Dr. Robert P. Marino
Review Questions 2

Question 1
Describe basic bone structure and classification.

There are two basic types of Bone tissue, compact bone and spongy bone.

1. Compact bone is dense and homogeneous and forms the walls of bone.
2. Spongy bone is composed of slender intertwined pieces of bone enclosing a space filed with non-bone tissue. It is found in the interior of normal bone.
Bones can also be classified according to shape: 1. Long bones are longer than they are wide. All bones of the limbs except for the wrist and ankle bones are long bones.
2. Short bones are cube-shaped and are found in the wrist and ankle of the limbs.
3. Flat bones are thin and flat and often curved. These bones include some bones of the skull, the ribs and the sternum.
4. Irregular bones as their name suggests do not fit conveniently into any category according to their shape.
5. Sesamoid bones is not a category based on shape although they tend to be short bone. A sesamoid bone is a bone that develops within a tendon. The knee cap or patella is an example.

Question 2
Bones grow in length at the growth plate by a process that is similar to ossification. The cartilage in the region of the growth plate next to the epiphysis continues to grow by mitosis. This process continues throughout childhood and the adolescent years until the cartilage growth slows and finally stops. When cartilage growth ceases, usually in the early twenties, the growth plate completely ossifies so that only a thin epiphyseal line remains and the bones can no longer grow in length. Bones grow in length at the growth plate by a process that is similar to ossification. The cartilage in the region of the growth plate next to the epiphysis continues to grow by mitosis. This process continues throughout childhood and the adolescent years until the cartilage growth slows and finally