...As media becomes an ever more powerful force in shaping the world's perception of itself, an individual's struggle to maintain a unique identity and self-understanding apart from media influence becomes increasingly difficult. Damaging to the idea of the self are the racial, gendered, and class-based stereotypes (always artificial and frequently physically, fiscally, and emotionally unattainable), which are broadly perpetuated and, because of their persistence, are apparently not broadly questioned. The prevalence and power of gender (especially female) stereotypes in the media are addressed in this paper. Heightened public awareness of both the existence of and potential damage caused by these stereotypes is essential if they are to be eliminated. Frequently, though, they are difficult to combat and even to identify because of the ways in which they are presented. Overwhelming amounts of time and energy are devoted to uplifting a small, specially selected portion of the population as models of physical perfection. These individuals are, predominantly, television and movie celebrities, fashion models, and sports figures. The glamorous ways in which these occupations are portrayed by the media are seemingly impossible to separate from the physical appearance of the people who hold them. The glamour that surrounds the media presentation of the lives and careers of these individuals extends, not surprisingly, to the clothes that they wear and the way that they look. In fact, so...
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...Introduction The Modern Society of today cares about their physical appearance to some extent that, sometimes one ought to ask whether these are very important than what is inside us. The media has branded the idea on people’s minds. While magazines and television certainly heighten their consciousness of looks. There can be no doubt that most people in the world would like to be physically attractive. In their quest to look good on the outside, they sometimes do forget about some serious issues within their selves. Many spend a great deal of time and money doing all they can to make their appearance appealing to others. For a lot it would have to be said that it’s an inordinate amount of time and money and that it is an obsession it’s just because that people feel a responsibility to fit into today's society, they want to look as better as possible due to the outside influences one has. People’s desire for physical beauty, while shaped and polished by the superficial media culture rather than just having a nice personality, actually has deeper roots in who they are. This desire for physical appearance is an original human feeling, like the desire for food, nurturing, or happiness according to Studies. In this times this even includes surgical procedures to correct perceived faults in the face or body they have been given. Before, only the rich and famous people or those with severe deformities, birthmarks and injuries would have any kind of cosmetic surgery. Now it’s becoming...
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...that can occur such as in the case of seeing a name on a resume. An individual with a perceivably attractive name may be more apt to gain employment than one with a less desirable name (Gueguen & Pascual, 2011). Upon first impression, judgments are made about personality traits such as friendliness, attractiveness, intelligence, and honesty or even reliability (Mahrabian, 200I; Steel & Smithwick, 1989; Aura & Hess, 2008). So, what makes one name more desirable than another? Coleman, Hargreaves & Sluckin (1980) determined that one particular psychological aspect determining name likeableness is familiarity based on commonality (Karlin & Bell, 1995). Albert Mahrabian (1990) developed an approach he used to measure attractive versus unattractive name connotation (additional idea or emotion connected with a word): the Name Connotation Profile model. The four evaluation traits of the NCP model are: 1- “Successful” indicating competence, 2 – “Moral” indicating trustworthiness, 3 – “Popular/Warm/Cheerful” indicating likeableness, and 4 – “Masculine/Feminine” indicating culturally accepted norms for gender. Mahrabian (1997) also compared name attractiveness impressions between genders and found that they were comparatively consistent with cultural expectations of men and women. Men’s names were consistently associated with Masculine-Successful traits and women's names with Ethical-Caring traits. Garwood, Cox, Kaplan, Wasserman & Sulzer (1980) scrutinized...
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...Extra Credit Summary Response to Beauty and the Labor Market It is apparent from this article that physical attractiveness plays a part in the wage earnings of Americans. While evidence is not necessarily strong because of other unknown characteristics, there is enough data to support that good looking people make more money than homely looking people and good looking people are usually placed where their looks are productive. This research supports that there should be more focus on the issue of discrimination whether it be because of race, disability, or level of attractiveness. I believe there is discrimination based on appearance in certain sectors of the workforce. To go even further, I believe some non-traditional sectors may discriminate depending on their location in the U.S. There are certain sectors like education, medicine, and health and wellness that don’t usually discriminate. Other sectors like hospitality and media do discriminate on appearance. The education sector is not usually one to discriminate on physical appearance; intelligence is usually the key factor on whether or not you’re hired and how much your salary is. But in certain schools, administrators may only hire a “certain look”. I guess it depends on the sector you work in whether or not appearance should decide wages/salaries. In a profession with the media, the attractive people get the parts in shows, videos, etc, and are therefore paid based on how much people find them attractive...
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...DigitalCommons@USU Family, Consumer, and Human Development Faculty Publications 12-1-1995 Family, Consumer, and Human Development, Department of Sexual Selection, Physical Attractiveness, and Facial Neoteny: Cross-cultural Evidence and Implications [and Comments and Reply] Doug Jones C. Loring Brace William Jankowiak Kevin N. Laland Lisa E. Musselman See next page for additional authors Recommended Citation Musselman, L. E., Langlois, J. H., & Roggman, L. A. (1996). Comment on: Sexual selection, physical attractiveness, and facial neoteny: Cross-cultural evidence and implications, by Doug Jones. Current Anthropology, 37, 739-740. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Family, Consumer, and Human Development, Department of at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Family, Consumer, and Human Development Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact digitalcommons@usu.edu. Authors Doug Jones, C. Loring Brace, William Jankowiak, Kevin N. Laland, Lisa E. Musselman, Judith H. Langlois, Lori A. Roggman, Daniel Pérusse, Barbara Schweder, and Donald Symons This article is available at DigitalCommons@USU: http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/fchd_facpub/602 Sexual Selection, Physical Attractiveness, and Facial Neoteny: Cross-cultural Evidence and Implications [and Comments and Reply] Author(s): Doug Jones, C. Loring Brace, William Jankowiak, Kevin N. Laland, Lisa E...
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...Personality and Individual Differences 43 (2007) 2105–2115 www.elsevier.com/locate/paid Narcissism, vanity, personality and mating effort Vincent Egan *, Cara McCorkindale Department of Psychology, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow G4 0BA, Scotland, United Kingdom Received 10 November 2006; received in revised form 19 June 2007; accepted 27 June 2007 Available online 15 August 2007 Abstract The current study examined the relationship between narcissism and vanity, and the degree these are predicted by the ‘Big Five’ personality traits and mating effort (ME) using a sample of 103 females recruited from a large beauty salon. Narcissism correlated with vanity at 0.72 (P < 0.001), and was associated positively with extraversion (E), ME and the subscales of vanity; narcissism was associated negatively with neuroticism (N) and agreeableness (A). Vanity correlated positively with E, conscientiousness, both subscales of narcissism, and ME, and negatively with N and A. A composite narcissism–vanity score was produced using principal components analysis, and used along with scores from the NEO-FFI-R to predict mating effort. The narcissism–vanity composite, low A and E significantly and independently predicted mating effort (adjusted R2 = 0.28, F(9.96) = 7.74, P < 0.001). These results show that mating effort is additionally predicted by narcissism as well as self-reported personality. Ó 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Narcissism; Personality;...
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...INTRODUCTION: Two friends were going for an interview board in a call centre company. Both of them were well dressed up and did everything they could to give a best presentation in the interview board in front of the officials. Of the two friends one had a very good CGPA and the other was ranked average. The one with good CGPA also had little previous experience in the related kind of jobs but the other friend was a novice. So, taking the best preparation for the interview both the friends faced the interview board. Both of them did well in the interview. But when the results were out, the novice friend with an average CGPA got the job but the other friend did not did not get the job. Here I want to raise my point “looks” does it really matter in professional life? Now from the above story line if any one comes to the conclusion that good looks get more priority than academic qualifications in professional life, he or she is just coming to the conclusion in a superficial manner. On the other hand you can’t also assume that success only depends on academic qualification because it is a very controversial topic and many believe that success never depends upon only good grades. There point of view is that if success and opportunities were measured by grades then the corporate world would not ask for bio-data in resumes, where other qualifications are also mentioned. Nor would they interview the prospects in order to find out what they are like as people, rather they would give...
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...good education level. | Aspirations for matching the social status at par with NRI relatives. Need Rugged car along with Luxary for rural roads. | 6.25 | Segment 4 | Living in Bombay | Age 25 - 40 year | Successful TV/Movie actors | Having a requirement of stylish expensive car to match the standards of their public image | 4.85 | Assumptions * Car is best in class engineering. * Car has best looks in luxury segment. Selected Segment attractiveness factors 1. Potential segment size 2. growth potential 3. Profit potential 4. Competitive intensity 5. Cyclicality Weighting segment attractiveness factors Segmemt attractiveness factors | Weight | Volume growth potential | 30 | Profit Potential | 25 | Potential segment size | 20 | Competitive intensity | 15 | Cyclicality | 10 | Total | 100 | Parameters and their scores for segment attractiveness factors | Parameters | Parameters | Parameters | Segment Attractiveness factors | High (10-7) | Medium (6-4) | Low (3-0) | Volume growth potential | Industry Avg + 3 % |...
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...cosmetics. In which I am betting she doesn’t even use herself, because if there is a flaw in her mind she corrects it with surgery, so why does she need cosmetics? I think that her self-esteem is still extremely low even after all the surgeries and it has been from the start. The physical attractiveness of a person influences every individual throughout every community, across the United States and around the world. All people inherit and alter their physical attractiveness, which is determined by complex, interdependent, physical, and non-physical factors. Hidden and not-hidden values drive thoughts and actions with significant effects and realities whereby higher physical attractiveness is beneficial, lower physical attractiveness is detrimental and associated pursuits are relentless. Physical attractiveness may look skin-deep as a surface aspect of appearance, but looks can be deceiving. Researchers throughout the world collect empirical data complemented with anecdotal data to probe beyond the surfaces. Through investigations that meet meticulous scientific methodological procedures, acute observations reveal previously undetected dimensions that advance understanding about physical attractiveness (Patzer, 2006). I think the mass media has a huge influence on her. Even according her, she wants to look like Barbie “I looked at a Barbie doll when I was 6 and said, ‘This is what I want to look like.’ She spent $100,000 on the operations because she ‘wanted to look better’, “Barbie...
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...Attractiveness: The Human Capital Attractiveness: The Human Capital In recent years there has been much research to support the fact that physical attractiveness can greatly influence an individual’s employment opportunities. Beginning at a very early age, young children can and do notice the attractiveness of both peers and adults; and subconsciously base decisions on these factors. This trend continues throughout adolescence and into adulthood where an individual’s outward appearance can greatly influence a superior’s impression and perceived social value of the individual. From a very early age, young children are able to perceive the attractiveness of their peers. Judgments made based off of physical appearance can be seen in children as young as four years old. In a study conducted at the University of Toronto, young children were asked to nominate peers who they believed exhibited specific social behaviors such as aggressiveness, independence, friendliness, etc. The children had no prior contact with each other yet in nearly every case the less attractive children were associated with the negative attributes, while the more attractive children the positive attributes. (Dion & Berscheid, 1974) Similar to the results of the children’s peer study, teachers can also be influenced by the physical characteristics of their students. In an article published by Richard Tompkins and Myron Boor, an experiment designed to test the effects...
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...In this interesting field study by Dutton and Aron (1974), a variety of experiments determine whether high-anxiety situations caused an increase in sexual attraction. It means that sexual attractions increase vigorously due to strong emotion. People will have higher attraction when they cross on a fear-inducing bridge. In this experiment, young man crossed a bridge, which more than 200 feet above a river. After that, woman asked ask male to fill out a survey. When they had finished, the woman wrote cell phone number and her name on a piece of paper. Moreover, she invited them to call her if they felt interested. More than 50% of people called back her after they crossed the bridge. On the other way, significantly less people called back her if they crossed on a low solid bridge. The result showed that misattribution of arousal occurs. It is a term in psychology which describes the process of people makes a mistake when they feel aroused. People felt arousal due to the height of the bridge. They misattributed it as romantic or sexual attraction to the woman. As a result, those are more likely to call her. Arousal caused by the height of this bridge was misattributed as attraction by the male who were interviewed by an attractive female when they crossed it. In my view, emotion is combination of cognition and arousal. Initially, I think that I process emotional experiences in straightforward way. I find the target and then emotion created. For example, I had something made me...
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...Christina Tellez English V01A Heather Aguailar 19 March 2014 Women- “the less attractive” In today’s society, women are held to an extremely unfair standard. Women are perceived through an image of appearance not an image of character. If women do not meet a certain appearance standard they are looked down upon because they are what society considers “less attractive." Doesn’t matter what type of personality “the less attractive” has because most people won’t give “the less attractive” the time of day to find out, unless they are in some way socially interacted by work or school but even then they are usually looked at as a second option. What exactly is the deciding factor to be in an attractive standard as a woman? Susie Orbach, author of “Fat is a Feminist Issue,” states that women must have good looks and a pleasuring manner. Orbach states, “To do this she must look appealing, earthy, sensual, sexual, virginal, innocent, reliable, daring, mysterious, coquettish, and thin” (451). This standard of having to look attractive that the media portrays is sending women all over the world a wrong and unhealthy message. Fifty thousand per million Americans suffer from eating disorders, trying to fit in, not realizing the harms that it can bring. The media should portray a positive image like instead of trying to be attractive, just try to be healthy. Women are held to unhealthy circumstances, they are being targeted to make unhealthy body decisions because of what they...
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...Venus “Women are from Venus and men are from Mars”, an old saying indicating the different gender roles assigned to each sex. Advertisements can greatly influence people’s perception of these gender roles by either promoting them or altering them. Regardless, many advertisements today tend to keep women confined to their gender roles, which “tells women that their role in life is to be sexually attractive to men” (Maasik and Solomon 562). In Venus’ advertisement for its new product, the “Embrace,” women are encouraged to accept the gender code and exert it as a form of empowerment. In the advertisement for Venus’ new shaving razor, the “Embrace”, a young white couple is shown being intimate with each other at a beach. The female is blonde, slender, and physically very attractive and is sporting a provocative blue two piece bikini. She is being carried by the man who is lean, has short dark hair and wearing tan khaki shorts with his face away from the camera. Her arms are positioned around his neck and her legs tightly latched on around his waist. They are gazing directly into each other’s eyes and in the moment, very happy. To the right of this image is a picture of the product itself and the words “Goddess of Never Letting Go” and the Venus trademark with the words “Reveal the Goddess in You” below it. At first glance, the woman in the ad seems to fit the description of the “Man’s Woman” (Craig 206) perfectly in that she is “physically attractive, slim, young and white...
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...ABSTRACT by john T APPEARANCE and Politica Success It is common for people to mistake appearance for looks. Looks are what you were born with; appearance is how you manage and present those looks; however ordinary or extraordinary they may be. From that perspective, it really does not matter what you look like in terms of constructing and presenting a winning appearance. According to an article by Business Insider, success also relies on how one is perceived. Studies show that looks can play an important factor in career advancement. Researchers have found that physical traits like facial structure, hair color, and weight can all affect a person’s pay check. Men who are at least 6′ tall make an average salary of $5,525 more than their shorter, 5’5 counterparts, says Harvard University. Another study took a poll of fortune 500 companies CEOs and on average, male CEOs were three inches taller than the average man at just under 6′.For every three inches taller than average they are, women earn 5 to 8 percent more money than women of average height. Symmetry is a sign of perceived beauty and people who are attractive make a considerable amount more than everyone else. Rick Wilson of Rice University studied “Fiscal Attraction.” He found a correlation between good looks and success. He found that the better a person looks, the more other people trust them. One finding in particular showed that the more people smiled, they more they were seen as trustworthy over those who kept...
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...Mainstream can be defined as products and services that are readily available and appealing to the general public. This is as opposed to being of interest only to a very specific subset of the public. As you watch and listen to commercials on television and radios, you are been thrown into the world of advertising. Companies around the world depend on advertising to sell and market their products. One of the most notable advertisement plots out now is the Geico commercial, which uses persuasion to lure you into purchasing their insurance. Their best advertisement to date is the hump day camel commercial. The general idea of this commercial is to infuse a mid-week metaphor with the physical appearance of a camel in hopes of grabbing your attention while making you laugh. Begin to pay attention closely to the commercials you see and you will notice how they all use certain tactics to market and sell products to buyers. Both Secret and Old Spice use sex appeal, movement and tone to attract consumers. These are some key factors used to gain the consumers attention, which prompts their interest for potential buying. Both commercials used attractive persons as the main focal point showing that as vain as it may seem people are attracted to attractive people. As observed in the Secret commercial it was fun and flirty it showed how the man and woman took interest in one another even though their dancing took a spontaneous course across the floor. You can also take notice of the fact...
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