BIT 211 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS
CLASS EXERCISE
DUE DATE: 17/2/2015
STUDENT ID: 140079
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NAME: COSMAS KANCHEPA
QUESTIONS
1. Define and Explain Scheins classification of Motivational Assumptions.
2. What are Maslow's hierarchy of needs and why is it important in the study of motivation.
3. What are the characteristics of Theory X and Theory Y people?
ANSWERS
Question1 I. The rational-economic model is the mental picture held by managers who consider workers to be primarily motivated by economic incentives as manipulated by the organization. The worker is essentially passive, lazy, and unwilling to take responsibility, and must therefore be controlled by the manager. This is the basis of Fredrick Taylor’s approach to management which is clarified by McGregor as Theory X. This approach led to the possibility of mass-production industry but broke down when unions became powerful and jobs became more complex, requiring more of an employee than being just a pair of hands.

II. The social model developed from awareness of the worker’s needs for identity through relationships with others, particularly the working group. The group’s norms and pressures have much more power over production than do formal incentive systems and management.

III. The self-actualizing model is a further development that underlines the fact that,
Typically, organizations remove the meaning of any work that employees do. The inherent need of workers to exercise their understanding, capacities, and skills in an adult way is thus frustrated, and alienation and dissatisfaction ensue. The analysis of the clinical psychologist Abraham Maslow has been very influential here. He maintained that self-actualization (the realization of one’s distinctive psychological potential) is the highest form of human need, going beyond economic and social