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Math Problem Set

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1. N/A 2. People living near the ocean experience the ocean’s moderating influence on the climate because the ocean absorbs heat when the air is warm and releases heat when the air is cool.

Because it is a fluid, the ocean diffuses the effects of a temperature change for great distances via vertical mixing and convective movements. The solid land cannot, so the sun's heat penetrates only the thin, upper crust.

One consequence of the ocean's ability to absorb more heat is that when an area of ocean becomes warmer or cooler than usual, it takes much longer for that area to revert to "normal" than it would for a land area. This also explains why "maritime" climates tend to be less extreme than "continental" ones, with smaller day-night and winter-summer differences. 3. Clouds act as an insulator to trap in the heat. When there are no clouds, the heat can leave the earth more quickly. 4. An ordinary fan does not cool the air directly. It actually warms the air slightly, because the motor used to power the fan will exhaust some heat into the air, and the increase in average kinetic energy of the air molecules caused by the fan blades pushing them means the air temperature increases slightly. The reason for using the fan is that it keeps air moving. The human body warms the air immediately around it, assuming the air is initially cooler than the body. If that warmed air stays in contact with the body, then the body will lose little further heat after the air is warmed. The fan, by circulating the air, removes the heated air from close to the body and replaces it with cooler air. Likewise, the body is also cooled by evaporation of water from the skin. As the relative humidity of the air close to the body increases, less water can be evaporated, and cooling by evaporation is decreased. The fan, by circulating the air, removes the humid air from

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