...Outline OPENING CASE: McDonald’s in India INTRODUCTION WHAT IS CULTURE? Values and Norms Culture, Society, and the Nation-State The Determinants of Culture SOCIAL STRUCTURE Individuals and Groups Social Stratification Country Focus: Breaking India’s Caste System RELIGIOUS AND ETHICAL SYSTEMS Christianity Islam Country Focus: Islamic Capitalism in Turkey Hinduism Buddhism Confucianism Management Focus: DMG-Shanghai LANGUAGE Spoken Language Unspoken Language EDUCATION CULTURE AND THE WORKPLACE CULTURAL CHANGE FOCUS ON MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS Cross-Cultural Literacy Culture and Competitive Advantage SUMMARY CRITICAL THINKING AND DISCUSSION QUESTIONS CLOSING CASE: Wal-Mart’s Foreign Expansion Learning Objectives 1. Know what is meant by the culture of a society. 2. Identify the forces that lead to differences in social culture. 4. Identify the business and economic implications of differences in culture. 5. Understand how differences in social culture influence values in the workplace. 6. Develop an appreciation for the economic and business implications of cultural change. Chapter Summary This chapter begins by introducing the concept of culture. The determinants of culture are identified, which include religion, political philosophy, economic philosophy, education, language, and social structure. The first...
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...MARKETING IS ALL ABOUT UNDERSTANDING SOCIO CULTURAL FACTORS 05/12/2013 MARKETING IS ALL ABOUT UNDERSTANDING SOCIO CULTURAL FACTORS Compiled By- (17/2013) Arun Kumar (20/2013) Amandeep Singh Mehta (33/2013) Nishant Dahiya (36/2013) Manish Kumar Singh (41/2013) Priyanka Singh (52/2013) Ashim Gupta To Be Received By- Dr. Joyeeta Chatterjee ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We would like to thank Dr. Joyeeta Chatterjee for giving us the opportunity to study the importance of socio cultural factors in marketing. It gave us an insight how the different socio cultural factors affect the marketing strategies of different companies. We would also like to thank our class-mates whose valuable insight about socio cultural factors helped us to analyze and develop a broad perspective of how these factors affect the way companies market and sell their products. LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL December 05, 2013 To Dr. Joyeeta Chatterjee Associate Professor, Marketing Lal Bahadur Shastri Institute of Management Delhi From Group number-1 We, group number-1 are submitting a report “Marketing is all about understanding socio cultural factors”. We hereby declare that the work presented in this project report entitled “Marketing is all about understanding socio cultural factors” is original and correct to the best of our knowledge and has been carried out taking...
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...Organization Culture August 19, 2009 Group 4 Organizational Culture Introduction Basically, organizational culture is the personality of the organization. Culture is comprised of the assumptions, values, norms and tangible signs (artifacts) of organization’s members and their behaviors. Members of an organization soon come to sense the particular culture of an organization. Culture is one of those terms that are difficult to express distinctly, but everyone knows it when they sense it. For example, the culture of a large, profit corporation is quite different than that of a hospital which is quite different than that of a university. You can tell the culture of an organization by looking at the arrangement of furniture, what they brag about, what members wear, etc. -- similar to what you can use to get a feeling about someone's personality. Corporate culture can be looked at as a system. Inputs include feedback from, e.g., society, professions, laws, stories, heroes, values on competition or service, etc. The process is based on our assumptions, values and norms, e.g., our values on money, time, facilities, space and people. Outputs or effects of our culture are, e.g., organizational behaviors, technologies, strategies, image, products, services, appearance, etc. The concept of culture is particularly important when attempting to manage organization-wide change. Practitioners are coming to realize that, despite the best-laid plans, organizational change must include...
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...Introduction: The Theory behind Scientific Management The definition of Scientific Management is that it is “the management thought concerned primarily with the physical efficiency of an individual worker.” (Business Dictionary, 2011) Though the famous economist Adam Smith, with his division of labour hypothesis is credited with using scientific management principles, it is widely believed that the father of scientific management is the management theorist, Frederick Taylor. Scientific Management and Taylorism are near synonymous due to the fact that the field of Scientific Management was pioneered by Frederick Taylor in the late 19th century. With the adoption of scientific management in virtually every aspect of management practice, the field of scientific management took off in a big way in the 20th century. This resulted in greater efficiencies and more productivity of the workforce as the application of scientific management theories meant that production processes were standardized and the principle of division of labour was applied leading to mass production of goods (Taylor, 2011, 80). An interesting aspect of the scientific management approach pioneered by Taylor is his emphasis on increasing efficiency from the “bottom up” where he concentrated on the shop floor to maximize productivity. When contrasted with the theories by Henri Fayol and Max Weber who favoured a top down approach, we find that Taylor’s approach is better suited to the rigours of modern day manufacturing...
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...International Business Management Chapter Two Understanding the Role of Culture __________________________________________________ What is meant by the culture of society, and why is it important for international managers to understand it? What is meant by the culture of society, Explain how culture affects all aspects of international management? Culture A set of shared values, understandings, assumptions, and goals that are learned from earlier generations, imposed by present members of a society, and passed on to succeeding generations. A critical skill for managing people and processes in other countries is cultural savvy that is, a working knowledge of the cultural variables affecting management decisions. Managers have often seriously underestimated the significance of cultural factors. According to numerous accounts, many blunders made in international operations can be attributed to a lack of cultural sensitivity. Examples abound. Scott Russell, senior vice president for human resources at Cendant Mobility in Danbury, Connecticut, recounts the following An American company in Japan charged its Japanese HR manager with reducing the workforce. The Japanese manager studied the issue but couldn’t find a solution within cultural Japanese parameters; so when he came back to the Americans, he reduced the workforce by resigning—which was not what they wanted.. Cultural sensitivity, or cultural empathy, is an awareness and an honest caring about another...
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...ESSENTIALS OF MANAGEMENT Chapter 4 – Subject Review Questions 1. After reading the short excerpt “Custom Coffee & Chocolate”, the reader has a pretty good idea as to what their mission statement might be. In my opinion, the mission statement for “Custom Coffee & Chocolate” could be along the lines to provide a comfortable, convenient location for Students, Faculty, and local residents to come and indulge in their love of fair trade coffee and fine local chocolate. 2. SWOT Analysis for Custom Coffee and Chocolate is below. Strengths – Quality Ingredients, Store Location, Stacy’s financial background, Bonnie’s marketing abilities, comfortable environment, both owners have experience in this market, good potential customer base. Weaknesses – Lack of employees, lack of capital, amount of takeout orders, small shop, and unstable price points. Opportunities – Delivery service, additional employees, wireless connection, expanding the menu, holding of events, creation of a website and blog, school affiliation Threats – Competitor coffee shops in the area and the university cafeteria along with student meal plans Both owners understand that a tactical plan is a set of procedures or steps used to translate their broad strategic goals into a specific plan with a timeline. * The first order of business is to hire two part-time employees; this should be done within 2-4 weeks, as this will free time for Bonnie and Stacy to implement the rest of the plan. *...
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...factors that are affect the consumer behaviour and strategies should be formed to adopt those changes and achieve the long term growth and success. The attitude of Indian consumers has undergone a major transformation over the last few years. The Indian consumer today wants to lead a life full of luxury and comfort. He wants to live in present and does not believe in savings for the future. An important and recent development in India’s consumerism is the emergence of the rural market for several basic consumer goods. Consumer behavior is affected by a lot of variables, ranging from personal motivations, needs, attitudes and values, personality characteristics, socio-economic and cultural background, age, sex, professional status to social influences of various kinds exerted by family, friends, colleagues and society as a whole. We have developed a HSSE model that is: Health, Safety, Sophistication and Environment of Indian consumer. It is found that that today’s consumers strictly follow their culture, tradition and values, as a result of which foreign companies were forced to give an Indian touch to them in order to succeed in India. McDonalds, MTV, Pepsi, Star TV, Coca Cola India and many more had to Indianise themselves to flourish in India. The Indian consumers have shown another major change in their buying behaviour. They just don’t want availability of products; they also want better experience, services and ambience. This has led to the growth of shopping malls...
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...quickly resolve your trouble. Fast food restaurants have been rapidly growing since the 1900’s and are now a food source we highly depend on as a society. It wasn’t long ago that the standard was for a family to sit down to a home cooked meal. This standard has severally changed over the years. While having the option to pick up dinner on the way home or have it delivered to our door is convenient, at what point do we stop to consider the dangers of consuming a heart-attack in a sack? What once was considered a treat has now become the norm carrying more than just health concerns. Fast food restaurants have become very beneficial over the years by offering us convenience, agricultural stimulus, and slowing increasing their nutritional values, it’s time to consider other ways they effect our society. Eric Schlosser describes fast food best in his book Fast Food Nation The Dark Side of the All-American Meal when he says “It has become a social custom as American as a small, rectangular, hand-held, frozen, and reheated apple pie” (Eric Schlosser, 2002). Fast food has become more then just convenient for us, it has become a dependent. We no longer use fast food as an alternative when time is cut short but rather as a daily regimen. According to Statistic Brain, “50 million people are served fast food daily” (Statistic Brain, n.d). Fast food has several adverse effects that consumers are unaware of such as depression and addiction. Then there are the effects that we are aware of...
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... since the time of Socrates and Plato. Many ethicists consider emerging ethical beliefs to be "state of the art" legal matters, i.e., what becomes an ethical guideline today is often translated to a law, regulation or rule tomorrow. Values which guide how we ought to behave are considered moral values, e.g., values such as respect, honesty, fairness, responsibility, etc. Statements around how these values are applied are sometimes called moral or ethical principles. THREE TYPES OF ETHICS Descriptive Ethics: Descriptive ethics involves describing how people behave and/or the moral standards they claim to follow. Descriptive ethics incorporates research from anthropology, psychology, sociology and history to understand beliefs about moral norms. Atheists who compare what religious theists say about moral behavior or the basis for morality...
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...sensitive to our physical environment are combining with 33 02-Cawsey.qxd 5/23/2007 10:59 AM Page 34 34——TOOLKIT FOR ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE concerns for security and organizational governance to generate significant pressure for organizational change. Awareness of the political, economic, sociological, and technological (PEST) aspects of any organization’s external environment forewarns us of the need to pay attention to such factors. Furthermore, it alerts managers to a need to have some means in place to attend to their organization’s relevant environmental contexts and to decide whether they need to take some action as a result. McDonald’s is one of many organizations scanning its environment and making decisions about changes to its products as a result of changes in its environment. Des Moines, Iowa—McDonald’s Corp. is working on an alternative for parents who wish their kids would lay off the...
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...| | | | 1–3 Coke and Pepsi Learn to Compete in India | | | | X | X | X | | | | | X | X | | | | | | | | 1-4 Marketing Microwave Ovens to a New Market Segment | | | | X | X | | | | | | X | X | | | | | | X | | 2–1 The Not-So-Wonderful World of EuroDisney | | | | X | | X | X | X | | | X | | | | | | | X | | 2-2 Cultural Norms, Fair and Lovely, and Advertising | | | | X | X | | | X | | | X | X | | | | | | | | 2–3 Starnes-Brenner Machine Tool Company – To Bribe or Not to Bribe | | | | | X | | X | | | | | | | | | | X | | | 2-4 Ethics and Airbus* | | | | X | X | X | X | | | | | | X | | | | | | | 2–5 Coping with Corruption in Trading with China | | | | | X | X | X | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2–6 When International Buyers and Sellers Disagree | | | | | | | X | | | | | | | | X | | | | | 2-7 McDonald’s and Obesity | | | | X | X | | | | | | X | X | X | | | X | | | | 3-1 International Marketing Research at Mayo Clinic | | | | | | | | X | | | | | | | | | | | | 3–2 Swifter, Higher, Stronger, Dearer | | | | | | | | X | | | X | | | | | | | | | 3-3 easyCar.com | | | | | X | | X | X | | | X | X...
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...An organizational plan is basically a “to do” list for an organization. It lists out the plan of work, programs, and organizational growth over a period of time - six months, a year, a five years. They can be pretty simple to create and use. Writing a plan can just mean getting a clear list of the types of work that need to be done, the tasks involved, who is responsible for them, and when they’ll be done. Below is an outline of the steps for creating an organizational plan. Decide on Categories. First, think about all the work that your organization does, and list out the general categories—for example, Fundraising, Community Outreach, Website, and so on. Some big categories might be split up—for example, dividing Fundraising into ‘Foundation Grants’ and ‘Grassroots Fundraising.’ Set Goals. Second, make sure the goals for your work in each category are clear. Ask yourselves, “Where do we want to be with this work in a year?” Example: Fundraising: Raise $8000. Set Tasks. Next, discuss each goal and talk about all the tasks that need to be done to achieve that goal. At this point, they don’t have to be in order. Some will be more specific than others; the more specific the better, in general. You may not know how to reach some goals, yet; it’s fine to have a task list that looks like “Get fundraising training. Create fundraising plan and schedule. Carry out plan.” Plan a Schedule. When all the tasks are listed, number them to show a general order—what comes first...
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...GKCA Update 1st to 31st Dec Starred Articles 01 UN recognizes Palestine as a non-member observer state Dec World > Palestine The United Nations General Assembly has finally voted in favour of recognizing Palestine as a non-member observer state. Palestinian President, Mahmoud Abbas, had earlier stated this recognition as the last resort to maintain peace and harmony with Israel. This recognition means that, Palestine can now participate in UN debates, join the affiliated bodies and have a voice in world affairs. The votes were as follows: 138 nations voted in favour of Palestine while 9 voted against the country. 41 nations chose to abstain from the voting procedure. The Palestinian reaction to the UN decision was ecstatic and celebratory parades were seen on the streets of Ramallah in Israel. However, some countries are against the decision. Israel said that this decision by the UN will put the peace process between Israel and Palestine “backwards”. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu announced his plans to expand settlement buildings in Palestinian territory despite the UN decision. The U.S. has said that the UN bid was "unfortunate". Opponents of the bid say a Palestinian state should emerge only out of bilateral negotiations. The countries of the world reacted majorly in support of Palestine. Countries like Britain, France, Spain, Sweden and Denmark made appeals to ambassadors in Israel to ask Prime Minister Netanyahu to reconsider his plan to erect close to 3...
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...Brand Strategy What can a brand do to stay profitable during a recession? Here are some realistic possibilities: • Add a lower-price item with fewer features to your product line. You might even launch it under a different brand name. Most companies should produce a line of products at different price points. • Add some additional value to the offer, such as free shipping or installation. • Maintain the current price but advertise heavily as to why customers should pay more for this brand. Procter & Gamble (P&G) uses this strategy with Tide, instead of cutting the price. • Change the brand’s image through a new campaign. Dove introduced its “Real Beauty” campaign in China in 2011 based on the notion that most women have real beauty—and Dove can help them realize it. • Innovate something new. Apple introduced its iPhone just before the Great Recession and caused Nokia’s market share to decline from 50 percent to 10 percent in five years. • Shift to win the low price position but maintain the brand value and promise. Insurance provider Geico sells auto insurance mainly online and, as a well-known brand, owns the low-cost position. Top Twelve Branding Keys For 2012 by Derrick Daye The 12th year of the 21st century is close upon us, bringing not just a new slate, but also a sense of significance: the very number 12 commands a lot of attention, in different ways. For product brands it’s a unit of trade – 12 units to a dozen, said to be cheaper than other...
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...The 7 Great Lies Of Network Marketing By Ann Sieg Brought to you by: The Renegade Network Marketer Click HERE Visit us on the web: CLICK Here © Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved http://.TheRenegadeNetworkMarketer.com -1- Steal This eBook! Well okay, not quite. But actually, you now own free resell, reprint and redistribution rights to this ebook! This is a $195.00 value! What does that mean in “normal” terms? It means that you can sell this ebook for any price you’d like and you keep 100% of the profits…or you can use it as a free bonus and give it away on your site…or you can print out as many copies as you want…or you can send it as a file to your team or downline to help them with their business...or you can simply send it to a friend who might be interested in reading it. It’s your choice. The only restriction is that you cannot modify the ebook or its contents in any way. That’s it! Inside this ebook you’ll be exposed to some profound and highly-controversial truths and of course, untruths. You’ll discover some incredible principles that will save you an enormous amount of time, money and headaches in your business. Not only that, it also contains some of the most valuable marketing principles that you will ever learn. Learning and applying these faithfully to all your endeavors is guaranteed to bring you phenomenal results. Note: If you’re interested in selling this ebook or giving it away on your site, click here for some great marketing tools, graphics...
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