...Brooke Bragenzer Period 2 New Zealand Colonization The history of New Zealand dates back at least 700 years to when it was discovered and settled by Polynesians, who developed a distinct Māori culture centered on kinship links and land. The first European explorer to sight New Zealand was Abel Janszoon Tasman on 13 December 1642. Captain James Cook, who reached New Zealand in October 1769 on the first of his three voyages, was the first European explorer to circumnavigate and map New Zealand Polynesian Settlement Aotearoa (the Maori name for New Zealand, which translates as 'Land of the Long White Cloud') was first settled by Maori between 950 and 1130 AD. Highly sophisticated ocean navigators, Maori journeyed south through the Pacific from their original homeland, Hawaiiki (believed to be near Tahiti), to their new home of Aotearoa. Aotearoa possessed a more temperate climate than their original Pacific Island home, with no indigenous mammals (aside from the native bat) to hunt for food. Bird and marine life was plentiful however, and Maori also began to cultivate kumara, taro and yam. Isolated from other Polynesian peoples by thousands of miles of ocean, Maori developed a unique and vibrant culture of their own, reflecting their natural environment and affinity with the land. Maori, the tangata whenua (people of the land) were the only inhabitants of New Zealand for over 600 years, until the arrival of European explorers in the mid 1600s. European Exploration In...
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...II. the Spirit of the thing given (Maori) Taonga- in Maori culture is a treasured thing, whether tangible or intangible. * The taonga are, at any rate with the Maori, closely attached to the individual, the clan, and the land. * In a proverb collected by Sir G. Grey and C. O. Davis the taonga are implored to destroy the individual who has accepted them; and they have the power to do this if the law, or rather the obligation, about making a return gift is not observed. * Colenso: ‘they had a kind of system of exchange, or rather of giving presents which had later to be exchanged or repaid. * ‘I shall tell you about the hau. Hau is not the wind. Not at all. Suppose that you possess a particular object, taonga, and you give it to me; you give it to me without a price. We do not bargain over it. Now I give this thing to a third person who after a time decides to give me something in repayment for it, and he makes me a present of something (taonga). Now this taonga I received from him is the spirit (hau) of the taonga received from you and which I passed on to him. The taonga which I receive on account of the taonga that came from you, I must return to you. It would not be right on my part to keep these taonga whether they were desirable or not. I must give them to you since they are the hau of the taonga which you gave me. If I were to keep this second taonga for myself I might become ill or even die. Such is hau, the hau of personal property, the hau of the taonga...
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... | | Word count 603 | Te Ao Māori For Māori, the sun rising in the east, moving slowly across the sky and setting in the west, signifies the birth and growth of mana or power, throughout the world. For many, it is a symbol of birth, life and death, resurrected daily, as a reminder of our existence. Māori believe that everything is interrelated, be it people, fish, animals, birds, trees, even the mountains and the weather. These relationships were told in various kōrero tawhito, or stories of the past and are referred to as whakapapa, meaning to lay one thing upon another (Barlow, 1994). Everything has a whakapapa, a genealogical descent of all living things, from the atua, the gods to the present time (Barlow, 1994). These relationships helped Māori to act accordingly and to understand the world they lived in. For Māori, their world view changed when they first arrived in Aotearoa New Zealand, and had to adapt to life in a new world. Their diet changed dramatically as their normal diet relied heavily on plants and vegetables. Here in Aotearoa New Zealand there was an abundance of meat and fish. The crops they normally grew, were not used to the climate. They had to learn what plants they could eat and grow. The Māori world view changed even more with the arrival of whalers, their first contact with European people. The introduction of disease had a dramatic effect on Māori causing many deaths. Europeans partnering with Māori women, leading to intermarriage, and ultimately...
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...and fine arts including: music, art, dance, and drama. A haka is a traditional dance performed by Maori men and women. Maori haka is performed for many reasons, celebrating success, welcoming distinguished guests, or as a pre-battle challenge (Maori, People & Culture n.d.). Before the White Men also known as the pakeha descended upon Aotearoa, now known as New Zealand, everything was passed orally from one generation to the next, this meant legends, rituals, songs, dances, beliefs of any kind were passed from father to son and mother to daughter. According to "Maori People & Culture" (n.d.), The most recognized of those traditions is the “Haka” - a war dance and a traditional genre of Maori dance. Warriors before a battle, in an effort to show their strength and in hopes of intimidating the enemy performed the Haka. Every part of the body meaning the hands, arms, legs or even eyes and tongue were used to demonstrate and give representation to the many types of instruments and emotions, connected to a specific occasion. According to Armstrong, (2005) in his book Maori Games & Instruction “It is disciplined, yet emotional. More than any other aspect of Maori culture, this complex dance is an expression of the vigor, passion and identity of the race. It is at its best, truly, a message of the soul expressed by posture and words.” Key elements in the Maori haka are pukana, the dilating of the eyes, whetero, a protruding tongue which is performed by men only, ngangahu...
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...Cover Page: 1. Change layout Inside Cover Page: 1. Add… (He Oranga Pounamu Info) Page 1: 1. Change picture ? 2. Add… Nāu te raurau Nāku te raurau Ka ora ai te iwi. With your basket and my basket The people will thrive. Page 2: 1. Add... He rā ki tua. Everyday is a new day. Page 3: 1. Add... Kia atawhai ki te tangata. Show kindness to others. 2. Change picture Page 4: 1. Add heading... WHAKARONGO MAI 2. Add... Kia whakarongo pīkari ngā taringa. Listen like nestlings awaiting the parent bird. Page 5: 1. Change picture 2. Add... Aroha mai, aroha atu. Compassion received, compassion returned. Page 6: 1. Take out picture 2. Add... Kā taero o Tū te Koropaka The obstacles on our path Page 7: 1. Take out picture 2. Add... Tangata ako ana i te whare, te tūranga ki te marae, tau ana. A person who is taught at home, will stand collected on the Marae. Do the right thing. Page 8: 1. Change picture 2. Add... Ahakoa he iti te matakahi, Ka pakaru i a i a te tōtara. Although the wedge is small, by it the tōtara tree will be shattered. Every little thing can make a difference. Page 9: 1. Change picture 2. Add... “Anei tātou nā ko te po; ana tātou nā he rā ki tua” Here we are in the night, and the day is yet to come. Page 10: 1. Add... He rau ringa e oti ai. With many hands the work will be done. Page 11: 1. Add... Ruia taitea, ruia taitea, kia tū...
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...This essay analyzes Hauora issues of Maori people in New Zealand, providing the most fundamental and crucial elements and moments of its continuous effects from the colonial era until now. In this essay I mainly discuss about the issues of the Maori health before colonization, during colonization, and after colonization. I had used the different methods of research to analyze the data for the issues of Maori health. The research methods used are complete online research method text, course resources and reading and analyzing data from different books as literary review. A systematic review of the literature was undertaken to locate relevant information on Maori health. The review formed the body of work on which this essay was based. The literature search was limited to work published between 1900 and 2010 in six subject areas: Maori health in early 1900 till present day, Maori concepts and models, Maori health models, Maori and disability, Treaty of Waitangi and Maori health. The databases searched included all of the New Zealand university library catalogues, the City Library and Google Scholar. Sources that appeared to be relevant were entered into the Reference. In 1769 James Cook concluded that Maori were healthy race .Prior to settlement by Europeans, Maori had been protected from many illnesses because of New Zealand’s Isolation from the large population centers of the world. Now a day’s Maori are recognized as being over represented statistically in poor health issues...
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...Running Head: MAORI Page 1 The Mighty Maori Ericka Silva ANT101 Intro to Cultural Anthropology Katie Custer Mar. 4, 2013 Running Head: MAORI Page 2 The Mighty Maori The Maori were people that were said to have come from Tahiti and arrived in New Zealand in the 14th Century time frame. They came in what was called “the seven canoes of the great fleet”. (Latham, C; 1996) They are considered to be Polynesians and originally had found their home in the top parts of New Zealand. They are what we call “foragers” in the Anthropology world. Foragers are those cultures that hunt and gather from the land in which they live on. (Nowak, B/Laird, P; 2010) In the following pages I will describe how this culture lived and survived. I will describe how their ways of life were and events that came about. In 1350 they were a tribe that migrated from the Polynesian islands and had made their way to New Zealand. These foragers came in a mass group and were mostly hunters and fishermen. When they migrated they had brought their own plants and animals that they had domesticated themselves. Unfortunately most of it did not make it through the travel because the climates were too different and the animals and plants were not used to the new land. For many centuries these people survived and flourished in their new land. The Maori have a unique way of believing that there are supernatural ways that help them. They believed in the spiritual aspect of things from...
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...Maori Body Ornaments and Jewelry Introduction New Zealand is an island located in the Pacific Ocean. This island consists of a very interesting group of people called the Maori. The Maori people are Polynesian decent. People who are Polynesian are usually people who come from the islands and have the same morals, values, beliefs and also the same language. The Maori people consist of just that. The Maori believe in many different origins and they have many traditional attributions that flow deeply into their cultural beliefs. One of the Maori’s cultural and traditional activities is creating body ornaments and jewelry. If not some but all of the Maori body ornaments and jewelry have a story, religious meaning or historic attribute towards that item in particular. The Maori make their jewelry with passion and strength, it also lets a strong awareness come about it. Maori designs are very harmonious with its crafters tradition and beliefs. Body Ornaments and Jewelry The Maori people are a very distinctive and decorative race. They have a very interesting way of expressing themselves. They have very distinctive cultural tattoos, somewhat unusual body piercings, and handcrafted jewelry(Deluxe Templates,2009). The handcrafted body ornaments and jewelry play a very important role in the Maori culture(pp.3). Each piece is made with a lot of time, effort, passion, strength, love, a lot of a detail and precision. During the 10th century, the Maori made spectacular achievements...
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...Brandon DeJesus 02/06/14 Music’s of the World Thomas Bingham The Haka The Haka, or dance of war, is an ancient Maori dance used to demonstrate a tribes pride, strength, and unity. The Haka was performed for many different occasions in Maori culture, but is most known for its use in pre-battle ritual. Its purpose on the battlefield was to intimidate the opposition before the battle has started. In modern day society the Haka has been reformed into a different meaning. It is now widely renowned as a pregame ritual for the New Zealand rugby team the All Blacks, and has previously been called “the greatest ritual in all of sports.” The Haka origin date is still unknown, but it grew to be known worldwide in the early 1900’s when it was introduced as a pregame ritual by the New Zealand rugby union team. Haka such as the “Ka Mate” and “Tena Koe Kangaroo” became a pregame tradition for all rugby teams in New Zealand. These teams looked forward to not only perform the Haka, but to also show off to their fans. Many fans of rugby tend to revere the All Blacks as the best rugby club in the world. Fans of rugby all over the world watch in awe as the best team in the world performs the most intense pregame ritual known to man. Many fans demonstrate their loyalty to their favorite teams by performing what is now known as a Flash Haka. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=puXad30DSfg This video demonstrates the amount of pride and loyalty fans have in their team. Many...
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...Whale Rider Themes In the film the Whale Rider, the once complimentary narratives that governed the Maori culture: Gender, Identity, and Traditions are competing against one another. The fundamental elements of these narrative has stayed unchanged; However, some characters are interpreting these liturgies to their own personal narratives, causing conflict within the Maori Culture. Synopsis of film During a time of modernization, poverty, and the decentralization of the role the Maori culture play in the people lives, one local leader (Koro) looked upon Hope in a form of a prophet. According to the Maori's traditions, the ancient ancestor Paikea descendants: the eldest son are the rightful tribe leader and will centralize the community again...
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...approaches into my field of practice in the drug and alcohol sector. The key points I have covered include: Partnership, culture history, building rapport with a client, body language, protection, Te Whare Tapa Wha, participation and kanui to kanui. The primary basic for biculturalism in New Zealand is the Treaty of Waitangi a historical document of agreement signed between Maori and the Crown in 1840. The Treaty of Waitangi can provide all New Zealanders, especially those seeking equity, with clear guidance and support to reflect the three Treaty principles of partnership, protection, and participation. In the New Zealand Association of Counselors code of ethics they make mention to the Treaty of Waitangi. “Counselors shall seek to be inform about the meaning and implications of the Treaty of Waitangi for their work. They shall understand the principles of protection, participation and partnership with Maori” I feel that protection, participation and partnership should be the keys things that I look at when setting up a bi-cultural practice because it is not only about needs but also it is the right that all Maori and Pakeha have guaranteed to them by the virtue of the treaty of Waitangi. First I will look at Partnership this is one of the core values in the code of ethics for counselors. A partnership involves working together with all cultures, understanding differences, working together in separate roles, respecting each other’s values and beliefs, developing...
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...When dealing with two vastly separate cultures from different worlds, it becomes apparent how things can get misconstrued. Te Triti O Waitangi is the starting point of a complex piece of Aotearoa history. This essay gives a short commentary on the context around the signing of Te Tiriti. It includes the articles and inconsistencies between the documents. Further discussion identifies breaches of Te Tiriti in regards to health and the consequences for Maori. Finally the potential role that Te Tiriti plays in the health recovery for Maori concludes this dialogue. Prior to European in Aotearoa, Māori lived successfully. Comprehensive histories, legends and ancestral links were recited daily in this oral culture (Selby & Laurie, 2005). Explorer Cook established mutually valuable contact with the natives and this was time of great economic development for Māori (Orange, 1990). Trading and bartering increased as Whalers, Sealers and others called to renew supplies. Kororareka became a well-known stop for sailors, gaining the nickname, “hell hole of the pacific” as lawlessness and brothels thrived (Walker, 1990). Māori had concerns that Pakeha were becoming progressively unruly and compelled Pakeha leaders to control their people. James Busby was consigned by the Crown to establish order and govern the settlers. With concerns of Frenchman Charles de Thierry’s desire to claim Aotearoa (State Services Commission, 2005, p. 17), Busby persuaded 34 chiefs to sign a Declaration of...
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...this reflection wave tool represented me as a boatie in the beginning, because the importance of Tino rangatiratanga and Kawanatanga has a pivotal value in Maori culture. Tino rangatirtanga stand in contrast to Kawanatanga, which Maori have always seen as given only limited power to the crown. The word Rangatiratanga drives from the word Rangatira which is translated as chief who has authority, responsibility and absolute sovereignty. This term (Tino ranagatiratanga) was used in 1835 during the declaration of independence which recognized New Zealand to be a independent nation. Where power and authority rested with the rangatira. When the Treaty of Waitangi was signed in 1840, the term Tino rangatiratanga was also used with the promise that it would be guaranteed to Maori that Rangatira and Iwi retaining full chieftainship of their land,their villages, and all their tanoga including the Maori way of life. Feelings: In this paragraph, I would describe my feelings. After reading the context of the story of treaty, I felt that how British government invade New Zealand and made promises for equal rights, independence, customs, and life style to Maori but ignored that promises later and buy almost all of their land by enforcing their own laws. Evaluation: In this context, I evaluate that how the people of different cultures (Maori and Pakeha) were agreed for signing the “ The Treaty of Waitangi” in 1860 and made promises for providing equal rights to each individual of the country...
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...Maori Health Questions 1. Ko Jane toku ingoa No Korea ahau Kei Auckland aku matua, e noho ana inaianei He intern pharmacist ahau. No reira, tena kotou, tena koutou, tena koutou katoa. 2. The concept is to introduce myself by first relating my place in the world and then who I am. It is to explain which culture and background I am from. 3.The Maori practiced public health by unwritten regulatory system enforced by shred beliefs and communal integrity. The philosophy supporting this system depended on all things being distinguished as either noa or tapu. Maori believed disobedience of the tapu resulted in rebuke, mental suffering and even physical consequences such as body wasting and death. Definition of Noa: It is the freedom of mind and spirit that comes about through being acknowledged, enhanced, restored and healed. In the negative sense, it is the state of diminished tapu, of weakness and powerless resulting from violation. Definition of Tapu: Restrictions and prohibitions that protect tapu( welling, dignity, and sacredness) from violation. Psycological, emotional, spiritual and cultural wellbeing. Dignity and sacredness. 4. Tohunga is healers who were well respected and very knowledgeable leaders alongside the rangatira. Tohunga manage the differences between tapu and noa. Some skillful tohunga addressed physical symptoms as well as the underlying spiritual cause. The rangatira are political leaders or chiefs. 5. Because Europeans did not hold...
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...Office. New Zealanders praised the film with most reviews receiving a high rating. When opened internationally it grossed over $2 million with reviews also achieving a high rating. Although most international reviews fail to see the message from the violence compared to local reviews, they seem to view the violence as nauseating and unnecessary while New Zealand sees it as strong message to the public. Strong examples of this are Mark Tierney, Lizzie Francke and David Stratton from New Zealand, and Kenneth Turan from America who had a strong opinion on the movie’s brutal violence leading him to give it a bad review therefore missing the didactic message of the film. Once Were Warriors is a film based from the novel of the same name, about a Maori family living in Auckland after moving away from tribal elders over a disagreement over their marriage. The main settings are the Heke’s house and the local bar both housing drunken violence. Beth Heke (Rena Owen) is the victim of domestic abuse from her husband Jake Heke (Temurea Morrison) leading her to question the relationship and stand up to Jake while also trying to sort family relations. There are many sub-plots in the film which affect the children, such as Boggy’s journey to adulthood, Nig’s gang initiation, and Grace’s struggle with depression. The main theme that appears through the main plot and sub-plots is violence, an example is the domestic violence of Beth and Jake which bounced onto Grace and with the event of Grace’s rape...
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