Political System and Development:

Politics in Jamaica takes place in the framework of a representative parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The 1962 Constitution of Jamaica established a parliamentary state whose political and legal traditions closely follow those of the United Kingdom. As the head of state, Queen Elizabeth II - on the advice of the Prime Minister of Jamaica - appoints a governor general as her representative in Jamaica. The governor-general has a largely ceremonial role. Jamaica constitutes an independent Commonwealth realm.
The Constitution vests executive power in the cabinet, led by the Prime Minister. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested both in the government and in the Parliament of Jamaica.
A bipartisan joint committee of the Jamaican legislature drafted Jamaica's current Constitution in 1962. That Constitution came into force with the Jamaica Independence Act, 1962 of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which gave Jamaica political independence. Constitutional safeguards include freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of worship, freedom of movement, and freedom of association.
The judiciary operates independently of the executive and the legislature, with jurisprudence based on English Common Law.

The governor-general is largely a ceremonial figure who appoints the prime minister and senate seats through the advice of parliament and the prime minister. The prime minister exercises executive power along with appointing cabinet members.
The governor-general is appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the prime minister. Following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party, or the leader of the majority coalition, in the house of representatives is appointed prime minister by the governor-general.

Portia Lucretia Simpson-Miller has been Prime Minister of Jamaica since 5 January 2012. Previously she served as Prime Minister from March 2006 to September 2007. She is the leader of the People's National Party,

The People's National Party (PNP) is a social-democratic political party in Jamaica founded in 1938. It currently holds a majority in the House of Representatives with 42 of the 63 seats, as well as a majority of local government bodies with 151 of the 228 divisions. The party isdemocratic socialist by constitution,[8] but has embraced policies of neoliberalism since it was elected to govern in 1989.

Jamaica Labor Party
It currently sits in Opposition in the Parliament, having won 21 of the 63 parliamentary seats in the lower house of parliament.

Cultural analysis

Much of Jamaica's black population are of African or partially African descent with many being able to trace their origins to West Africa as well as Europe and Asia.
Asians form the second largest group. Most are descended from indentured workers brought by the British colonial government to fill labor shortages following the abolishment of slavery in 1838.
In recent years, immigration has increased, coming mainly from China, Haiti, Cuba, Colombia, andLatin America; 20,000 Latin Americans reside in Jamaica. About 7,000 Americans also reside in Jamaica, as well as many first-generation American, British and Canadians of Jamaican descent.
A study found that the average admixture on the island was 78.3% Sub-Saharan African, 16.0% European, and 5.7% East Asian
Jamaica is regarded as a bilingual country, with two major languages in use by the population. The official language is Jamaican Standard English, which is "used in all domains of public life", including the government, the legal system, the media, and education.[61] However, the primary spoken language is an English-based creole called Jamaican Patois (or Patwa).

Jamaican culture represents a combination of cultures that have inhabited the island. The original TainoSettlers, followed by their Spanish conquerors (who were in turn were conquered by the British), all made major contributions. Black slaves became the dominant cultural force as they suffered and resisted the harsh conditions of forced labour.

Most popular sport is cricket, soccer, widespread practice of track and field athletics.In Jamaica involvement in athletics begins at a very young age and most high schools maintain rigorous athletics programs with their top athletes competing in national competitions

By far, the largest religion in Jamaica is the Christian faith. The Anglican Church, Catholic Church, Baptists and the Church of God are present throughout the country. Many old churches have been carefully maintained and/or restored. The Rastafari movement is a derivative of the larger Christian culture, but its origins were influenced by rising consciousness of Africa and an awareness of political events in that continent.

Though a small nation, Jamaican culture has a strong global presence. The musical genres reggae, ska,mento, rocksteady, dub, and, more recently, dancehall and ragga all originated in the island's vibrant, popular urban recording industry.

Marcus Mosiah Garvey, Jr., (17 August 1887 – 10 June 1940),[1] was a Jamaican political leader, publisher, journalist, entrepreneur, and orator who was a massive proponent of the Black Nationalism and Pan-Africanism movements, to which end he founded theUniversal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL.He founded the Black Star Line, which promoted the return of the African diaspora to their ancestral lands.