...to the Moors? Well, last fall I had the opportunity to work in the New York Fashion week where I consulted in menswear garment pieces. What striked me as unbelievable was how every fashion expert referred to proportions as luxury. This same proportion theory was used to create the Alhambra that visually is the prime example of luxury. The Muslim influence on modern culture is amazing, however it isn’t shocking seeing as one of Islam’s principles is “ seek knowledge. “ As explained in the documentary Islam is the only religion that allowed everyone in it’s religious community to learn. In fact in the Ancient city of Fez mosques where not only used for prayer but for educating all on how to read and write. But why are these culture advances ignored by Catholic Spanish historians? Well, the answer is simple there is absolutely no reason other than ignorance that Catholic Spanish historians fail to recognize the Muslim influence in their country. As of today Spain is dominated by Roman Catholic beliefs but that hasn’t always been the case. What people fail to realize in the former influence of the Muslim faith. As the Roman Empire grew weaker a group of warriors known as the Berbers marched their way through Europe and conquered what today is as modern day Spain. The Berbers fairly new to the Muslim faith decided that all this new conquered land needed a leader, which ended up being Abd al‐Rahman I. He created the most beautiful mosque, which grew many Christians in to covert to ...
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...terrorism have occurred worldwide. Terrorism attacks such as 9/11, the Paris attack, and the San Bernardino shooting have all caused panic and fear into poor, innocent people. In all three of these attacks the people responsible have been of the Muslim religion. Due to their religious beliefs many people have begun to stereotype everyone that is Muslim to be evil terrorist, when in reality not every Muslim person is bad. Many films, television shows, and documentaries have presented Muslims in this negative stereotypical manner such as: Iron Man 3, the television show 24, a documentary called Real Bad Arabs, and Rampage. The form in which they are presented is not fair to the rest of the Muslim population, but it is what many are led to believe due to their portrayal in films and television shows. On September 11th, 2001 the United States suffered the emotional terrorist attack on the World Trade Center, the Pentagon in Washington D.C., and a plane crash in a Pennsylvania field. This terrorist attack involved the hijacking of four airplanes by a total of nineteen men who were from nations in the Middle East. They belonged to a terrorist group called Al Qaeda which was led by Osama Bin Laden. The religion they practiced was Sunni Muslim. The first airplane was crashed by Mohammed Atta and other terrorist at 8:46am. This plane hit the North Tower of the World Trade Center. All the passengers on board were killed along with hundreds of others in the building. The next airplane...
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...liberating the holy lands to gain support for the Crusade. I have looked at these sources and found some of these more useful than others in writing my paper. Pope Urban II’s call for a crusade:Four Accounts -This piece of work has four different accounts of one of the first sermons that Pope Urban gave about the crusade. The sermon was a response to Constantinople plea for help against the Turks. The sermon had called for Christians all around Europe to help save their Christian brothers and sisters who are being greatly mistreated and to take back the Holy land from the Muslims who were currently occupying it. These four accounts were written by churchmen and all of the accounts were written after the conclusion of the first crusade. The First Crusade and the idea of crusading by Jonathan Riley-Smith- I find this book so far to be a good read and chapter 1:Pope Urbans Message to very useful in helping me write my paper. This chapter discusses focuses on pope Urban and his sermons to the people. The chapter gives reasons on why the Crusade was called and how the church legitimized the crusade through his sermons. Also goes into the goals of the crusades that were mentioned over and over again by the Popes Sermons. The Pilgrimage Tradition and the Holy War Before the First Crusade James A. Brundage- I will be using this article to help connect holy wars and their justification with Pope Urban’s justification of war. The article mentions what is holy war and connects it...
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...1 HISTORY OF ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION PART II: 1258 C.E. TO PRESENT SPRING 2012 (21:510:288) M.W. 4:00-5:20 (MW6) CONKLIN HALL 446 Dr. Nükhet Varlık varlik@andromeda.rutgers.edu Office Hours: M. W. 5:20-5:50 pm and by appointment Office: Conklin Hall, 310 TEXTBOOK: o Arthur Goldschmidt Jr., A concise history of the Middle East, Westview Press, 2002. o Marvin E Gettleman & Stuart Schaar, The Middle East and Islamic world reader, New York, 2003. o Additional primary source readings will be posted on Blackboard. o Also see: Internet Islamic History Sourcebook (compiled by Paul Halsall) COURSE DESCRIPTION: This course is a survey of the history of the Islamic civilization. In this course, we will study social, economic, and cultural aspects of the history of the Middle and Near East region, from the dramatic arrival of Mongol armies in the mid-thirteenth century up to the present era. The treatment of the subject will be roughly chronological, though social and economic life, culture, and arts will be discussed thoroughly throughout the course. In addition to lectures, the course will heavily draw upon discussion sessions, which will give students a hands-on approach to history. In these sessions, we will discuss in detail various historical problems presented in the text, lectures, and audio-visual materials. 1 2 COURSE OBJECTIVES: Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to: - name and identify individuals, events, themes, and issues of major...
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...that held 37 passengers and 7 crew members that all were killed from the crash. The flights path was originally suppose to fly from Newark, New Jersey to San Francisco, California, until four Muslim Hijackers took control of the plane and were headed toward Washington D.C (Avery). The passengers were frightened for their lives and several were able to make phone calls to their families to say their last goodbyes before the crash. When the passengers were aware of the danger around them they made an attempt to regain control of the plane which caused the crash. After the crash there were little remains of the plane or its passengers, except for a few debris pieces scattered about the area. The crash did manage to leave a crater in the ground that was about 20-15 ft long and about 10ft. wide (Avery). It will always be remembered as a tragic day, one that many are still unclear of. Watching the Loose Change Documentary about 9/11 reveled some very striking information. Their theory is that everything that happened that day including the crashing of Flight 93 was a part of a government conspiracy. They feel the government had knowledge of the attacks prior to their happenings and everything that followed was a complete cover up of the government’s doings. First, The Documentary goes into discussing the crash site after the plane crashed. Being that the plane was a Boeing 757 the crater that it left behind was said to be too small. A witness described the hole to be about...
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...FRIENDS NEVER END When I was a high school student, I had two best friends whose names were : Omar and Son. Omar and Son are twin brothers. They are very similar with appearances such as eyes, face, stature…Although I have been making friend with them for long time but I have the wrong Omar and Son. However, I have seen some important features which their personalities and dream are different. The first difference between Omar and Son is personalities. Obviously, Omar is a good- humored and sociable person. He makes everyone like him by his way of talking that is courtesy and humor. For instance, when I talk to Omar. He always tells funny stories to make me smile. Omar is a social person. He always helps everyone around him who faced to difficulties. On contrast, Son is a reticent and strict person. To illustrate, he is not close and friendly person so Son does not have many friends as Omar. Everyone feels unfamiliar and careful when telling him. Son, who hears too many, speaks to few. No one dare joke with him because of his strictness. Son, who always has profound thought, looks like old persons. People said that twin brothers are similar appearances but they are vastly different. The second different feature between Omar and Son is their dreams. Clearly, with two different personalities so Omar and Son also have different dreams. Omar likes having a normal life. For example, He thinks that studying university is not necessary so he did not go to the university. He enjoys...
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...basically set up Islam and preached and converted many to this religion. He insisted that it was wrong to build a private fortune but good to share wealth and create a society where the weak and vulnerable were treated with respect (51). Umar, Muhammad's second successor and father-in-law, was very important to Islam's history. He was originally opposed to Islam but converted right after he heard some verses from the Quran. Islam made its largest and fastest expansion under Umar's reign; the Muslim forces conquered Syria, Jerusalem, Egypt, Libya, Iraq, and armies of Persia. This period is often thought as the Golden Age of Islam. It was when Muslims were at the top of their regions social order and when Islam was the most pure for it had not yet been corrupted by power or privilege. There have been many other leaders that followed, and all of them have contributed to Islamic history. The Crusades were a series of wars that were started by Christians to win back their holy lands from the Muslims. It started in July 1099 when the Christian Crusaders from Western Europe attacked Jerusalem, massacred its inhabitants and established states in Palestine, the Lebanon and Anatolia (173). It wasn't until 1187 that Jerusalem was taken back from Crusaders. The crusades would not be over for a long time. The property of the Holy...
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...on racism I found myself re questioning myself countless times as I did not wish to either contradict myself or come off as “strong left wing liberal” as some of the kids from our composition class would say. Throughout this essay I was doing countless research from the documentary on racism that we viewed in class to statistics regarding racism in the court system. I find that research in essay allows for us to gain knowledge in order to support our own ideas in the paper and to better grasp the realism of the pigeonholes that are present in our society today. The most valuable piece of evidence in my essay would be the interview I had with one of my former professors from high school who was a law teacher and was my mock trial coach. We read some Iowa court cases that were deemed to be racist primarily from the early fifties and late sixties when prejugdism and racism were much alive and well in the...
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...such as Documentaries and Biographies, and for this specific assignment I chose to write about the film “Not Without my Daughter” which portrays the true story of Betty Mahmoody, played by Sally Field and her daughter Mahtob, played by Sheila Rosenthal, and their brave and heroic escape from Iran and her abusive husband and father Sayed (Moody) Mahmoody, played by Alfred Molina. If the title of this movie hasn’t already given you an idea of what this movie is about then you’re in for a perplexing and frustrating ride of your life. “Not Without my Daughter” made its debut in 1991 during the raid of the US embassy in Iran, which caused a lot of controversy due to the graphic and misrepresentation of the Muslim faith and the Iranian culture, and with that being said I believe it had many flaws. But, before I go any further I am going to take this opportunity and give you a very brief and short summary about the plot of this movie to help you understand what it is I mean about this film being “flawed”. Moody (Molina) was a successful physician specializing in anesthesia who lived with his family in Michigan. One day while he was home with his family he suggested to his wife (Field) that he would like to take a family vacation to Iran so that his family can meet her and their six year old daughter Mahtob (Rosenthal). Despite Betty’s (Field) deep fears about visiting Iran especially due to the Iranian Hostage Crisis she reluctantly agrees and makes Molina...
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...1.0 INTRODUCTION What is leadership? In one great definition, leadership is the art of leading others to deliberately create a result that wouldn’t have happened otherwise. Yet true leadership is much more than that. A leader can be the CEO of an organization, or a first year employee who leads his or her team to success behind the scenes. A leader might lead through official authority and power, yet just as often great leaders lead through inspiration, persuasion and personal connections. It’s not just the creation of results that makes good leadership. Good leaders are able to deliberately create challenging results by enlisting the help of others. They can single handled turn failing companies into Fortune 500 organizations. They can change company cultures. Good leadership is an essential key to corporate success. Leaders' styles include how they relate to others within and outside the organization, how they view themselves and their position, and to a very large extent whether or not they are successful as leaders. If a task needs to be accomplished, how does a particular leader set out to get it done? If an emergency arises, how does a leader handle it? If the organization needs the support of the community, how does a leader go about mobilizing it? All of these depend on leadership style. There are many of leader that I most admire. One of them is Datin Paduka Marina Mahathir. She is a daughter of former Malaysian Prime Minister Tun Mahathir Mohamad. Just like...
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...Hand-in on Bush’s declaration of war. Sept. 20, 2001 - Bush Declares War on Terror Analytical Essay ”On September the eleventh, enemies of freedom committed an act of war against our country.” This is how former president George Walker Bush initiated his speech and declared war on terror. He identifies terrorists as enemies of freedom, but are they? Some people would characterize the word “terrorist” as an emotive. Some people would not know what the difference between a terrorist and a freedom fighter is. That makes me petrified. In 1989, USA won the cold war. Many historians and sociologist expeditiously agreed that there now was brought an end to the century of extremes, and the new world order could begin. One of them was Eric Hobsbawn, who stated USA as the, now only, superpower in the world. From 1989-2001, USA transformed the western values such as market economy and democracy to the rest of the world. In this period, USA solved many international conflicts and orderly made the world a better place. I sat down and thought about, why anyone would start this war against terror, who started it, and who was to blame for it? In this analytical essay, I will go through the main points in Bush’s speech. For instance, what does he mean, when he says: “The terrorists are traitors to their own faith”? Furthermore, I will go deeply into the consequences of the war on terror. Can the war on terror have had an effect on the globalization? If so, how big an impact has it played...
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...understood as a certain tradition or behavior that is governed by religious belief. Throughout the soundscape, I have shown how customs, like this are often exploited through acts of sex and sexual slavery towards the women of Iraq. Evidently, social order is constituted by discourses of power (Barker, C. & Galasinski, D. 2001), thus I chose to highlight the power of the ISIS and regulation of it’s religious discourse through audio reports of women suffering from rape to connote the authority of the ISIS. Hall argues that nothing has any meaning outside it’s discourse’ (Hall.S 1997, pg 45), evidently the file is sequenced to open on a popular theme song of ‘Allahu Akbar’, the national anthem of Lybia, a globally recognised song amongst the Muslim community, it translates to ‘god is greater’, and acts as an index of religious code triggered amongst the listeners, which can only be understood within it’s discourse. I chose to inject with a voice over of speech made by famous leader...
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...The representation of terrorism, Islam and Muslim identities on popular US series Homeland Introduction Images of Muslim and Islam have dramatically increased in the media coverage as well as popular culture ever since we have entered the “post-9/11 era”, as Elizabeth Poole observed. (2008:81) The shocking real life images from the horrifying terrorist attack in September 2011 has triggered various interpretation on the discourse of what it means to be Muslim and the image of Islam and its culture in the western media, and still have profound influence even after more than a decade and ongoing. Apart from the coverage on news media, TV entertainment, especially TV dramas also provide a powerful outlet for the popular prevailing discourses on Muslim and Islamic culture, which compare to news reports, leaves a more vivid and graphic impression on audience with its discourse and narratives. The proposed subject I am going to study is revolved around the representation of Islam and Muslim identity in the popular US TV drama Homeland. (Showtime, 2011) Homeland (Showtime, 2011) has been arguably the most successful TV series focusing on the theme of counter-terrorism and national security across the Atlantic since 2011, following its predecessor 24 (Fox, 2001) developed by the same producers. When asked what made the show distinctive compared to its predecessors, Damian Lewis, who played as Sgt Nicholas Brody, the male lead in Homeland replied, “We feel a bit differently...
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...2 – Handouts | 32 DISCRIMINATION AND THE RIGHT TO EDUCATION | 49 APPENDIX 3 – Handouts | 54 FILM CLIPS | 61 GLOSSARY OF TERMS | 63 OPTIONAL TEACHER RESOURCE 1 – Red Light Districts around the World | 65 OPTIONAL TEACHER RESOURCE 2 – Q&A about the Calcutta Red Light District | 68 OPTIONAL TEACHER RESOURCE 3 – Fact Sheet on Internally Displaced Peoples and Refugees | 70 OPTIONAL TEACHER RESOURCE 4 – Timeline of Conflict in Bosnia/Herzegovina | 72 LESSON 2 LESSON 3 ADDITIONAL RESOURCES RESOURCE STRENGTHENING FEEDBACK FORM | 74 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS FROM THE FILMMAKER ZANA BRISKI When I first went to the brothels of Calcutta I had no idea what I was doing. Circumstances had led me there and I had a deep visceral reaction to the place. It was as if I recognized it on a very personal level. It took me two years to get inside, to be able to live in a brothel. I knew this was the only way I would move from visitor...
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...this is the most bias and generalizing opinion I've ever held. However, the GOP party isn't giving me any other options as to what their motivation may be. Let's look at what used to be a selling point of the Republican party. The Working class party. The party that got the government out of your hair so you could keep living the dream. They gave you your money back and treated you as an equal. For example, in the past decade and some change, they've been pushing "Trickle Down Economics." The thing that didn't work once, so we'll try it again. Trumps tax plan reminds me exactly of Bush's. You chop those...
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