...The fastest-growing economies of Malaysia in the developing world is start from year 1970s. Malaysia transformed from a major exporter of palm oil, rubber, tin, tropical timber and other primary commodities to the exporter of manufactured goods and this cause the country Per capita income become doubled in less than a generation. From year around 1970 until year 1980, economic growth was raise around 7.7% and it also raise to 5.8% in year 1980 to year 1990. In year 1990 to year 2005, the economic growth about 6.5%. During year 2008, crisis of financial appear and it caused the economic growth reduce. At the same time, Malaysia having a transformation from primary sector (agriculture based economy) to secondary sector (industrial based). The...
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...CASE STUDY MALAYSIA ECONOMIC STRUCTURE SUMMARY THE CASE Malaysia has emerged as a multi-sector economy in the 21st century from being a producer of raw materials until 1970. Efforts are being made by the government to promote value-added production by luring foreign investment in pharmaceuticals, technology industries and medical technology. Some major industries in Malaysia are electronics, electrical products, chemicals, food and beverages, metal and machine products and apparel. Malaysian exports played primary role in the country’s economic growth. In the last two decades of the 20th century, Malaysia experienced an annual GDP growth of 7% along with low inflation. In 2009, the nominal per capita GDP stood at US$6,761 and the nominal GDP at US$191.4 billion. However, given the openness of its economy with trade accounting for about 200 percent of gross domestic products (GDP), Malaysia was not spared from the negative effects of the United States economic slowdown and global electronics downturn; These were manifested in declining manufacturing production and negative export growth, particularly of electronics. Nevertheless, concerted efforts initiated by the government since the 1997/98 Asian financial crises to stimulate economic growth through accelerating domestic economic activities and reducing the over-dependence on exports helped the nation to sustain a positive real GDP growth, albeit at a modest rate of 0.4 percent in 2001 (2000: 8.3 percent). This growth...
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...ASSIGNMENT 1 Introduction : Recent years ,Malaysia is keeping on priming of economy,their aim is to determine the Malaysia into a high-income developed nation.so they has been proposed the economic transformation programme ,the programme is a comprehensive effort that will transform Malaysia into a high-income nation ,and change the country's main productivity from the agricultural to the Industrialization by 2020. The Economy transformation programme is follow a quite different way from the past to develop the economy . This programme planning to focus on the core development area : the 12 national key economic areas(NKEAs) ,including oil gas and energy ,palm oil and rubber, financial services,tourism,business service,electrical and electronic,wholesale and retail ,education,healthcare , Communications Content and Infrastructure; Agriculture; and Greater Kuala Lumpur/Klang Valley.which are choose from the Malaysia' s advantage industry and the future potential industry.those key economic areas will bring a huge amount of profit contribute to Malaysia 's economy ,and those areas will be acquired the public investment and government support in prior。Besides,those Key economic area will be get policy reforms such as the remove the economic competition barriers and market liberalization .This program will involve the deliberate choices and trade-offs. Prioritize investment in key economic sectors means less investment in other areas. To bring about meaningful change for...
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...Assignment Question 1 What is the difference between moral hazard, morale hazard, and physical hazard? Solution for question 1 Moral hazard is refers to the character of individuals related to the property that can increase the chance of loss. For insurance company this hazard resulting from uncertainty about the honesty of the insured. Example insured giving false information to insurer to get or to purpose an insurance policy in favour of insured or raising a claim with exaggerated loss. Morale hazard is closely related to moral hazard but it refers to the individual attitudes of individuals related to the property because of the presence of insurance policy. “It’s insured so why should I worry about safety of my house, property, or my own health. If anything goes wrong, insurer is there to indemnify me. So, why should I worry about safety?” is an example of morale hazard. Insured with this kind of attitude tend to act carelessly. Insurance companies often try to stem the problem of morale hazard by risk reduction measures, such as insisting on the ownership of fire extinguishers (in the case of fire insurance), or offering price reductions, for example, if a burglar alarm is installed in a home. Refers to individual’s Carelessness , example rash driving after getting auto insurance or keeping doors open after purchasing a insurance for house. Physical hazard is refers to the physical features that can lead to an increase in the chance of loss from certain perils. For...
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...An Emperical Study of Export ,Import And Economic Growth in Malaysia Meloney Antong & Kartini Binti Kapin Department of Economics, Faculty Economics and Business Universiti Malaysia Sarawak ------------------------------------------------- Abstract This paper investigates the relationship between export and import to economic growth. This paper is an attempt to carry out an empirical examination of the hypothesis on export-led growth. It also determines the direction of causality between exports, import and output, and investigates short and long-run dynamic impact of exports, imports on GDP growth in case of Malaysia. ------------------------------------------------- Keywords : Economic Growth, GDP, Export and Import. 1. Introduction Development is the main aim of any economy. The basic of economic development is economic growth. In order to promote economic growth, export-led growth is considered as the key to accelerate the rewards of all factors of production. Economic growth can related to many various factor. The main aim for any economy is development and economic growth is the basic of economic development. Export can be define as the goods and services that produce in the country and sold to the other countries. While, import is the goods and services that bought into other country for trade purpose. But, its depend to the import quotas, tariffs and agreement between the country. Export will represent the important sources of foreign exchange...
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...In 1991, Mahathir Mohamad, reached his tenth year as prime minister of Malaysia, a country that observed a long period of economic stability with an annual average economic growth of 6.2% in the previous decade. Concerned about the new stages of economic development Mahathir went to New York looking for of foreign investment. In that time, the timber exportation had brought more foreign exchange than tin and rubber exportation. However, studies had indicated that this harvest without a rigid control would lead to a rapid deforestation of the region. Environmental groups, that said be concerned about the consequences of deforestation, threatened to boycott the use in the Western of timber-derived products produced by Malaysia. In this scenario, the question to be analyzed is to answer to international pressure of environmentalists, to ensure the attraction of new investments, without an abrupt break with the timber industry, essential for the politic economic and social stability of the country. The most appropriate decision is partially accept the demands of environmentalists. The short-term action is to resume the agenda of the International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) to search results that combine economic viability and environmental of the timber industry. Although internally controversial, the deforestation reduction will be naturally seen as a market move in response to projections of falling of commodities prices. In the long term, the country should direct...
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...PERBELANJAAN PEMBANGUNAN KERAJAAN PERSEKUTUAN 1970 - 2012 (RM JUTA)FEDERAL GOVERNMENT DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURE 1970 - 2012 (RM MILLION) UPDATED AS AT JUN 2013 KESELAMATAN/SECURITY Pertahanan/Defence Keselamatan dalam negeri /Internal Security PERKHIDMATAN SOSIAL/SOCIAL SERVICES Pendidikan dan latihan/Education and training Kesihatan/Health Perumahan/Housing Lain-lain/Others PERKHIDMATAN EKONOMI/ECONOMIC SERVICES Pertanian dan pembangunan luar bandar Agriculture and rural development Kemudahan awam /Public utilities Perdagangan dan perindustrian/Trade and industry Pengangkutan/Transport Perhubungan/Communications Lain-lain/Others PENTADBIRAN AWAM /GENERAL ADMINISTRATION JUMLAH/TOTAL 1 3 3 2 2 1 1 1970 172 172 0 80 44 20 11 5 451 198 20 100 80 53 0 22 725 1971 217 217 0 144 86 23 27 8 703 235 31 260 148 29 0 21 1,085 1972 211 184 27 171 112 27 15 17 836 307 42 177 234 76 0 24 1,242 1973 110 70 40 200 142 34 12 12 786 334 49 180 184 39 0 32 1,128 1974 242 148 94 277 187 42 33 15 1,313 436 55 462 314 46 0 46 1,878 1975 229 116 113 328 212 57 31 28 1,398 506 118 223 486 65 0 196 2,151 1976 435 338 97 316 227 47 29 13 1,550 514 133 296 561 46 0 77 2,378 1977 470 351 119 452 274 44 122 12 2,129 591 250 417 652 219 0 166 3,217 1978 491 316 175 614 252 48 294 20 2,529 716 339 601 637 236 0 148 3,782 1979 713 530 183 962 339 59 427 137 2,511 877 395 348 675 216 0 95 4,281 1980 1,222 812 410 1,173 558 80 295 240 4,856 1,147 665 1,567 1,031 0 446 219 7...
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...Ekonomi Malaysia pada Tahun 2005 2-18 6-7 10-15 18-36 37-42 42-50 50-70 65-68 70-72 Tinjauan Keseluruhan Rencana: Keluaran Potensi Ekonomi Malaysia Rencana: Pembangunan Perusahaan Kecil dan Sederhana Kajian Mengikut Sektor Keadaan Permintaan Dalam Negeri Harga dan Guna Tenaga Sektor Luar Negeri Rencana: Penyusunan Data Hutang Luar Negeri Malaysia: Mengambil Kira Entiti Kewangan Luar Pesisir di Labuan IOFC sebagai Pemastautin Aliran Dana Ekonomi Malaysia pada Tahun 2005 TINJAUAN KESELURUHAN Biarpun berhadapan dengan harga minyak yang berterusan tinggi dan kitaran elektronik global yang menurun, keluaran dalam negeri kasar (KDNK) benar meningkat 5.3%. Pertumbuhan dipacu oleh sektor swasta dan didorong pula oleh dasar makroekonomi yang menyokong, serta keadaan kewangan yang menggalakkan. Permintaan pengguna swasta kekal mapan dengan pertumbuhan yang kukuh, sementara pelaburan swasta berdaya tahan untuk terus menyokong pengembangan ekonomi. Sektor awam pula terus mengambil kesempatan persekitaran yang menggalakkan untuk mengukuhkan keadaan kewangannya supaya ke paras yang lebih mapan. Graf 1.1 KDNK Benar, Perdagangan Dunia dan Kadar Inflasi Perubahan tahunan (%) 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 KDNK Perdagangan Dunia IHP 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 KDNK benar mengembang 5.3% pada tahun 2005. Dasar makroekonomi yang sesuai serta keadaan kewangan yang menggalakkan terus meningkatkan daya tahan ekonomi dan menyokong pengembangan ekonomi yang seimbang. ...
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...1.0 Pengenalan Sistem kewangan merupakan satu sistem yang mengandungi institusi perbankan, pasaran kewangan, pengantara kewangan lain seperti dana persaraan dan syarikat insurans. Sebuah badan kawal besar, iaitu bank pusat yang menyelia dan mengawasi operasi pengantara kewangan ini. Ia merupakan satu sektor dalam ekonomi yang menggunakan sumber-sumber produktif untuk memudahkan pembentukan modal melalui peruntukan daripada pelbagai alat-alat kewangan, iaitu memenuhi pelbagai keperluan antara pemberi pinjaman dan peminjam. Maka, sistem kewangan memainkan peranan yang penting dalam mengerahkan(mobilizing), pengantara untuk simpanan(intermediating saving), dan memastikan sumber-sumber ini adalah diperuntukkan dengan cekap kepada sektor-sektor yang produktif. Selain itu, Wang yang dominan dalam sesebuah ekonomi sekarang ialah wang kredit, wang yang tercipta ekoran aktiviti sektor perbankan mengambil deposit dan mengeluarkan pinjaman. Perkembangan ini serta peningkatan pesat inovasi kewangan dalam ekonomi berasaskan kredit boleh mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ekonomi di sesebuah negara. Ini yang menjadikan peranan sektor kewangan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi sering menimbulkan perdebatan di kalangan ahli-ahli ekonomi. Misalnya Miller (1998) yang menyatakan bahawa sektor kewangan telah dilebih-nyatakan(over-stressed) terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Manakala, ahli ekonomi lain seperti Schumpeter (1911) dan Mikinnon (1973) yang menggunakan pelbagai kaedah ekonometrik telah memberikan kesimpulan...
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...Over the past few decades, Malaysia has experienced both growth and decline economically. Relying mainly on exports, this country is predicted to experience a more stable growth period between the years 2011-2015. GDP is predicted to increase in the future years and investments in the country will be the main factor of this economic growth (Economic Forecast, 2011). With a population of 28.3 million and an expected population growth rate of 1.7%, this country provides an excellent opportunity for exporters looking to invest in another country by way of goods and services (Profile, 2011). In order for exports in Malaysia to be successful however, one must understand the values and subcultures Malays possess in order to market to them appropriately. This report will focus on the influences of these concepts on the behaviour of Malaysian consumers in comparison to Australian consumers. This report will also highlight the importance of understanding certain cultural differences and their implications for marketers if Australia is to export goods and services to Malaysia. Religious Subcultures The concept of subcultures, more specifically religious subcultures, is an important aspect of consumer behaviour to consider. Strongly held religious beliefs and customs can exert a significant influence upon the values people hold. These values may include choosing to adopt a simple and humble existence devoid of materialism or choosing to lead a lifestyle that balances simplicity and materialism...
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...important is the concept of “race” for understanding contemporary Malaysia? Introduction The concept of race as defined by Rex and Mason is “an essentially biological concept based on distinctive sets of hereditary phenotypical features that distinguish varieties of mankind” (1986, p. 189). In Malaysia however, race is oftentimes used to mean ‘ethnicity’, which is incorrect as ethnic groups are sub-divisions of a particular racial stock differentiated by history and cultural practices (Rex and Mason, 1986, p. 189). Nevertheless, the concept of race is an important one in understanding how it has shaped the politics and society of Malaysia. In this essay I will explain how Malaysia’s colonial past and affirmative action policies has contributed to the formation of a society divided along racial lines and how that has created racial tensions among the ethnic groups of Malaysia. Malaysia which touts itself as a ‘plural society’ is a country constituted by different race/ethnic groups, the three largest being the Malay, Chinese and Indian groups. As of 2010, the Malaysian population consists of 28.3 million people, with 91.8% Malaysian citizens. The Malaysian citizens are made up of 67.4% bumiputera (translated as ‘son of the soil’, a group composed of predominantly ethnic Malays along with various other indigenous tribes and native groups), 24.6% Chinese, 7.3% Indians and 0.7% Others (Department of Statistics Malaysia, 2010). With so many different ethnic groups within a country...
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...is set at Vietnam and factory too. Our companies have produces so many sport item example basketball, football, badminton and so on. The more of the item we produce is sporting shoe. Except shoe, we also produce clothes, pants, stockings, basketball, racket and so on. Sporting Cloths of Men Basketball Shoe Gym Beg Vietnam is our home country, the main I choosing Vietnam is because of the material to produce our product is more cheaper than other country, second is the money exchange rate of Vietnam is more lower than other country, example Malaysia, US, UK, Singapore and so on. Today, we wanted to introduce a new product. The first country of we aim to sale this product is Malaysia. Because we getting know about have so many Malaysian like sport but their home economy is no allow of them to buy a shoe for sport. So that we create an ideal on produce a beautiful, performance and lower price to design a sporting running shoe. Even are rice family or poor family, they also can enjoy about the delight of sport in mood relax and happy. So that our design team group try hand for research the suit material for doing this ideal. New Product Introduction of EKIN The new product is name SPS I. Our new product is design with two colours and addition our brands logo at beside in one of the shoe. The base of the shoe is with black colour and the body of the...
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...Malaysia Where is Malaysia? Malaysia is situated in Southeast Asia, bordered by Thailand in the north, Indonesia in the south, and the Philippines in the east. The country has an area of 329,758 square kilometres. The Federation of Malaysia consists of 13 states, and is divided into 2 parts: 11 states are located in Peninsular Malaysia (also called West Malaysia) and 2 comprise East Malaysia, which is situated on the island of Borneo (see map). How and why Malaysia has industrialised… Early Industrialisation, 1957-70 * Malaysia’s economy was geared to the export of primary commodities. These included Rubber, Palm Oil, Timber and Tin. At the time, manufacturing comprised 9%, much of it from the first industrial estate at Petaling Jaya outside Kuala Lumpur. Early industrialisation took the form of import substitution – the production of goods needed by the population, such as clothing. The New economic Policy, 1971-90 * Oil exports were fuelling the growth of export-orientated industries. Non-agricultural began to exceed agricultural employment. Various government initiatives and changing economic circumstances encouraged rapid growth of manufacturing. Exports grew by 26% per annum in 1970’s. * This was due to: * Need for newly independent state to break away from the stifling impact of colonialism on economy * Continuing emphasis on resource based industries – rubber, palm oil, timber, tin * Creation of industrial estates near state capitals ...
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...Transportation in Malaysia INTRODUCTION The purpose of this paper is to define the transportation system and its assets in Malaysia providing a brief history of the country’s transportation and examine the different means through which passengers and goods are moved from one place to another with emphasis on technology development and its overall impact on transportation. The paper will also explore the Malaysian culture looking at the origin of multiculturalism and how its broad acceptance has contributed to a better atmosphere of harmony resulting into a peaceful practice of desired religions. Further, the paper will analyze the role of government in the area of education, and the impact of technology on Malaysian culture in general. Finally, the paper will describe the moral and ethical issues associated with technology and how Malaysia addresses them. History of Malaysia’s transportation system The gateway to any society is better transportation and Malaysia is a country that has been improving on its transportation beginnings. Understanding the definition of the transportation system will provide clarity of the different system designs, structures, and capabilities set in place to meet specific transportation needs of the Malaysian people whether it is by land, air, and water. Asianinfo.org states “Malaysia’s road system, which was begun during British colonization, is extensive and covers about 63,455km.” The road systems length spans 39,429...
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...Daryl Loh Zhen Zhe 25903969 tutorial 23 Q1. Company name: Monash University Malaysia (http://www.monash.edu.my/) Monash University is the first foreign university to be established in Malaysia. It is established in 1998 and located in Bandar Sunway. Competitors: * Taylor's University (http://www.taylors.edu.my/en/university/) * The University of Nottingham (http://www.nottingham.edu.my/index.aspx) * Help University (http://www.help.edu.my/) Suppliers: * Sunway Property (Property) (http://www.sunwayproperty.com/pd/) * Sunway Construction Sdn Bhd ( Construction works) (http://www.sunway.com.my/suncon/) * Atlas Vending (M) Sdn Bhd (suplply vending machine) (http://www.atlas-vending.com/) Intermediaries: * GTI Media Sdn Bhd (Marketing services agency, established a brand name doctorjob.com.my which help to advertise Monash Univeristy Malaysia) (http://gtimedia.asia/) * Sureworks Sdn Bhd (Marketing services agency, organise educational fair to help promote Monash University Malaysia) (http://www.sureworks.info/) * IDP Malaysia (Introduce Monash University Malaysia to students as an option) (http://www.idp.com/malaysia/studyabroad) Customer: * People which majority in the category of young adult and adult who seek for tertiary education * International and local students * Undergraduate and postgraduate students Public: * Ministry of Higher Education (government publics) (http://jpt.mohe.gov.my/eng/) * Jeffrey Cheah Foundation...
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