profesional para la linea aerea de la India. En 1968 contrajo matrimonio con Maino quien cambió su nombre a Sonia Gandhi y la pareja vivió en Delhi en una vida tranquila junto a sus hijos Rahul y Priyank. Aunque la mayor parte de los 70`s su madre fue Primer Ministra y su hermano Sanjay ejercia un poder significante en el gobierno, Rajiv se mantenía apolítico. Tras la muerte de Sanjay en un accidente aereo en 1980, Rajiv se metió del todo en la política para honrar a su madre. El siguiente año, se ganó el lugar que ocupaba su hermano y se convirtió en miembro del Lok Sabha. Como parte de su carrera política, Rajiv fue electo secretario general del congreso y obtuvo gran responsabilidad. La mañana del 32 de octubre de 1984, su madre fue asesinada, ese mismo día Rajiv fue nombrado Primer Ministro. Su liderazgo fue puesto a prueba durante los siguintes días debido a los movimientos que se llevaron a...
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...Gandhi – oder die große Seele Indiens Einleitung: ->Folie ; - Entscheidendes Erlebnis -> Überlegung tue ich was gegen Diskriminierung oder nicht? Fakten: -wurde am 2. Oktober 1869 in Probandar im indischen Staat Gujarat geboren (-> Blatt) - Richtiger / Eigentlicher Name : Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi - Wohlhabende Eltern -> Kaufleute -> fromme Hindus - 13 Jahre: Heirat mit Kasturbai Nakanji -19 Jahre : Jura Studium in London, +Studium der einzelnen Religion, insbesondere der Bergpredigt aber Ausschluss aus der Kaste (Art System das in Indien herrscht; bestimmt z.B. wenn man heiratet, Rassenzugehörigkeit, Religion usw.) - Nach 3 Jahren: Rückkehr nach Indien, nimmt erste Diskriminierungen wahr (in London mehr wie Brite behandelt, jetzt Inder) - Kein Job; Jobangebot in Südafrika (ohne Familie) -> Bezug auf Text Südafrika: erste Diskriminierungen, von Weißen gegen Inder Südafrika: - Für Weiße alle Inder (Farbige) Samies oder Kullies -> nicht ebenbürtig - Beispiele Diskriminierung: Kein Friseur, Kein Turban im Gerichtssaal, 21:00 kein Verlassen des Hauses.. - Einsetzen in Indischen Gemeinde (Versuch äußeres Erscheinungsbild der Inder zu verändern…) - > Rückkehr nach Indien: Schriften über Lage Südafrika ( Dreipfundsteuer -> nur Arbeitsvertrag wenn Aufenthaltsgenehmigung, keine Rechte, kündigen nur mit 3 Pfund;) - U.a. Bekannt geworden dadurch -> Rückreise Südafrika mit Familie: ...
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