...Filtering and Purifying water before you drink it has now become a crucial part of living in a rapidly growing, economically expanding world. Did you know that roughly one-eighth of the world's population lacks access to safe water supplies, while as many as 2.5 billion people live without sanitized water? Untreated water is made up of unhealthy chemicals and contaminants that if taken in through the body can lead to some fatal diseases. Water purification plants remove harmful impurities through a process of pretreatment, coagulation, filtration, and disinfection, making our water safe to drink. There are a few steps in purifying water that I will be discussing with you shortly. The first step in water purification is pretreatment. During pretreatment, water is pumped in from its source and screened to remove any large objects, leaves, and debris before reaching the holding tanks. Next, the coagulation process begins. Coagulation removes the dirt and other particles from the water by adding a chemical that forms a sticky substance called “floc”. Floc combines with dirt as the water moves to a sedimentary basin. The sedimentary is then removed from the water giving water its clear, colorless quality. While coagulation removes the sedimentation from the water, the second to last process is taking place which is the filtration phase which pushes the remaining particles through filters of sand and charcoal. Filtration reduces the water by about 90 to 95 percent. The last process...
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...agriculture around the world is rapidly polluting our ground water. The human population depends on ground water as our biggest source of drinking water. A few simple experiments have been done to find out what changes some of the contaminants cause in the ground water. Samples of tap water and bottled water were analyzed for safety. Chemicals such as oil, vinegar, and liquid detergent cause odor changes and color changes in the water samples. Using sand, charcoal and rocks formed a filtration system that was used to simulate how water is filtered. Tap water turned out to be the safest water to drink, which was rather surprising. The tap water had less contamination than the bottled water during the experiment. Introduction Clean water is a major necessity for our lives. Three-quarters of the Earth’s surface is covered by water making clean water for drinking and cooking an important issue. The majority of water on our planet is comprised of salt water found in the oceans. That leaves only three percent of the water on Earth freshwater. (Dale 2011) Human beings used 69.3 gallons of water per individual each day on average. (Dale 2011) Water is used to do our laundry, wash our cars, feed our pets, water the gardens and lawns we have. Water is used for us to take showers and baths not to mention what the farmers need water for. The wildlife need fresh water to drink. Unfortunately, clean and drinkable water is not always easy to get. Waterborne diseases are blamed...
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...“An agonizing 87 days passed before the well was finally plugged on July 15. By then, 210 million gallons of Louisiana sweet crude had escaped into the Gulf of Mexico, according to government estimates, making the BP disaster the largest accidental oil leak in world history (Hertsgaard, par. 11).” The BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico was one of the biggest oil spills in the water in the world's history. Killing and polluting a massive proportion of the ecosystem. That is only a small portion of what fossil fuels can do to animals and plants. Alternative energy is the solution to the problem, and that is what should be used in the stead of fossil fuels. They should be used because the burning of fossil fuels damage the atmosphere, damage the...
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...cooperating with First Direct, they plant for more than 20.000 trees in each country (First direct 2010). They also encourage their customers to switch to use online banking. More than one million of HSBC and First Direct customers switch to use online banking. On the other hand, there is a risk of doing this system. More than 3.1 million customers are left from the HSBC members (Espiner 2006). This is caused by a hacker attack on its servers (Espiner 2006). As a leading bank name, HSBC seeks to improve the security of online baking by cooperating with independent association. South Africa is facing problems such as hunger and children abuses. There are also environmental problems that happened in Africa such as difficulty to get clean water and high rates of air pollution. Moreover, by...
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...One of the most important elements that make human life possible is water. Around the globe, everyday 780 million people still have to live without clean water and 2.5 billion people still do not have a toilet. In some the developing country regions, water crisis becomes bigger and bigger of a problem, due to the scarcity of water, and access to clean water. Even though water is a recyclable resource, only 2.53 percent of earth’s water is fresh. Therefore for due to lack of community effort, and technology, people around the world are struggling every day to get access to clean, drinkable water. DIARRHEA One of the leading causes of diarrhea is due to the consumption of unsafe water. Diarrhea is also the second leading cause of death for children under five years old, killing one in five, 90% of them are from developing countries. The number of death is more than malaria, AIDS, and measles combined. Even though this may seem to be an easy fix, over 37% of the earth’s population does not have access to proper sanitation, and 1.1 billion still perform open defecation. However, diarrhea can be simply prevented by higher levels of access to safe water, proper sanitation, hygiene, and nutrition. • 3.4 million people die each year due to water related illness. • Every 21 seconds, a child dies from diarrhea. • Each day, additional 2,350 children die from malnutrition, poor sanitation and hygiene. • Almost 1.5 million children under five die from diarrhea around the world ...
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...Troubleshooting If water flows slowly, the filter seems clogged, or the pump stroke feels different than normal and: Handle Is Hard to Push • Clean the Marathon Ceramic with the Pad (See "Marathon Cartridge"). • Lubricate dry Piston O-Ring (See "Piston O-Ring"). (1) (1) Handle Feels Limp / No Resistance When Pumping • Clean under the Umbrella Valve. If debris is under the Valve, the Inlet Foam is not effectively installed. Clean and reinstall the Inlet Foam. Replace the Umbrella Valve if it is torn or damaged. (1) • Missing Inlet Valve Ball (in the Relief Valve Assembly). • Hole in the Inlet Hose. Remove damaged section or replace it. • Damaged Inlet Barb O-Ring. Order a replacement O-Ring from MSR. Handle Is Hard to Pull • Clean the Inlet Foam (See "Inlet Foam"). To prevent clogging, keep the Hose above the bottom sediments using the Inlet Float. • Make sure the Inlet Hose is not kinked or blocked. Squeaky / Noisy When Pumping • The Relief Valve is blowing due to filter clogging (See "Marathon Cartridge") or pumping too fast. Pump the Handle no faster than 1 stroke per second. • Air bubble in the Pump Head. To remove the air, turn the filter upside down while keeping the Hose under water. Pump the Handle 3 - 5 strokes until the air is purged, then return the filter upright for regular pumping. To prevent air from entering, keep the Inlet Cage under water. Air in the Pump Head may also be caused by debris in the Valves (See "Umbrella Valve" and...
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...Clean Water Project Report Day 1- “The Balanced Equation” Documentary Notes In the documentary, “The Balanced Equation”, a group of high school girls tells their story of traveling to Kenya and the Dominican Republic to investigate and learn more about issues dealing with water in developing countries. The girls focus primarily on problems with water that exist in these countries and the water filtration systems being provided. According to the video, approximately 3.5 million people die from water-related illnesses each year, and over 800 million people do not have access to clean water today. The girls discover that portable point-of-use filtration devices are given to those in developing countries who don’t have access to clean water. Permanent water solutions, such as digging wells, have been tried, but often fail due to lack of maintenance and education. Wells often become contaminated with runoff water among other issues, so over 50% of these permanent solutions fail after 5 years. Instead, point-of-use water systems are distributed since they are portable and can be used at home. The girl’s spent their first night of their adventure in...
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...Vulnerability of Aila 2009 Affected Women, Ailapur, Khulna, Bangladesh. Atikul Islam Department of Sociology. University of Dhaka. March, 2011. Contents: Introduction: Causes of Aila: Aila of May, 2009: Consequences of Aila: Present situation of Ailapur Village Women: Housing and habitation: Loss of Livelihoods: Change in Livelihoods: Food Crisis: Drinking Water Crisis: Warm cloths crisis: Cold wave and diseases: Sanitation problem: Water borne Diseases: Women specific health problem: Hypertension. Reproductive Health. Gender Violence: Conclusion: Introduction: The Bay of Bengal, a northern and extended arm of the Indian Ocean and covering about 510,000 square km, is probably the "rebellious daughter" of the ocean who often turns too angry and smashes the lives of thousands along its huge coastlines particularly in the months of May and October each year. Actually, the coast of Bangladesh is known as a zone of multiple vulnerabilities. It is prone to severe natural disasters, such as cyclones, storm surges, and floods(The daily star, June 1, 2009). Aila of May 2009 is one of the most vulnerable disasters that causes hundreds of people’s death, massive damage of crops, domestic animals etc. Evan after two years of Aila, Aila affected people particularly women are in vulnerable situation. Their vulnerability are discussed in the below. Sources of data and methodology: The data for this study have been collected from the field Using qualitative...
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...Science Table of Contents Lab 2 Water Quality and Contamination 21 Water Quality and Contamination Concepts to Explore • Usable water • Ground water contaminates • Ground water • Water treatment • Surface water • Drinking water quality Figure 1: At any given moment, 97% of the planet’s water is in the oceans. Only a small fraction of the remaining freshwater is usable by humans, underscoring the importance of treating our water supplies with care. Introduction It is no secret that water is one of the most valuable resources on planet Earth. Every plant and animal requires water to survive, not only for drinking, but also for food production, shelter creation and many other necessities. Water has also played a major role in transforming the earth’s surface into the varied topography we see today. While more than 70% of our planet is covered in water, only a small percent of this water is usable freshwater. The other 99% of the water is composed primarily of salt water, with a small percentage being composed of 23 Water Quality and Contamination glaciers. Due to the high costs involved in transforming salt water into freshwater, the Earth’s population survives off the less than 1% of freshwater available. Humans obtain freshwater from either surface water or groundwater. Surface water is the water that collects on the ground as a result of precipitation. The water that does not evaporate back into the atmosphere...
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...Collaboration Is the Key to Success For companies to achieve the big benefits RFID technology offers, they will need to work with supply chain partners. The time to start? Now. By Bob Violino Jan 16, 2005—By Mark Roberti Now that the EPC is being adopted by leading retailers in the United States and Europe and by the U.S. Department of Defense, collaboration has become critical. Many of the big benefits EPC offers—cutting out-of-stocks, slashing inventory throughout the supply chain, reducing counterfeiting, and automating shipping and receiving—can be achieved only if companies work together, share data and develop standardized business processes. But there are obstacles to collaboration, including competing corporate agendas, competitive issues and cultural inhibitions about sharing information. The companies that overcome them will likely benefit most from EPC technology. “You can optimize your operation within your own four walls and achieve some efficiencies, but collaboration is the key to getting some of the bigger benefits that EPCpromises,” says Bob Mytkowicz, manager of customer, order, and logistics systems for Gillette in North America. By far the biggest benefit for both retailers and manufacturers is reducing the number of times a product is not on the shelf when a customer comes in to buy it. Linda Dillman, Wal-Mart’s CIO, says knowing what’s in the back of the store is the single most important type of information her company will get fromRFID, because...
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...Confessions of an Economic Hit Man By John Perkins Preface Economic hit men (EHMs) are highly paid professionals who cheat countries around the globe out of trillions of dollars. They funnel money from the World Bank, U.S. Agency for International Development, and other foreign “aid” organizations into the coffers of huge corporations and the pockets of a few wealthy families who control the planet's natural resources. Their tools include fraudulent financial reports, rigged elections, payoffs, extortion, sex, and murder. They play a game as old as empire, but one that has taken on new and terrifying dimensions during this time of globalization. I should know; I was an EHM. I wrote that in 1982, as the beginning of a book with the working title Conscience of an Economic Hit Man. The book was dedicated to the presidents of two countries, men who had been my clients, whom I respected and thought of as kindred spirits—Jaime Roldós, president of Ecuador, and Omar Torrijos, president of Panama. Both had just died in fiery crashes. Their deaths were not accidental. They were assassinated because they opposed that fraternity of corporate, government, and banking heads whose goal is global empire. We EHMs failed to bring Roldós and Torrijos around, and the other type of hit men, the CIA-sanctioned jackals who were always right behind us, stepped in. I was persuaded to stop writing that book. I started it four more times during the next twenty years. On each occasion, my decision to...
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...co Food and Beverage Operations DHM 102 The Official Guide Boston Business School 520 North Bridge Road #03-01 Wisma Alsagoff Singapore 188742 www.bostonbiz.edu.sg All rights reserved; no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the Publisher. This guide may not be lent, resold, hired out or otherwise disposed of by way of trade in any form of binding or cover, other than that in which is published, without the prior consent of the Publisher. The Guide is a useful resource for those seeking to gain the internationally recognised CTHCM qualifications. The Guide however must be used together with the recommended textbooks. CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Food Production Methods 3. Food Service Outlets 4. Food Service Methods 5. Food and Beverage Service Staff 6. Menus and Beverage Lists 7. Food and Beverage Service Area and Equipment 8. Food Service – Accompaniments and Covers 9. Food and Beverage Service Sequence 10. Beverage Service – Non Alcoholic Beverages 11. Alcoholic Beverage Service – Wine and Beer 12. Alcoholic Beverage Service – Spirits, Liqueurs and Bar Operations 13. Customer Care and Selling Skills 14. Functions and Events 15. Supervisory Aspect of Food and Beverage Management 1 5 31 46 65 77 92 113 128 167 181 207 228 244 262 1 Introduction Description The aim of Food and...
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...Food and Beverage Operations DHM 102 The Official Guide Boston Business School 520 North Bridge Road #03-01 Wisma Alsagoff Singapore 188742 www.bostonbiz.edu.sg All rights reserved; no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the Publisher. This guide may not be lent, resold, hired out or otherwise disposed of by way of trade in any form of binding or cover, other than that in which is published, without the prior consent of the Publisher. The Guide is a useful resource for those seeking to gain the internationally recognised CTHCM qualifications. The Guide however must be used together with the recommended textbooks. CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Food Production Methods 3. Food Service Outlets 4. Food Service Methods 5. Food and Beverage Service Staff 6. Menus and Beverage Lists 7. Food and Beverage Service Area and Equipment 8. Food Service – Accompaniments and Covers 9. Food and Beverage Service Sequence 10. Beverage Service – Non Alcoholic Beverages 11. Alcoholic Beverage Service – Wine and Beer 12. Alcoholic Beverage Service – Spirits, Liqueurs and Bar Operations 13. Customer Care and Selling Skills 14. Functions and Events 15. Supervisory Aspect of Food and Beverage Management 1 5 31 46 65 77 92 113 128 167 181 207 228 244 262 1 Introduction Description The aim of Food and...
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...have seen’.” “Well, don’t forget to take the field-glasses then,” said Roger. “They’re hanging in the hall. I say - what did you think about Mummy asking Miss Pepper to come with us, now that Daddy can’t manage?” Miss Pepper was a very old friend of their mother’s. The children were fond of her - but Roger felt rather doubtful about having her on a caravan holiday with them. “You see - she’s all right in a house,” he said to Diana. “But in a small caravan, with hardly any room - won’t she get fussed? We shall be so much on top of one another.” “Oh well - Mummy must have someone to take turns at driving the car that pulls the caravan,” said Diana. “And she’ll be company for Mummy, too. She’s quite good fun - if only she won’t keep making us be tidy, and wash our hands and knees a dozen times a day,...
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...In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in Feasibility Studies Submitted to: Leo Santiago C. Arrabaca III, MBA Date Submitted: January 24, 2015 I. Executive Summary A. Market Research 1. Research Methods a. Survey: (Location where Survey was done) The surveys were administered to people around the Divisoria area through printed questionnaires. b. Observation: (Location where Observation was done) Observations were done at Something Sweet, Sweetleaf, Greenwich, Chinkee Tea, and Coffee Works. All located in the Divisoria area. c. Focus Group Interview: (Location where FGI was done) The focus group interview was held at Insideout City, 4/f One Montecarlo Building, Corner Corrales-Hayes, Hayes Street, Cagayan de Oro City. 2. Demand Analysis a.Total Monthly Demand of Products = 7110 units/month b. Market Share: Something Sweet 15.11% Sweet leaf 20.51% Greenwich(pearl coolers) 10.40% B. Marketing Mix 1. Name of product / service / company: Table Top 2. Price per variant: Php 60.00 3. Distribution Channel: Somewhere in Divisoria 4. Promotions: a.) Business Uniforms b.) Product Packaging (jars and notes) c.) Loyalty Stamp Card for customers C. Production Plan Production Schedule: Everyday for 6 days per week except for school holidays. Total Duration per Production: Per unit=5 minutes Total Number of Units Produced...
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