...research design? a. Research design should be the first consideration in a research project. b. Research design decisions should be made after data analysis. c. Research design should be selected during the initial meeting with a client. d. Research design should be selected after thoroughly considering the problem and research objectives. e. Research designs should be made after data collection. Answer: (d) Difficulty: (Moderate) Page: 116 3. Which of the following is the best description of research design? a. a set of advance decisions that makes up the master plan specifying the methods and procedures for collecting and analyzing the needed information b. a marketing term or concept involved in the marketing management problem that will be researched c. the specific pieces of...
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... This large number does not even include the millions of vertebrates in the United States that are excluded from the Animal Welfare and thus not required to be reported. Animals are tested for the safety, and efficacy, of products to humans. In fact, both the EPA and the FDA use animal testing for the marketing of industrial chemicals, vaccines and medication. This is unethical for many reasons, most animals have a biology that is different from humans, so most animals make unreliable test subjects. Also, there are better testing ways that end with knowing how the human body will react....
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...Experimental Research to Analyze Cause and Effect Relationships Table of Content List of Abbreviations................................................ Fehler! Textmarke nicht definiert. List of Figures and Tables .................................................................................................. i 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 2 Causality ....................................................................................................................... 2 2.1 2.2 3.1 3.2 3.3 4.1 4.2 Cause and Effect ................................................................................................. 2 Internal and External Validity ............................................................................ 3 Experimental design ........................................................................................... 5 Randomization.................................................................................................... 5 Classification of Experimental Designs ............................................................. 6 Time, Cost, Administration, and Ethical Regulation ......................................... 7 Case Study: The Effect of Payment Transparency on Consumption ................. 8 3 Experimental Research ................................................................................................. 5 4 Limitations.........
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...Business Analysis and research March 30, 2014 Scenario Nashville, Tennessee—McDonald’s Corp. is trying to hook customers in southern test markets, including one in Kentucky, on a new catfish sandwich. The chain is serving its newest sandwich in Bowling Green, Kentucky; Memphis, Chattanooga, and Jackson, Tennessee; Huntsville, Alabama; Jonesboro, Arkansas; and Columbus, Tupelo, Greenville, and Greenwood, Mississippi, said Jane Basten, a marketing specialist for McDonald’s in Nashville. The sandwich consists of a 2.3-ounce catfish patty, lettuce, and tangy sauce served on a homestyle bun. The company will evaluate the sandwich based on sales and supply availability after a six-week ad campaign ends in mid-April. “The advertising will be similar to what we’re doing right now with the grilled steak sandwich,” Basten said. “We will promote it to the fullest and see what happens.” The Catfish Institute, an industry promotion association based in Belzoni, Mississippi, is supplying the catfish. Catfish Institute director Bill Allen said catfish farmers, processors, and marketers are “very excited about this prospect for our industry. This is super good news. “But we don’t want to get our hopes up too much and start thinking this is going to be our salvation, because we already have a viable industry.” Allen said that catfish firms that remember earlier tie-ups with major restaurant chains such as Church’s Fried Chicken are cautiously optimistic about the McDonald’s deal. Discussion ...
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...How to Design Smart Business Experiments Design How to Managers now have the tools to conduct small-scale tests and gain real insight. But too many “experiments” don’t prove much of anything. Smart Business Experiments by Thomas H. Davenport hbr.org | E February 2009 | EVERY DAY, managers in your organization take steps to implement new ideas without having any real evidence to back them up. They fiddle with offerings, try out distribution approaches, and alter how work gets done, usually acting on little more than gut feel or seeming common sense – “I’ll bet this” or “I think that.” Even more disturbing, some wrap their decisions in the language of science, creating an illusion of evidence. Their so-called experiments aren’t worthy of the name, because they lack investigative rigor. It’s likely that the resulting guesses will be wrong and, worst of all, that very little will have been learned in the process. Take the example of a major retail bank that set the goal of improving customer service. It embarked on a program hailed as scientific: Some branches Katy Lemay Harvard Business Review 69 How to Design Smart Business Experiments grams). Now, a quantitatively trained were labeled “laboratories”; the new IN BRIEF MBA can oversee the process, assisted approaches being tried were known as by software that will help determine “experiments.” Unfortunately, however, » Too many business innovations are what kind of samples are necessary, the methodology...
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...Independent variable is the on-going and/or fresh West Nile Virus threat * Dependent variable is the shift in consumer preferences Research Design Experimental research design is appropriate when one wishes to discover whether certain variables produce effects on other variables. Experimentation provides the most powerful support possible for a hypothesis of causation. With an ex post facto design, the investigators have no control over the variables in the sense of being able to manipulate them. It can only be reported of what has happened or what is happening. Researchers are limited by holding factors constant with judicious selection of subjects with strict sampling procedures and by statistical manipulation of findings. In an experiment, the researcher attempts to control and/or manipulate the variables in the study. First, the trend data will have to be gathered for a number of years preceding the West Nile Virus threat. A trend analysis can be conducted to establish whether the trend was naturally moving toward the population shifting their sleeve length preference or not. This will establish a basis for the qualitative...
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...THE NEW ECONOMICS in the SPECIAL ISSUE NEW WORLD The End of Rational Economics Your company has been operating on the premise that people – customers, employees, managers – make logical decisions. It’s time to abandon that assumption. | by Dan Ariely IN 2008, a massive earthquake reduced the financial world to rubble. Standing in the smoke and ash, Alan Greenspan, the former chairman of the U.S. Federal Reserve once hailed as “the greatest banker who ever lived,” confessed to Congress that he was “shocked” that the markets did not operate according to his lifelong expectations. He had “made a mistake in presuming that the self-interest of organizations, specifically banks and others, was such that they were best capable of protecting their own shareholders.” Jacob Thomas 78 Harvard Business Review | July–August 2009 | hbr.org hbr.org | July–August 2009 | Harvard Business Review 79 THE NEW ECONOMICS in the NEW WORLD. We are now paying a terrible price for our unblinking faith in the power of the invisible hand. We’re painfully blinking awake to the falsity of standard economic theory – that human beings are capable of always making rational decisions and that markets and institutions, in the aggregate, are healthily self-regulating. If assumptions about the way things are supposed to work have failed us in the hyperrational world of IN BRIEF Wall Street, what damage have they done in other institutions » The global economic...
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... Hypothesis: Jewelweed juice speeds up healing of the rash caused by Western Poison Ivy. Research Proposal: This study is extremely valuable for the sole and simple reason that approximately 85 percent of the population will develop an allergic reaction if exposed to poison ivy, or poison oak according to the American Academy of Dermatology. As a researcher for a pharmaceutical company, this information will aid in the validity of the claim and marketing of the product. This research will also benefits humanity in general by providing a safe and effective cream as an aid in the healing process after exposure. Ten subjects will be selected after careful interviews regarding allergies to food, medication, or anything else. A thorough medical history review will be made to ensure healthy individuals participate. Any subject with history of severe allergic reactions of any kind will not be allowed to participate. Subjects cannot not be taking any medications or have signs or symptoms of illness at the start of experiment. Baseline vital signs and blood test will be performed: CBC & Chem 10. The subjects must be able to commit for a period of 21 days, and should not be claustrophobic. The age group will be either males or females ages 18-55. The controlled variable is the location that the subjects will remain in. This will be a carefully monitored area where ambient temperature, sleeping and waking hours will be the same, as well as consumption of foods and activity...
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...Name Surname Instructor's Name Course Due Date Public Relation Public relation is maintaining of a professional image to the public. This is when a company or an organization acts in a favorable manner to the public to create a good image. Public relation is a crucial aspect used by businesses in marketing. For this reason it has become the interest in most companies and organizations for it to be measured in statistics. This paper will analyze and give reactions that statistics have on public relation. True experiment done out of a sample population is best in giving a relationship between variable of interest. When this is assumed in public relation, it can have a great effect on the confidence of the findings. The reaction in this is, to give a conclusive statistical outcome on variables of interest, the relationship that connect the variables should be kept in mind. Incase inferential reasoning is used, the dependent variable and independent variables are used, the researcher ought to form a hypothesis that will give a relationship between the two variables. Computer analysis done at a given time can mislead on the actual status of the market on public relation. With the dynamic environment a researcher cannot rely on the computer data which is back dated, the researcher needs to go to the grassroots level and collect data on how the public relates to the given variables currently. This should be done often. By so doing, the statistical significance is increased...
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...Activity 8: Signature Assignment Introduction In this essay, this research study seeks to demonstrates how financial management's usage of IT services reduced cost and control cash flow in the organization. Thus, the organization’s purpose is to analyze the elements which make up the organization’s framework. For that reason, the organization must know all specificy problems, purposes, the significance of the problem, and supporting theories. In fact, this research methodology analyzes the implementation of the problem solutions, and defends the result’s findings Financial management in U.S. firms covers many areas in stocks and cost optimization of the company’s performance management, especially in IT. Many emerging and recent developments in global economies have driven growth which further challenging challenges managers in American companies. The managers have to handle financial issues, especially in this cost drivening economy. However, IT departments are facing the issue of accounting for cost reduction with budget cuts in IT departments. Therefore, the IT departments are facing pressure to cut costs, which will affect education. Financial management focuses on reducing cost, profits, and increasing shareholders value, with IT. IT information is used by the financial managers to meeting the demands of the organization to develop a strategic technology plan. IT managers are put in situations where they are forced to defend their staffing levels against both internal...
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...Critical Behavior In Research Princess Gunthrope University of Phoenix In research it is very important to adhere to ethical norms, these values ensure the proper and initial aim of research is carried out. The law of ethics in research prohibit researchers from falsifying information or misrepresenting information to participants. Often times “research involves a great deal of cooperation and coordination among many different people in different disciplines and institutions, ethical standards promote the values that are essential to collaborative work, such as trust, accountability, mutual respect, and fairness”(Sent, 2003). The critical behavior in research analysis will analyze an ethical issue raised in the article, The Causal Generalization Paradox: The Case of Treatment Outcome Research, written by Graham L. Staines. The article by Staines discusses the causal generalization paradox. The ethical issue at the heart of the article is the use of improper sampling procedures. With the vast amount of research taking place and random assignment techniques, less of a priority is being placed upon random sampling. According to Staines,2008 experimental research typically selects units, in part or in whole, at the convenience of the researcher. The researcher then makes no attempt, or often times only a limited attempt, to ensure that this sample is an accurate representation of some larger group or population. This form...
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...Assignment Final Project Complete the Final Project Science Meets Real Life Whether you think of yourself as an up and coming scientist or not, you use science every day. You will explore how you apply different aspects of science in your daily life in a two part project. In 1,500-words (minimum), discuss the following: PART I: SCIENTIFIC METHOD Each and every day, we are faced with having to make split-second decisions, and the need to solve random problems that we encounter. To reach those decisions and work those problems out you are subconsciously using the scientific method. Apply the five steps of the Scientific Method to two situations that could occur in your everyday life. Use the scientific method in the first scenario provided below to solve the problem at hand. Please come up with a second detailed scenario on your own and follow the same steps in the scientific method to find a resolution. Scenario 1: You arrive home late at night. You walk up to the front door, unlock it, and reach in to turn on the light switch located just inside the front door. The light does not come on! Now what? Scenario 2: Develop your own detailed problem/observation and apply the scientific method to solve. PART II: WHY I CANNOT LIVE WITH/WITHOUT SCIENCE As you have seen throughout this course, science is intricately interwoven with our lives: in the food we eat, in the clothes we wear, in the computers we use for this course, science has had a hand in them all. Answer...
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...red hat. It hovers over the hat and then darts away. Question: Do ruby-throated hummingbirds prefer some colors more than others when visiting flowers? INTRODUCTION: There have been a number of researches and experiments done when it comes to ruby-throated hummingbirds. The ruby-throated hummingbirds are the only hummingbirds found in Northeast United States. They have great color vision, like many birds, and can see ultraviolent spectrum, unlike humans (1996, All About Birds). PREDICTION: Ruby-throated hummingbirds do prefer some colors other than others when visiting flowers. CONTROL EXPERIMENTAL METHOD: I will conduct a control experiment with 10 ruby-throated hummingbirds, using red, yellow, orange, and purple flowers. I will observe the Hummingbirds over a period of 5 weeks. I will then take pictures of the birds 10 times a day, to see which flower they prefer. RESULTS: In this experiment, I found that the ruby-throated hummingbirds prefer the red and orange flower over any other color. They flock to the red flower, by 1% over the orange. I feel that orange is a close color to red and if the hummingbirds does not get a chance to get to the red flowers, then they will flock to the next best thing. CONCLUSION: Based on this experiment, I accept this hypothesis. I do not feel that there is a need to conduct further experience. The hummingbirds flocked to the red and orange flowers, without hesitation and never giving interest to the purple or yellow...
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...The Body Fat Loss Experiment Does taking a thermogenic fat loss supplement cause an extra decrease in body fat or is it just the extra exercise and dieting from the individual's commitment itself that causes a greater body fat reduction? Thus, making people believe the excellent results couldn't of resulted on their own without the extra help from the thermogenic? I personally believe that the thermogenic supplement can cause an extra loss in body fat if taken properly. In this small experiment, I (Sean) and Ricky were the experimental group taking a thermogenic supplement from USP labs called OxyElite Pro for 4 weeks. Well my friends Luca and Adrian were the control group who had not taken anything for 4 weeks knowingly. Luca and Adrian had both decided that they did not need the supplement in order lose the same amount of body fat as Sean and Ricky. Since Luca and Adrian were exposed to the same experimental environment, it was only appropriate to consider them as the control group. All four subjects were on the same exact diet which consisted of oatmeal in the morning, a tuna sandwich and green leaf salad for lunch, and steak with broccoli at night. As for their workouts, they were performed together consisting of the same exact routines. Every workout would begin with running for 10min then cycling for 10min and abdominal workouts at the end of every workout for 10min. Biceps and triceps on Monday, back and chest on Tuesday, calves and thighs on Wednesday, Lats/traps/shoulders...
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...applied research method. My company would use this type of research to figure out how to make more profitable when transporting goods. They may look at changing routes or how they split loads between drivers. DQ 2 Three things to research would be when these complaints are happening day or night? Who are these complaints about one employee or multiple employees? What are the company policies for customer service? DQ 3 Quantitative data is easier to read it can be translated to numerical expression. This is much easier to use when trying to determine if they should change something and how things are going. DQ 4 The essential characteristics distinguishing a true experiment require experimental and control groups and making sure that all parts of the experiment are validated. When conducting experiments with humans things can change constantly making it hard to validate. DQ 5 Some of the focus group questions I would use are. Does the IPhone have the capability to do what you need it to? Are there any features you do not like about it? How was the battery life? Were all the features easy to navigate? DQ 6 A method of sociological investigation that uses question based or statistical surveys to collect information about how people think and act. For example, a possible application of survey research to a business context might involve looking at how effective mass media is in helping form and shift public opinion” (Business Dictionary. 2013). If not done correctly...
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