...1. award: 1 out of 1.00 point A firm can manufacture a product according to the production function: Q = F(K,L) = K3/4L1/4. a. Calculate the average product of labor, APL, when the level of capital is fixed at 81 units and the firm uses 16 units of labor. Instruction: Round your responses to 3 decimal places. What is the average product of labor when the firm uses 256 units of labor? b. Find an expression for the marginal product of labor, MPL, when the amount of capital is fixed at 81 units. Instruction: The second response is the exponent on L in the expression. Round your responses to 2 decimal places. MPL = *L ^ Then, illustrate that the marginal product of labor depends on the amount of labor hired by calculating the marginal product of labor for 16 and 81 units of labor. Instruction: Round your responses to 3 decimal places. MPL when L = 16: MPL when L = 81: c. Suppose capital is fixed at 81 units. If the firm can sell its output at a price of $200 per unit and can hire labor at $50 per unit, how many units of labor should the firm hire in order to maximize profits? Instruction: Enter your response as a whole number. Explanation: a. When K = 81 and L = 16, Q = (81)0.75(16)0.25 = 54. Thus, APL = Q/L = 54/16 = 3.375. When K = 81 and L = 256, Q = (81)0.75(256)0.25 = (27)(4) = 108. Thus, APL = 108/256 = 0.422. b. The marginal product of labor is MPL = (1/4)*(81)0.75(L)-3/4 = 6.75*(L)-0.75. When L =...
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...The beta of the portfolio is (a) 1.25 (b) 1.33 (c) 1.45 (d) unable to be determined from the information provided. Answer: C Level of Difficulty: 3 Learning Goal: 5 Topic: Portfolio Beta (Equation 5.7) 51. The higher an asset’s beta, (a) the more responsive it is to changing market returns. (b) the less responsive it is to changing market returns. (c) the higher the expected return will be in a down market. (d) the lower the expected return will be in an up market. Answer: A Level of Difficulty: 3 Learning Goal: 5 Topic: Beta and Systematic Risk 52. An increase in nondiversifiable risk (a) would cause an increase in the beta and would lower the required return. (b) would have no effect on the beta and would, therefore, cause no change in the required return. (c) would cause an increase in the beta and would increase the required return. (d) would cause a decrease in the beta and would, therefore, lower the required rate of return. Answer: C Level of Difficulty: 3 Learning Goal: 5 Topic: Beta and Systematic Risk 53. An increase in the Treasury Bill rate _________ the required rate of return of a common stock. (a) has no effect on (b) increases (c) decreases (d) cannot be determined by Answer: B Level of Difficulty: 3 Learning Goal: 5 Topic: Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) 54. An example of an external factor that affects a corporation’s risk or beta, and hence required rate of return would be (a) financing mix. (b) toxic spills. (c) asset mix. (d) change in top management. Answer:...
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...MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS 50% final exam, 30% homerwork (group), 20% class participation. 2-NOV Network effect doesn’t have effect on prices. The popular bar will be full for 40 shekels and the not so popular bar also charges 40 shekels. Free trade area: Countries that eliminate taxes in between and allows trading all the products freely. Markets change over time as technology changes WHATS THE BIGGEST PUZZLE IN YOUR INDUSTRY RIGHT NOW? eyoeli@gmail.com * Why do they charge more money for more escalas as to one or two. * Why people are focusing more on apps building directly to consumers than to companies? Demand, Supply, and Equilibrium: Supply-Demand Model or Competitive model is used to analyze a sigle market The demand is related consumer behavior to price Equilibrium, point were supply and demand interact. Price and quantity. The model is also competitive because is a large number of small competitors and buyiers. Price takers, who are to small to alterate the market. 5 and more firms is a perfect competitive. The demand of the curve comes from the Tastes, Availabity of Competing Products, The weather, etc. When you change the PRICE, the points move IN THE CURVE. (If the Q changes by the produces also it moves over the curve) When you change the DEMAND (weather or the taste, income, competition products) THE WHOLE CURVE MOVES! Elasticity: To describe how responsve consumers are to changes in price. The more ELASTIC hey are, the more they...
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...The first prototypes of automobiles came into being in late 19th century. North America, Europe, Asia together have contributed significantly to production and organization of automobile industry throughout the 20th century. These innovation have made the automobile industry competitive. The automotive industry is dynamic and large. It provides jobs to many people especially in industrialized economies, approximately 1 in 10 people are employed in this industry in industrialized nations. Automotive industry has vast linkages to other sectors therefore developing economies always look upon at this industry as the engine of growth. Development in this sector improves the future prospects of developing nations. The automobile industry has moved through three stages over the century: (1) craft production (1890-1908), in which dozens of small enterprises competed to establish a standard process of manufacturing automobiles and also standard product; (2) mass production (1908-1973), by Henry Ford’ assembly lines, which became the standard operational mechanism of the industry; and (3 ) lean production (1973–present), which was initially developed at Toyota in 1950s , and which introduced with it a revolutionary management process of product-development and production. Before 1920s a large number of firms existed in the industry...
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...Research or Interview Paper Instructions You can choose 1 of the following two options for your Research or Interview Paper. Your paper will be 7 double-spaced pages for the main content (not including the cover page and reference page). Your choices include: 1. A research paper Steps for writing the research paper: a) Choose a topic in Managerial Economics. b) Submit the topic and the outline of the paper to the instructor anytime for approval. c) A minimum of 3 references besides the textbook are required. Liberty University library has excellent resources for your search for journals. http://www.liberty.edu/index.cfm?PID=178 OR 2. An interview paper Steps for writing the interview paper: a) Choose a topic in Managerial Economics. b) Design at least 5 questions according to the topic. c) Submit your questions to the instructor for approval. d) Contact a local or non-local company for an interview. e) Conduct the interview for answers to your questions. f) The paper must have 3 parts: • The description of the company; • Interview questions and answers; and • Your comments. *The research paper is to be done individually, not as a group. **Do not wait until the last module/week to work on the paper. Do it as early as possible. ***A paper that was written for other classes would not be accepted for...
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...Case Study: Chapter 8 Aaron Lambert Saint Leo MBA 540 Managerial Economics Analyzing Managerial Decisions: Leaving New York for the Farmlands of Illinois While the co-workers may be rightly supportive of the individual’s aspirations, they are likely not qualified to advise him on this matter. The individual claims to have $800,000.00 saved from bonuses at his current place of employment. Based on that information alone, it appears that he is considering walking away from what seems like a fairly secure and profitable situation at his current job and committing to a new and less certain endeavor. With reports implying that demand for corn will soar the farming proposition may seem like a good idea; however, our potential farmer needs to consider other factors. The costs associated with acquiring the land are known and estimated to be $800,000.00, but there are other costs involved that are considerable and quite fixed. He will need to purchase farming equipment and machinery, which will require much more cash upfront in addition to the land. These fixed costs definitely need to be factored into the decision but are omitted in the text. If he has a lot more of that bonus money remaining, he could purchase the machinery outright. If paying cash is not possible he will need to take up a loan, lease, or rent; either option resulting in additional expenses incurred each period. Based on an article published by the University of Illinois in 2014, corn farmers in Illinois...
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...MID-TERM EXAM - 1st Semester, 2012 |Date |Time |Course Title & Code |Room No. | |29 June, 2012 |11.00 am ~ 12.30 pm |501: Accounting System & Auditing |502 | |(Friday) | | | | |30 June, 2012 |7.00 pm ~ 8.30 pm |502: Managerial Economics |402 | |(Saturday) | | | | |06 July, 2012 |3.00 pm ~ 4.30 pm |503: Business Communication |502 | |(Friday) | | | | |07 July, 2012 |7.00 pm ~ 8.30 pm |504: Advanced Management |502 | |(Saturday) | | | | |13 July, 2012 |3.00 pm ~ 4.30 pm |503: Business Communication...
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...Coach Mike Krzyzewski (Coach K.) and Coach Robert Knight (Coach Knight) were two of the most winning and successful coaches to ever coach basketball. These men are not just known for their record wins, but for their unique leadership. They each had a unique way of leading their teams. Coach Knight was Indiana University’s head basketball coach and became a legend there. Coach K. was the head coach at Duke University since 1980. A fact of interest, both of these two men knew each other in an earlier time. Coach Knight had been Mike Krzyzewski’s basketball coach when he played for the United States Military Academy at West Point. It was there they began to build a relationship of trust and respect that would follow and remain with them throughout both of their careers and beyond, as they were also friends. Each of these men have differing ways in which they lead their teams, but there are leadership styles which they shared when it came to coaching. When taking the model which Robert Katz developed we can see there are skills that did account for their success. Coach Knight held two of the leadership traits that were professed by Katz. Those were technical skills and conceptual skills. He had the ability to know exactly was needed and how to make changes based on each individual situation. According to Katz’s model, Coach Knight did not have human skills. He was known for his roughness (e.g; using high levels of profanity and throwing objects onto the court). He did not have human...
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...tEXECUTIVE SUMMARY The paper identifies different source and causes of different types of conflict in the work place. Analysis of the conflict was done with the aid of Blake and Mouton’s model of conflict management. The paper reflects on a real life observation using brightlands care home. Conflicts observed in the home were analysed and discussed. Manager positions in handling the conflict were also analysed using Blake and Mouton’s conflict management style model. Five conflict management style (competitor, collaborator, compromiser, accommodator and avoider) were used to analysed the conflict were based on the research of Blake and Mouton (1964). Using the conflict scenario, the paper critically discussed various approach towards conflict resolution within and between groups. 1.0 INTRODUCTION Conflict is a normal and natural aspect of life and the working environment hardly do without one form of conflict or the other. Conflict in the workplace is a well known daily phenomenon and it is on the increase. It is worth saying that a conflict free company never existed and will never exist. Tension, cultural differences, aggressions, antagonisms, negative attitude and frustration will usually exists especially wherever men are forced to live and work together. . Burton (1972) said in his book that Conflict, like sex is an essential creative element in human relationships. It is the means to change, the means by which our social values of welfare, security, justice and...
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...Running head: Leadership Styles Leadership Styles Kellie Napper Grand Canyon University LDR 600 Leadership Styles and Development September 18, 2012 Leadership Styles Leaders have many different styles and approaches they take when evolving to becoming a great leader. It takes many years of practice to perfect a craft within certain individuals. Some crafts are more defined than others; never the less these skills are done to win over individuals in work environments and major league football teams. According to Katz (1955) there are three basic administrative needs that should be present for managers to be effective which are conceptual, human, and technical. Coach K’s approach contained both conceptual and human skills. Coach K was able to come up with an approach that was comfortable for both him and the team. He did not want to come with a lot of rules that no one would follow. Growing up Coach K spent a lot of time with his family. As he became an adult his wife and children were very important to him. This is the typed of approach he took with his team. Coach K lacked in my opinion in the technical area. He was not all about a lot of drills and long practices. Coach Knight’s approach contained conceptual and technical skills. Coach Knight had very little room for error. He drilled step by step plays into his players. He believed in practicing long hours and if you could not follow the rules you would be kicked out of practice. Coach Knight taught...
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...1. Main roles of manager is leadership, leading your team, figurehead, people look up to you as a person of authority, liaison, you need to be able to network effectively, monitor, you must be able to monitor your team in both productivity and their wellbeing, spokesperson, you must be able to represent your company, Negotiator, negotiator within your team or department, people development, developing structure, procedures and policies. Hazif’s main role is production manager he is a great team leader and makes sure rules and regulations are met, he monitors his team well with weekly meetings to discuss problems. He has good people development skills giving monthly reviews to his employees on performance helping empower his team. He has introduced job rotation to build employees skills & knowledge. He rewards his team and creates a positive work culture. 2. Meeting Deadlines: Hazif rewards his employees to ensure all orders are completed and delivered in time and targets are met letting us know how Hazif is performing and if he is getting all deliveries out in time. Accidents at work: As part of the quality culture all staff know the importance to health and safety, all accidents should be recorded thus letting us know if Hazif is making sure all employees are sticking to the health and safety guidelines and how he is performing as a manager. 3. The functional or group approach. In 1973 john Adair theorised and developed an action-centred leadership model to...
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...multiple leadership styles from the commanding officers; Colonel Davenport, Brigadier General Savage, and Major General Pritchard of Pine Tree. Through Colonel Davenport, Major General Pritchard, and Brigadier General Savage at the start of the film we can see the distinct difference between their leadership styles. General Davenport shows a high concern for his navigator trying to take blame for a navigation error that was his navigator’s fault. Davenport shows a high concern for his men and a low or medium concern for production lead me to believe middleman management style. General Savage, who seems to have the exact opposite leadership style, is highly task oriented and shows little if any concern for the men of the 918th. Savage has a managerial style mimicking authority compliance. Major General Pritchard shares the same management style as Savage. Shortly after the conversation Davenport is relieved of his duty and Savage is put in control of the 918th. Pritchard and Savage are both men who believe chain of command stemming from the fact that they are in the military. According to them you must adhere to the chain of command at all times no matter the circumstances. They believe in orders and that orders should be followed exactly. Arrival at the 918th After arriving at the 918th Bomber Group, Savage is presented with a group of poorly motivated and disciplined men. He notices the lax of security at...
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...Goleman, D. (1998). The emotional intelligence of leaders. Leader to Leader,(10), 20-26. According to the Goleman, author of “The Emotional Intelligence of Leaders” there is a difference between rational and emotional intelligence. The article detailed that both are essential to success. Studies that were conducted in hundreds of organizations show that that about two-thirds of the abilities that set apart star performers from the rest are based on emotional intelligence, only one-third of the skills that matter relate to raw intelligence and technical expertise. (Goleman 1998) There are some skills that a leader should possess. The author discussed 5 dimensions of emotional intelligence that are a foundation for specific capabilities of leadership. There is self awareness – when we are thinking about something, this helps us in our decision making. Managing emotions- a leader should be able to control his/her emotions. There was a study done at the Stanford University; four year olds were tested using marshmallows; the ones who were able to wait instead of grabbing a marshmallow immediately show self control. It was later determined at the age of 18; the kids who waited are emotional stable versus the ones who did not wait. Another skill that a leader should possess is the ability to motivate others. In order for a leader to be able to successfully motivate others; he or she needs to be optimistic. Optimists are able to handle setbacks and try again. A leader should also...
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...The Leadership Grid Perhaps the best-known model of managerial behavior is the Managerial Grid®, which first appeared in the early 1960s and has been refined and revised several times (Blake & McCanse, 1985). It is a model that has been used extensively in organizational training and development. The Managerial Grid, which has been renamed the Leadership Grid®, was designed to explain how leaders help organizations to reach their purposes through two factors: concern for production and concern for people (Northouse, 2007). Concern for production refers to how a leader is concerned with achieving organizational tasks. It involves a wide range of activities, including attention to policy decisions, new product development, process issues, workload, and sales volume, to name a few. Not limited to things, concern for production can refer to whatever the organization is seeking to accomplish (Blake & Mouton, 1964) (Northouse, 2007). Concern for people refers to how a leader attends to the people in the organization who are trying to achieve its goals. This concern includes building organizational commitment and trust, promoting the personal worth of employees, providing good working conditions, maintaining a fair salary structure, and promoting good social relations (Blake & Mouton,1964) (Northouse, 2007). The grid theory breaks behavior down into seven key elements such as initiative, inquiry, advocacy, decision making, conflict resolution, resilience, and critique. Initiative...
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...Financial and Managerial accounting are used for making sound financial decisions about an organization. They provide information of past quantitative financial activities and are useful in making future economic decisions. (Albrecht, Stice, Stice, & Skousen, 2002) The same financial data is used to derive reports for each accounting process yet they differ in some ways. Financial accounting primarily provides external reports for external users such as stock holders, creditors, regulating authority and others. (Garrison, Noreen, & Brewer, 2010) On the other hand Managerial accounting is concern with providing information that deals with the internal viability of the organization and is tailored to meet the needs of an individual organization. (Albrecht, Stice, Stice, & Skousen, 2002) Managerial Accounting addresses those aspects that relates to an individual organization return on investments (ROI). (Albrecht, Stice, Stice, & Skousen, 2002) A company’s profitability depends on periodic attention to its assets turnover and profit margin. This process is designed to support the de... ... middle of paper ... ...egulator or auditor is going to insist that a company implement a good management accounting system. (Garrison, Noreen, & Brewer, 2010) The choice of how to collect and utilize information in a company is strictly management’s decision and is a part of the company’s competitive strategy. Financial and Managerial accounting are used for making sound financial...
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